President of Azerbaijan

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The president of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Template:Langx) is the head of state of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The Constitution states that the president is the embodiment of executive power, commander-in-chief, "representative of Azerbaijan in home and foreign policies", and "shall have the right of immunity [from prosecution]." The president rules through his executive office, the Presidential Administration, consisting of a group of secretaries and departmental ministers. Additionally, there is a Cabinet of Ministers regarding economic and social policy and a Security Council regarding foreign, military, and judicial matters.

The primary workplace is the presidential building (also known as the presidential apparatus) on Istiglaliyyat Street in Baku.[1][2][3] Ilham Aliyev, son of the former president, Heydar, was elected the 4th and current president on 31 October 2003 after his father's resignation due to his deteriorating health.

Selection process and term

Eligibility

Candidates for the position must be Azerbaijani citizens without age restrictions and have lived in Azerbaijan for at least 10 years.[4] According to the Constitution of Azerbaijan, the same person can be on the post of President an unlimited number of terms.

Election

Each faction in the National Assembly has the right to nominate a candidate for the presidential elections. The minimum number of signatures for a presidential candidate fielded by a political party with no parliamentary representation is 40,000, before amendments to the law.[5]

Term of office

Prior to 2009, the term of office was five years, with a maximum of two terms. A referendum in 2009 removed the limit on the number of terms, and in 2016, another referendum increased the term to seven years. According to the Azerbaijani administration, a longer term would provide for more continuity in decision-making. The Venice Commission, of which Azerbaijan is a member, warned that this and other provisions of the referendum gave "unprecedented" authority to the president, and could severely upset the balance of power.[6]

Inauguration

The official inauguration ceremony of the president is not publicly held, occurring with the participation of officials of the Azerbaijan state (representatives of political parties, public organizations, military personnel, religious figures), members of the government, deputies of the National Assembly, members of the president's family, as well as foreign representatives and other invited guests.

It is held within three days after the confirmation of the elected president by the Constitutional Court, during which the president takes the following oath:[7]

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"I swear, while exercising the powers of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, to observe the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, to protect the independence and territorial integrity of the state, and to serve the people with dignity."

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Then the person elected president of Azerbaijan puts his right hand on the Koran and takes the following oath:

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"I will remain faithful to the national moral values and traditions created by the Azerbaijani people for centuries, and I will always hold them high."

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Then the president-elect of Azerbaijan bows and kisses the Azerbaijani flag. The ceremony ends with a speech by the president-elect of Azerbaijan. The following is a list of presidential inaugurations:

Place Date
National Assembly Building 17 June 1992 [8]
Heydar Aliyev Palace 10 October 1993 [9]
18 October 1998 [9]
31 October 2003 [9]
24 October 2008 [9]
National Assembly Building 19 October 2013 [10]

Powers and duties

Guarantor of the Constitution

As the guarantor of the Constitution and the entire system of constitutional law, the president ensures that the constitutions, laws and regulations of the constituent territories of the Azerbaijan be in full compliance with the country's Constitution and federal laws.

Foreign policy

The president is invested with extensive rights to implement the state's foreign policy. The president determines Azerbaijan's position in international affairs and represents the state in international relations, conducts negotiations and signs ratification documents.

Military policy

The president serves as the supreme commander-in-chief of the Azerbaijani Armed Forces. In this capacity, he has the power to declare a martial law.

Agencies under the president

Presidential Administration

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".The Office of the President of Azerbaijan is the executive administration of the president, and is in charge of fulfilling the constitutional responsibilities of the president.[11] The headquarters of office is located on Istiglaliyyat Street in Baku.[12] It is currently headed by Samir Nuriyev.

Security Council

File:Meeting of Security Council under chairmanship of Ilham Aliyev was held 10.jpg
A meeting of the security council.

The Security Council (Təhlükəsizlik Şurası) is an advisory body to the president, established on 10 April 1997. The Security Council ensures the creation of conditions for the President to exercise his constitutional powers in the field of security. The chairman of the Security Council under the president of Azerbaijan is the president of Azerbaijan.[13] The following people are members of the council:

Position Holder
President/Chairman Ilham Aliyev
Vice President of Azerbaijan Mehriban Aliyeva
Secretary of Security Council Ramil Usubov
Prime Minister of Azerbaijan Ali Asadov
Chairman of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan Sahiba Gafarova
Head of the Presidential Administration Samir Nuriyev
Assistant to the President for Law Enforcement and Military Affairs Fuad Alasgarov
Prosecutor General of Azerbaijan Kamran Aliyev
Minister of Internal Affairs Vilayat Eyvazov
Minister of Defense Zakir Hasanov
Minister of Foreign Affairs Jeyhun Bayramov
Head of the State Border Service Elchin Guliyev
Head of the State Security Service Ali Nağıyev
Head of the Foreign Intelligence Service Orkhan Sultanov

Chief military advisors to the president of Azerbaijan have included Nuraddin Sadigov (1993–1999), Tofig Aghahuseynov (1997–2002) and National Security Vahid Aliyev (since April 2002).

Symbols

Standard

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". After the oath of office has been taken by the elected president, the standard is handed over to the president. These devices are used to display the rank of his office and are used on special occasions. The standard is a square version of the Azerbaijani flag, charged in the center with the Azerbaijani coat of arms. Golden fringe is added to the standard. Copies of the standard are used inside his office, other state agencies, and while the president is traveling in a vehicle inside Azerbaijan.[14] A 2:3 ratio version of the flag is used when the President is at sea. This is the most used symbol to denote the presence of the Azerbaijan president.

Military flag

The flag of the supreme commander-in-chief of the Azerbaijani Armed Forces was approved by the decree of President Ilham Aliyev on 11 April 2019.[15] The flag of the supreme commander-in-chief is the official military symbol of the president of Azerbaijan, with the original being kept in the service room of the president located in the Presidential Palace. It resembles the army flag but with the words "Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Azerbaijan".[15][16]

Badge

File:Azərbaycan Prezidentinin döş nişanı.jpg
Badge of the President.

The badge of the president (Prezidentinin döş nişanı) was approved by decree on September 15, 2008.[17] It is in the shape of an octagonal star made of 18 carat gold, placed in a circle with a diameter. In the center is a mined image of the State Emblem of Azerbaijan, which is surrounded by two rings and 60 diamonds are lined up between the rings.[18]

Residences

The main (since 2008) presidential residence is Zagulba (Template:Langx).[19] Also, the president has several part-time residences outside of Baku:

  • Youth Presidential Palace
  • Presidential Mountain Palace in Qabala
  • "Freedom" Guest House
  • Palace of Happiness
  • Gulustan Palace
  • Presidential Library
  • "Marxal" Treatment and Recreation Complex

As well as several vacation residences:

Transport and security

File:Cars belonged to Heydar Aliyev in Heydar Aliyev Center.jpg
Cars which belonged to Heydar Aliyev in Heydar Aliyev Center (GAZ-13, ZIL-41047, 1991 W140-600, 1994 W140-limo)

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National transport services for the Azerbaijan president are provided by the Special Purpose Garage,[20] which is a unit within the Special State Protection Service.[21]

The presidential aircraft uses the same colour scheme as standard AZAL aircraft, except for the use of the Azerbaijan coat of arms or the Presidential Standard on the empennage instead of the flag of Azerbaijan.

Presidents of the Republic of Azerbaijan (1990–present)

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No. President
(birth–death)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Term of office Political party Government Elected Ref
Portrait Name Took office Left office Time in office
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Party color; color:white"| 1 File:Ayaz Mutalibov 1992.jpg Ayaz Mutallibov
Template:Langx
(1938–2022)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		18 May 1990 6 March 1992 Template:Age in years and days style="background:Template:Party color;"|Communist
1. Mütəllibov II 1990
1991
First Nagorno-Karabakh War; Khojaly Massacre; Capture of Shusha; 1991 Azerbaijani Mil Mi-8 shootdown. Forced to submit his resignation after pressure from Azerbaijan Popular Front.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Party color;"| – File:Emblem of Azerbaijan.svg Yagub Mammadov (acting)
Template:Langx
(born 1941)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		6 March 1992 14 May 1992 Script error: No such module "age". days style="background:Template:Party color;"|None — — [22]
Ousted by the armed revolt led by Azerbaijan Popular Front.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Party color;"| (1) File:Ayaz Mutalibov 1992.jpg Ayaz Mutallibov
Template:Langx
(1938–2022)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		14 May 1992 18 May 1992 Script error: No such module "age". days style="background:Template:Party color;"|None Mütəllibov II —
Deposed from his duty after takeover by Azerbaijan Popular Front.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Party color;"| – File:Isa Gambar (cropped).jpg Isa Gambar (acting)
Template:Langx
(born 1957)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		18 May 1992 17 June 1992 Script error: No such module "age". days style="background:Template:Party color;"|Musavat
— — [23]
Assumed temporary duties of president until the national elections in 1992.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Party color; color:white"| 2 Abulfaz Elchibey
Template:Langx
(1938–2000)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		17 June 1992 24 June 1993 Template:Age in years and days style="background:Template:Party color;"|Azerbaijani Popular Front Party 2. Elçibəy I 1992 [24]
Among the Soviet republics the Russian army was first withdrawn from AzerbaijanScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; The national currency of Azerbaijan was put into circulationScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; State Treasure Foundation was establishedScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Entrance examinations to the high and vocational educational was held with test method for the first timeScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; The foundation of private institutions in the education field was permittedScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; The passage to the Latin alphabetScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Founded the SOCARScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".; Re-established Azerbaijani Armed Forces; Operation Goranboy.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
– File:Heydar Aliyev (crop).jpg Heydar Aliyev
Template:Langx
(1923–2003)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		24 June 1993 10 October 1993 Script error: No such module "age". days rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color;"|New Azerbaijan Party 3. H.Əliyev II —
rowspan="2" style="background:Template:Party color; color:white" | 3 10 October 1993 31 October 2003 Template:Age in years and days 1993
1998 		[25]
Founded the YAP; Heydar Aliyev's cult of personality; Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline; South Caucasus Pipeline; 1994 Baku Metro bombings. Survived coup attempt in 1995.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Party color; color:white"| 4 File:Ilham Aliyev 2022 (cropped).jpg Ilham Aliyev
Template:Langx
(born 1961)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		31 October 2003 Incumbent Template:Age in years and days style="background:Template:Party color;"|New Azerbaijan Party 6. İ.Əliyev I 2003
2008
2013
2018
2024 		[26]
Azerbaijan was elected as a non-permanent member to United Nations Security Council; foiled 2007 Baku terrorist plot; Azerbaijan State Oil Academy shooting; 2010 Mardakert skirmishes; 2011 Azerbaijani protests; Eurovision Song Contest 2012; 2013 Baku protests; 2014 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes; 2014 Nagorno-Karabakh Mil Mi-24 shootdown; 2015 European Games; 2016 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes; Baku City Circuit; 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games; 2020 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes; 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-KarabakhScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Timeline

<timeline>ImageSize=width:1150 height:auto barincrement:15 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:150 left:20 AlignBars = late

Colors = 

 id:independent          value:gray(0.8)              legend:Independent
 id:Communist            value:rgb(1,0,0)             legend:Communist_Party_of_Azerbaijan
 id:Musavat              value:rgb(0.231,0.725,1)     legend:Musavat
 id:Popular_Front_Party  value:rgb(0.361,0.345,0.345) legend:Azerbaijani_Popular_Front_Party
 id:New_Azerbaijan_Party value:rgb(0,0.459,0.757)     legend:New_Azerbaijan_Party

 id:liteline             value:gray(0.8)
 id:line                 value:rgb(0.3,0.3,0.3)
 id:bg                   value:white

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1990 till:31/12/2027 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:2 start:1990 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:1990

Legend = columns:1 left:110 top:37 columnwidth:220

Define $now = 12/05/2026

TextData = 

 pos:(20,37) textcolor:black fontsize:s
 text:"Political Affiliation:"

BarData = 

 bar:Mutallibov
 bar:Mammadov
 bar:Gambar
 bar:Elchibey
 bar:H.Aliyev
 bar:I.Aliyev

PlotData= 

 width:7 align:left fontsize:s shift:(5,-4) anchor:till

 bar:Mutallibov
  from: 18/05/1990 till: 06/03/1992 color:Communist  
  from: 14/05/1992 till: 18/05/1992 color:Independent          text:"Ayaz Mutallibov"
 bar:Mammadov
  from: 06/03/1992 till: 14/05/1992 color:Independent          text:"Yagub Mammandov"
 bar:Gambar
  from: 18/05/1992 till: 17/06/1992 color:Musavat              text:"Isa Gambar"
 bar:Elchibey
  from: 17/06/1992 till: 24/06/1993 color:Popular_Front_Party  text:"Abulfaz Elchibey"
 bar:H.Aliyev
  from: 24/06/1993 till: 21/11/1993 color:Independent         
  from: 21/11/1993 till: 31/10/2003 color:New_Azerbaijan_Party text:"Heydar Aliyev"
 bar:I.Aliyev
  from: 31/10/2003 till: $now       color:New_Azerbaijan_Party text:"Ilham Aliyev"</timeline>

Latest election

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{{#section-h:2024 Azerbaijani presidential election|Results}}

See also

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References

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  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ OSCE Office in Baku
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Republic of Azerbaijan - Special State Protection Service Template:Webarchive
  21. ↑ Heydar Aliyev's Heritage International Online Library: Speech by President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Heydar Aliyev, the High Chief in a ceremony marking the 5th anniversary of the founding of the National Guard - National Guard headquarters in Azerbaijan, 25 December 1996 Template:Webarchive Template:In lang
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Template:In lang "Les liaisons dangereuses de la police turque" Template:Webarchive, Le Monde diplomatique, March 1997
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

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External links

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