Ascarat
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Ascarat (Script error: No such module "IPA".; Template:Langx)[2] is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.
The inhabitants are known as Azkaratear.[3][4]
Geography
Ascarat is located in the former province of Lower Navarre in the Aldudes Valley immediately north-west of Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port. Access to the commune is by the D918 road from Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port which passes through the length of the commune on the eastern side and continues to Louhossoa. The D15 road goes north-west from Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port through the southern part of the commune continuing to Irouléguy. Access to the village is by country roads - Garategana from the D15 and Learraa from the D918. There are substantial forests in the commune however about 70% of the land area is farmland.[5]
The Nive river forms the eastern border of the commune as it flows north to join the Adour at Bayonne. Three streams flow into the Nive in the commune: the Nive d'Arnéguy, the Nive de Béhérobie, the Berroko erreka, and the Pagolako erreka.[5]
Places and hamlets
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- Apelchénéa
- Arbelarréa
- Arrécharborda
- Béhérekoetchéa
- Bentaberria
- Beskinaénéa
- Bidartéa
- Bordia
- Burugorriénéa
- Caracotchéa
- Choko Ona
- Errékaldéa
- Fargas (château)
- Ferrandoénéa
- Garatégaïna
- Haranbiako Borda
- Harguinaénéa
- Harguinchuria
- Hirureta
- Indartéa
- Iputchaénéa
- Ithurraldéa
- Ithurricheta
- Jauberria
- Pontoussénéa
- Puchulua
- La Solitude
- Tofinaenea
- Uhaldéa
Template:Geographic location [6]
Toponymy
The name Ascarat appears in the forms:
- Ascarat (1106[7]),
- Escarat (13th century[7]),
- Azcarat (1350[7]),
- Atzcarat (1366[7]),
- Azquarat (1413[7]),
- Axcarat (1513,[8] Titles of Pamplona[9]),
- Axcarate (1621,[8] Martin Biscay[10]), and
- Sanctus Julianus d'Ascarat (1763,[8] Collations of the Diocese of Bayonne[11]).
Jean-Baptiste Orpustan indicated that the name is composed of aitz ("rock") and garate ("high place"), giving "a height of rocks".[7]
Chubitoa was a hamlet in Ascarat and Anhaux, mentioned in 1863[12]
Jauréguy was a fief, vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre, cited in the 1863 dictionary[13] as was Larragoyen.[14]
The commune name in basque is Azkarate.[2][4]
History
The parish was mentioned in 1256 and was "ravaged by soldiers" in 1396.[15]
In 1391 Saint-Étienne-de-Baïgorry included the modern communes of Anhaux, Ascarat, Irouléguy, and Lasse.[16]
Heraldry
Administration
Script error: No such module "Unsubst". List of Successive Mayors[17]
| From | To | Name | Party | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 2020 | Jean-Michel Galant | AB | General Councillor |
| 2020 | 2026 | Philippe Etchenique |
Inter-communality
The commune is part of nine inter-communal structures:[18]
- the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque;
- the SIVOS of Garazi;
- the SIVU Hiruen Artean;
- the AEP association of Anhice;
- the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques;
- the inter-communal association for sanitation of Ur Garbi;
- the inter-communal association for the management and development of the abattoir at Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port;
- the joint association for the Drainage basin of the Nive;
- the association to support Basque culture.
Demography
In 2017 the commune had 321 inhabitants.
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Economy
The commune is part of the production zone of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) of Irouléguy and also of the AOC zone of Ossau-iraty.
Economic activity is mainly agricultural.
Culture and heritage
Civil heritage
There are several houses and farms in the commune which are registered as historical monuments. These are:
- Uhaldea House (18th century)File:Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[19]
- Harizpea Farm (1587)File:Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[20]
- Chateau de Vergues (or Chateau de Fargas) (18th century)File:Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[21]
- Houses and Farms (17th-19th centuries)File:Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[22]
Religious heritage
The Church of Saint-Julien-d'AntiocheFile:Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg is of medieval origin was heavily rebuilt in the 18th and 19th century.[23]
Notable people linked to the commune
- Pierre Narbaitz, born in 1910 at Ascarat and died in 1984 at Cambo-les-Bains, was a historian, writer, and a basque French academic of the Basque and French languages.
See also
References
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b AZKARATE, Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia Template:In lang
- ↑ Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of place names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture, Template:ISBN Template:In lang
- ↑ a b Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language (Basque)
- ↑ a b Google Maps
- ↑ Géoportail, IGN Template:In lang
- ↑ a b c d e f Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, Template:ISBN Template:In lang
- ↑ a b c Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011, p. 15 Template:In lang
- ↑ Titles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda Template:In lang
- ↑ Derecho de naturaleza que la merindad de San-Juan-del-pie-del-puerto, una de las seys de Navarra, tiene en Castilla - 1622 petit in-4° Template:In lang
- ↑ Manuscripts from the 17th and 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Template:In lang
- ↑ Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 50 Template:In lang
- ↑ Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 85 Template:In lang
- ↑ Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, p. 94 Template:In lang
- ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée Template:Mérimée Template:In lang
- ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée Template:Mérimée Template:In lang
- ↑ List of Mayors of France Template:In lang
- ↑ Intercommunality of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Template:Webarchive, Cellule informatique préfecture 64, consulted on 2 March 2012 Template:In lang
- ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée Template:Mérimée Template:In lang
- ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée Template:Mérimée Template:In lang
- ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée Template:Mérimée Template:In lang
- ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée Template:Mérimée Template:In lang
- ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée Template:Mérimée Template:In lang
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External links
- Ascarat on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website Template:In lang
- Azcarat on the 1750 Cassini Map
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