Beta1 Sagittarii

Beta¹ Sagittarii

Diagram showing star positions and boundaries of the Sagittarius constellation and its surroundings File:Cercle rouge 100%.svg Location of β1 Sagittarii (circled)
Observation data Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation	Sagittarius
Right ascension	Template:RA
Declination	Template:DEC
Apparent magnitude (V)	+4.01
Characteristics
Spectral type	B9 V + A5 V
U−B Template:Engvar	−0.39
B−V Template:Engvar	−0.10
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)	Template:Val km/s
Proper motion (μ)	RA: +13.67 mas/yr Dec.: −19.03 mas/yr
Parallax (π)	10.40±1.14 mas
Distance	approx. Template:Rnd ly (approx. Template:Rnd pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)	−1.32
Details
β1 Sgr A
Mass	Template:Val Template:Solar mass
Radius	2.73 Template:Solar radius
Luminosity	324 Template:Solar luminosity
Surface gravity (log g)	3.83 cgs
Temperature	11,960 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]	−0.35 dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)	Template:Val km/s
Age	224 Myr
β1 Sgr B
Radius	1.89 Template:Solar radius
Metallicity [Fe/H]	{{{metal_fe2}}} dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)	Template:Val km/s
Other designations
Template:Odlist
Database references
SIMBAD	data

Beta¹ Sagittarii, Latinized from β¹ Sagittarii, is a binary star system in the zodiac constellation of Sagittarius, next to the southern constellation border with Telescopium. The brighter primary is named Arkab Prior Template:IPAc-en, the traditional name of the system. It is visible to the naked eye with a combined apparent visual magnitude of +4.01. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 10.40 mas as seen from Earth, it is located roughly 310 light-years from the Sun. At Beta¹ Sagittarii's distance, the visual magnitude is diminished by an extinction factor of 0.17 due to interstellar dust.

The pair of stars that constitute this system have an angular separation of 28.3 arc seconds, with an estimated physical separation of about 3,290 AU. The primary, Beta¹ Sagittarii A, is a B-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of B9 V. It is about 95% of the way through its lifespan on the main sequence. The star has around 3.7 times the mass of the Sun and 2.7 times the Sun's radius. It is an estimated 224 million years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 85 km/s. The star is radiating 324 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 11,960 K.

The companion, Beta¹ Sagittarii B, is a magnitude 7.4 A-type main sequence star with a class of A5 V. It has 1.89 times the radius of the Sun and may be spinning faster than the primary with a projected rotational velocity of 140 km/s.

Nomenclature

β¹ Sagittarii (Latinised to Beta¹ Sagittarii) is the system's Bayer designation. The designations of the two components as Beta¹ Sagittarii A and B derive from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog (WMC) for multiple star systems, and adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).

In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Arkab Prior for Beta¹ Sagittarii on 5 October 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names. For such names relating to members of multiple star systems, and where a component letter (from e.g. Washington Double Star Catalog) is not explicitly listed, the WGSN says that the name should be understood to be attributed to the brightest component by visual brightness.

In Chinese, (), meaning Celestial Spring, refers to an asterism consisting of Beta¹ Sagittarii, Beta² Sagittarii and Alpha Sagittarii. Consequently, the Chinese name for Beta¹ Sagittarii itself is (, Template:Langx.)