Aster (genus)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Asters)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short descriptionScript error: No such module "Distinguish".Template:Use dmy dates Template:Automatic taxobox

Aster is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. Its circumscription has been narrowed, and it now encompasses around 170 species, all but one of which are restricted to Eurasia; many species formerly in Aster are now in other genera of the tribe Astereae. Aster amellus is the type species of the genus and the family Asteraceae.[1]

The name Aster comes from the Ancient Greek word Script error: No such module "Lang". (Template:Translit), meaning 'star', referring to the shape of the flower head. Many species, varieties, and hybrids, sometimes known as Michaelmas daisies for their late blooming, are popular as garden plants because of their attractive and colourful flowers. 'Aster' species are used as food plants by the larvae of a number of Lepidoptera species.

Circumscription

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

File:Aster flower.jpg
Multi layer petals Aster flower

The genus Aster once contained nearly 600 species in Eurasia and North America, but after morphologic and molecular research on the genus during the 1990s, it was decided that the North American species are better treated in a series of other related genera. After this split there are roughly 180 species within the genus, all but one being confined to Eurasia.[2]

The New World species have now been reclassified in the genera Almutaster, Canadanthus, Doellingeria, Eucephalus, Eurybia, Ionactis, Oligoneuron, Oreostemma, Sericocarpus and Symphyotrichum, though all are treated within the same tribe, Astereae. The "China aster" is in the related genus Callistephus. Regardless of the taxonomic change, most are still widely referred to as "asters", or "Michaelmas daisies", because of their typical blooming period.

Species

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

File:Aster-alpinus.JPG
Aster alpinus is the only species of Aster (sensu stricto) that is native to North America; it is found in mountains across the Northern Hemisphere.

Plants of the World Online accepts 186 species as of August 2024.[3] The species formerly known as Aster tripolium (sea aster) is now Tripolium pannonicum. The species formerly known as Aster linosyris (goldilocks) is now Galatella linosyris. Many species and a variety of hybrids and varieties are popular as garden plants because of their beautiful, attractive and colourful flowers. Aster species are used as food plants by the larvae of a number of Lepidoptera species. Asters can grow in all hardiness zones.

Selected species:

<templatestyles src="Div col/styles.css"/>

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Aster ageratoides Turcz.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – rough-surface aster
  • Aster alpinus L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – alpine aster
  • Aster altaicus Willd.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Aster amellus L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – European Michaelmas daisy, Italian aster
  • Aster arenarius (Kitam.) NemotoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – beach-sand aster
  • Aster bellidiastrum (L.) Scop.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Aster formosanus HayataScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Aster glehnii F.SchmidtScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Ulleungdo aster
  • Aster hayatae H.Lév. & VaniotScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Korean montane aster
  • Aster hispidus Thunb.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[4]
  • Aster iinumae Kitam.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – perennial false aster
  • Aster incisus Fisch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – incised-leaf aster
  • Aster lautureanus (Debeaux) Franch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – connected aster, mountain aster
  • Aster maackii RegelScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Maack's aster
  • Aster neoelegans GriersonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Aster quitensis Willd. ex Spreng.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". (unplaced)
  • Aster spathulifolius Maxim.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – seashore spatulate aster
  • Aster tataricus L.f.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". – Tatarian aster, Tatarinow's aster
  • Aster tonglingensis G.J.Zhang & T.G.GaoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".[5]
  • Aster tongolensis Franch.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Aster yomena (Kitam.) HondaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".


Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

Phytochemical Profile

  1. Flavonoids: These are commonly found in Asters and are known for their antioxidant properties. They may also impart color to the petals.
  2. Terpenoids: These could be responsible for the fragrance of some Aster flowers and are often studied for their potential medicinal properties.[6]
  3. Saponins: These phytochemicals create frothy solutions when agitated in water and have potential antimicrobial properties.
  4. Alkaloids: Though less common in Asters, if present, they could provide a range of bioactivities, including potential toxicity.
  5. Phenolic Compounds: These include tannins and other polyphenolic substances, which may contribute to the plant's defense mechanisms.[7]

Hybrids and cultivars

Those marked <templatestyles src="smallcaps/styles.css"/>agm have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

  • Aster × frikartii (A. amellus × A. thomsonii) Frikart's aster[8]
    • Aster × frikartii 'Mönch' <templatestyles src="smallcaps/styles.css"/>agm[9]
    • A. × frikartii 'Wunder von Stäfa' <templatestyles src="smallcaps/styles.css"/>agm[10]
  • 'Kylie' (A. novae-angliae 'Andenken an Alma Pötschke' × A. ericoides 'White Heather')[11]
  • 'Ochtendgloren' <templatestyles src="smallcaps/styles.css"/>agm[12] (A. pringlei hybrid)
  • 'Photograph' <templatestyles src="smallcaps/styles.css"/>agm[13]

In history

The Hungarian revolution of 31 October 1918, became known as the "Aster Revolution" due to protesters in Budapest wearing this flower.[14]

In culture

One of the few flowers left around Michaelmas in the British Isles is the Michaelmas daisy (another name for asters), hence the rhyme: "The Michaelmas daisies, among dead weeds, Bloom for St Michael's valorous deeds..."[15]

In the UK, national collections of asters are held at Old Court Nurseries and Picton Garden in Colwall, near Malvern, Worcestershire.[16] and at Upton House, Warwickshire.[17]

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". in Flora of North America.
  3. ↑ Cite error: Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".Script error: No such module "Namespace detect".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Taxonbar Template:Authority control

Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Aster_(genus)&oldid=3229080"