Axle load
Template:Short description The axle load of a wheeled vehicle is the total weight bearing on the roadway for all wheels connected to a given axle. Axle load is an important design consideration in the engineering of roadways and railways, as both are designed to tolerate a maximum weight-per-axle (axle load); exceeding the maximum rated axle load will cause damage to the roadway or railway tracks.
Railway use
On railways, a given section of tracks is designed to support a maximum axle load. The maximum axle load is determined by train speeds, weight of rails, density of sleepers and fixtures, amount and standard of ballast, and strength of bridges and earthworks. Higher operating speeds can be achieved by reducing axle loads and increased load-carrying capacity. Operating above the specified load can cause catastrophic failure of track components.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". The diameter of the wheels also affects the maximum axle load of a Talgo RD wagon.
United Kingdom
The standard rail weight for British railways is now Script error: No such module "convert".. Before the 1990s, most diesel locomotives were built to a maximum axle load of Script error: No such module "convert". so the maximum locomotive weight was Script error: No such module "convert". for a four-axle locomotive and Script error: No such module "convert". for a six-axle one. Higher axle loads are now permitted, e.g. the Class 67 locomotive is a four-axle machine weighing Script error: No such module "convert"., giving Script error: No such module "convert". on each axle.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Australia
The Fortescue railway uses Script error: No such module "convert". rail on concrete sleepers and has a maximum axle load of Script error: No such module "convert"., which since 2008[update]Template:Dated maintenance category (articles)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". was the highest axle load of any railway in the world.[1] In 2011, it was proposed to increase the axle load of the railway to Script error: No such module "convert"..[2]Template:Update inline[3]
Kenya
In 2022, sixteen new metre-gauge locomotives were supplied by CRRC with axleloads of 12.5 tonnes, 14 tonnes, and 18 tonnes respectively.
Bridge loading
Bridges may have to carry several locomotives or wagons at the same time. especially on longer spans; in that case they require separate calculation of maximum allowable axle load. A weak bridge may limit the axle load of the full line. Theodore Cooper developed the E10 loading system for calculating the strength of bridges.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Roadway use
Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote". The term axle load is also applicable to trucks, and this context is made more complex by some trucks having more than two wheels per axle. The axle load remains the same, but the load borne by the individual wheels is reduced by having more contact area (more wheels, larger tires, lower tire pressure) to distribute the load.[4]
See also
References
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- ↑ FMG Axle load
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External links
- Managing rail degradation on the Malmbanan, Thomas Nordmark and Dr Per-Olof Larsson-Kraik, Railway Gazette International June 2007.