Aubin, Aveyron
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Aubin (Script error: No such module "IPA".; Languedocien: Aubinh) is a commune in the Aveyron department in the Occitanie of southern France.
Geography
Aubin is located some 20 km south-east of Figeac and immediately south of Decazeville. Access to the commune is by road D 5 from Viviez in the north-west which passes through the centre of the commune and the town and continues south to Montbazens. The D221 goes from the town north to Decazeville. The D 11 goes east from the town to Cransac. The minor D 513 road branches off the D 5 on the north-western border of the commune and goes east through the north of the commune to Firmi. The Capdenac-Gare to Rodez railway line passes through the commune and there is a station at the town: Aubin station. Apart from the town there are the hamlets and villages of Severac, Ruffies, Cerons, La Croix du Broual, Combes, Tramons, Ruau, Les Escabrins, and Saugiere. The commune is mixed forest and farmland with significant sized urban areas.[2]
The Riou Morte flows through the north-eastern corner of the commune as it flows north-west before turning west at Decazeville. The Enne river flows through the commune and the town from the east and continues north-west to join the Riou Morte at Viviez. The Ruisseau du Banel flows from the east north of the village and joins the Enne on the north-western border of the commune.[2]
History
Classical Antiquity
Lucien Mazars, an author of numerous books on local history, wrote in Aubin; its history, from its origins to the Revolution of 1789: "tradition [says] that Aubin, which bore the name Albin until the end of the 18th century, was founded by the Roman General Declus Clodius Albinus or in his honour". However, General Albinus did not exercise the functions of a legate in Gaul but rather in Roman Britain. His control of Gaul was probably too short to be able to found a town.
Middle Ages
Fort Aubin initially served as a fortress and then was occupied during the Middle Ages by the Lords of Rouergue. The town became the center of important coal mines, and also had iron mines.[3]
Contemporary era
The commune was the capital of the District of Aubin from 1790 to 1800.
In October 1869 soldiers fired on a demonstration of miners killing 14 and injuring 20.[4] This was the second strike in the Second Empire after the one in June 1869 at La Ricamarie.[5] Captain Bernard Gosseran who gave the order to fire on strikers was later made a chevalier of the Legion of Honour. This tragedy inspired the Ode à la Misère (Ode to Misery)[Note 1] and the Aubin[6] poems to Victor Hugo.
Aubin railway station on the Capdenac-Gare to Rodez line opened in 1858.
Heraldry
Administration
List of Successive Mayors[7]
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| From | To | Name |
|---|---|---|
| 1790 | 1791 | Jacques Rouch Labraguiere |
| 1791 | 1792 | Antoine de Lalande |
| 1792 | 1794 | Joseph Domergue |
| 1794 | 1794 | Joseph Alary |
| 1794 | 1795 | Joseph Domergue |
| 1795 | 1796 | Dominique Lalande |
| 1796 | 1796 | Jean-Jacques Descrozaille |
| 1796 | 1799 | Jean-Baptiste Bessiere |
| 1799 | 1800 | Dominique Lalande |
| 1800 | 1813 | Jean-Jacques Descrozaille |
| 1813 | 1844 | Brassat Saint-Parthem |
| 1844 | 1848 | Eugène Alary |
| 1848 | 1870 | Auguste Maruejouls |
| 1870 | 1871 | Adolphe Segala |
| 1871 | 1872 | Auguste Maruejouls |
| 1872 | 1881 | Charles Coince |
| 1881 | 1894 | Henri Descrozaille |
| 1894 | 1900 | Jean Barbau |
| 1900 | 1904 | Henri Descrozaille |
| 1904 | 1924 | Jules Cabrol |
| 1924 | 1935 | Albert Maurs |
| 1935 | 1939 | Edmond Ginestet |
- Mayors from 1939
| From | To | Name | Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1939 | 1944 | Prosper Vergnes | |
| 1944 | 1944 | Jean Nicot | |
| 1944 | 1963 | Edmond Ginestet | |
| 1963 | 1965 | Jean Martin | |
| 1965 | 1971 | René Gres | |
| 1971 | 1989 | Lucien Mazars | |
| 1989 | 1995 | Robert Debuchy | |
| 1995 | 2008 | Pierre Beffre | PS |
| 2008 | 2020 | André Martinez | |
| 2020 | 2022 | Laurent Alexandre | |
| 2022 | 2024 | Michel Baert | |
| 2024 | 2026 | Christine Teulier |
Demography
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Aubinois in French.[8]
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Culture and heritage
Civil heritage
The commune has two buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
- 2 Factory Chimneys (1847)Template:Mérimée Icon[9]
- The Jules Ferry du Gua School (1876).Template:Mérimée Icon[10] Designed by Emmanuel Brune and built between 1876 and 1880. It is 59 metres long and 12 metres wide built on a terrace overlooking the small houses which make up the suburb of Gua.
- The Town Hall contains several items that are registered as historical objects:
- A Statue: Maid of Honour at the Court of Francis I (1870)Template:Palissy Icon[11]
- A Painting with frame: Miners of the Saar (1950)Template:Palissy Icon[12]
- A Painting with frame: Unnamed abstract (1973)Template:Palissy Icon[13]
- A Painting with frame: Confidences (1950)Template:Palissy Icon[14]
- Other sites of interest
- The Departmental House of Memory: Museum of resistance, deportation, and citizenship
- The Museum of Mines
Religious heritage
The commune has several religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:
- The Church of Notre-Dame-des-Mines (1942).Template:Mérimée Icon[15] The Church also contains many items that are registered as historical objects:
- A set of monumental paintings: Resurrection and Appearance of Christ, Ascension of Christ, Crowning of the Virgin (20th century)Template:Palissy Icon[16]
- A painting: Wayside Cross (1952)Template:Palissy Icon[17]
- A set of monumental paintings: Virgin and Child, Calvary and episodes of life of miners, Saint Famille (1951)Template:Palissy Icon[18]
- A set of monumental paintings and Wayside Cross: Cycle of the Passion of Christ, Episodes of life of miners (1951, 1952)Template:Palissy Icon[19]
- The Church of Saint-Blaise (1486).Template:Mérimée Icon[20] The Church also contains many items that are registered as historical objects:
- A Statue: Virgin and Child (16th century)Template:Palissy Icon[21]
- A Group Sculpture: The Resurrection (15th century)Template:Palissy Icon[22]
- A Statue: Christ on the Cross (12th century)Template:Palissy Icon[23]
- A Group Sculpture: The Baptism of Christ (15th century)Template:Palissy Icon[24]
- A Baptismal font (13th century)Template:Palissy Icon[25]
- A Consecration Cross (12th century)Template:Palissy Icon[26]
- An Altar (12th century)Template:Palissy Icon[27]
- The Church of Gua (1865)Template:Mérimée Icon[28]
Facilities
Sports
- The Étoile Sportive de Combes, a football club since 1921.[29]
Notable people linked to the commune
- François Cogné, sculptor.
- Marie-Claire Bancquart, university professor, writer and poet, born in Aubin in 1932.
- Serge Mesonès, French footballer, born in 1948, died in 2001 at Aubin.
- Lilian Bathelot, novelist, author, born at Aubin in 1959.
-
François Cogné in 1931.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
-
Marie-Claire Bancquart in 2010.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
-
Lilian Bathelot in 2010.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
See also
Bibliography
- Lucien Mazars, Aubin, its history from its origins to the Revolution of 1789, L. Mazars, Aubin, 1982, 119 pages, Cov. ill., ill., 22 cm, Template:BnF Template:In lang
- Lucien Mazars, Mining Land, Aubin-Decazeville basin, Fil d'Ariane, Rodez, 1999, 285 pages, ill., cov. ill., 22 cm, Template:ISBN, BnF 36978991r Template:In lang
- Lucien Mazars and Francis Mazars, Mining Land in pictures, Decazeville-Aubin basin, Association des amis du Musée de la mine Lucien Mazars, Aubin, 2009, 265 pages, ill. in b&w and colour., cov. ill., 24 cm, Template:ISBN, BnF 41491412h Template:In lang
- Madeleine Raygade-Panassié, Memories of Combes, coal and fire country, Association des amis du Musée du Rouergue, Rodez, 1994, 99 pages, ill., cov. ill., 24 cm, BnF 366921465 Template:In lang
- Christian-Pierre Bedel, preface by Pierre Beffre, Aubinh, Cransac, Firmin, Vivièrs / Christian-Pierre Bedel e los estatjants del canton d'Aubinh, Al canton collection, Mission départementale de la culture, Rodez, 1998, 247 pages, ill., cov. ill., 28 cm, Template:ISBN, ISSN 1151-8375, BnF 36708370b Template:In lang
- Michel Girval, Aubin, Le Gua, Combes in the time of old postcards, Amicale laïque et républicaine de la commune d'Aubin, Aubin, 1999, 200 pages, ill., cov. ill. in colour, 30 cm, Template:ISBN, BnF 37038703v Template:In lang
- Engineer Senez, Aubin - Geological Map of the coal basin of Aubin (Aveyron) made in 1840, Cartographic Manuscript Document, s.n., s.l., 1840, 1 flle: ms., 40x48 cm, BnF 407204575 Template:In lang See online
- Marie-Line Montbroussous, History of a successful integration, the Spaniards in the Decazeville basin, Éd. du Rouergue, Rodez, 1995, 199 pages, ill., cov. ill., 23 cm, Template:ISBN, BnF 36685891f Template:In lang
- Gérard Pertus and Michel Herranz, Basin of Decazeville, Aubin, Cransac, Firmi, Viviez, factories and metalworkers. Vol. 1, Association de sauvegarde du patrimoine industriel du Bassin de Decazeville, Decazeville, 2010, 238 pages, ill., cov. ill., 31 cm, Template:ISBN, BnF 42307098h Template:In lang
- Gérard Pertus and Michel Herranz, Basin of Decazeville, Aubin, Cransac, Firmi, Viviez, factories and metalworkers. Vol. 2, Association de sauvegarde du patrimoine industriel du Bassin de Decazeville, Decazeville, 2012, 237 pages, ill., cov. ill., 31 cm, Template:ISBN, BnF 43520392g Template:In lang
- Gérard Pertus and Michel Herranz, Mines and miners, Decazeville basin: Aubin, Cransac, Firmi, Viviez, Association de sauvegarde du patrimoine industriel du Bassin de Decazeville, Decazeville, 2008, 211 pages, ill., cov. ill., 31 cm, Template:ISBN, BnF 41420313w Template:In lang
- Gérard Pertus and Michel Herranz, Mine Pits, Decazeville basin: Aubin, Cransac, Firmi, Viviez, Association de sauvegarde du patrimoine industriel du Bassin de Decazeville, Decazeville, 2007, 117 pages, ill., cov. ill., 31 cm Template:ISBN, BnF 411843247 Template:In lang
- Christian-Pierre Bedel, preface Pierre Beffre, Aubinh, Cransac, Firmin, Vivièrs / Christian-Pierre Bedel e los estatjants del canton d'Aubinh, Rodez, Mission départementale de la culture, 1998, Al canton coll., 247 pages, ill., cov. ill., 28 cm, Template:ISBN, ISSN 1151-8375, BnF 36708370 Template:In lang
External links
- Aubin official website Template:In lang
- Church of Notre-Dame website Template:In lang
- Aubin on the old IGN website Template:In lang
- The Miner on the sculptor's website Template:In lang
- Aubin on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website Template:In lang
- Albin on the 1750 Cassini Map
Notes and references
Notes
- ↑ The poem in the original French:<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
" - Quel âge as-tu ? - Seize ans.
- De quel pays es-tu ? D'Aubin.
- N'est-ce pas là, dis-moi, qu'on s'est battu?
On ne s'est pas battu, l'on a tué.
- La mine Prospérait.
- Quel était son produit ? - La famine.
Oui, je sais, le mineur vit sous terre, et n'a rien.
Avec la nuit de plus, il est galérien.
- Mais toi, faisais-tu donc ce travail, jeune fille ?
- Avec tout mon village et toute ma famille,
Oui. Pour chaque hottée on me donnait un sou.
Mon grand-père était mort, tué du feu grisou.
Mon petit frère était boiteux d'un coup de pierre.
Nous étions tous mineurs, lui, mon père, ma mère,
Moi. L'ouvrage était dur, le chef n'était pas bon.
Comme on manquait de pain, on mâchait du charbon.
Aussi, vous le voyez, monsieur, je suis très maigre;
Ce qui me fait du tort - Le mineur, c'est le nègre.
Hélas, oui ! - Dans la mine on descend, on descend.
On travaille à genoux dans le puits. C'est glissant.
Il pleut, quoiqu'on n'ait pas de ciel. On est sous l'arche
D'un caveau bas, et tant qu'on peut marcher, on marche;
Après on rampe; on est dans une eau noire; il faut
Étayer le plafond, s'il a quelque défaut;
La mort fait un grand bruit quand tout à coup elle entre;
C'est comme le tonnerre. On se couche à plat ventre.
Ceux qui ne sont pas morts se relèvent. Pas d'air.
Chaque sape est un trou dont un homme est le ver.
Quand la veine est en long, c'est bien; quand elle est droite,
Alors la tâche est rude et la sape est étroite :
On sue, on gèle, on tousse; on a chaud, on a froid.
On n'est pas sûr si c'est vivant tout ce qu'on voit.
Sitôt qu'on est sous terre on devient des fantômes.
Les pauvres paysans qui vivent sous les chaumes
Respirent du moins l'air des cieux. On étouffait.
- Pourquoi ne pas vous plaindre aussi ? - Nous l'avons fait.
Nous avons demandé, ne croyant pas déplaire,
Un peu moins de travail, un peu plus de salaire.
- Et l'on vous a donné, quoi ? - Des coups de fusil.
Je m'en souviens, le maître a froncé le sourcil.
Mon père est mort frappé d'une balle. - Et ta mère ?
- Folle. - Et tu n'as plus rien ? - Si. J'ai mon petit frère.
Il est infirme… "
Victor Hugo,Ode à la Misère
References
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ Georges Soria, Grand History of the Commune, Édition du centenaire 1971, T.I p.126 Template:In lang
- ↑ Henri Guillemin, The coming of Mr. Thiers, Édition Utovie Template:In lang
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- ↑ List of Mayors of France Template:In lang
- ↑ Le nom des habitants du 12 - Aveyron, habitants.fr
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- ↑ Ministry of Culture, Palissy Template:Palissy Template:In langTemplate:Camera
- ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée Template:Mérimée Template:In lang
- ↑ Étoile sportive de Combes website Template:Webarchive Template:In lang
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