Ambala district

Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use Indian English Template:Template other Ambala district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana state in the country of India with Ambala town serving as the administrative headquarters of the district. District Ambala lies on the North-Eastern edge of Haryana and borders Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. Ambala district is a part of Ambala Division.

History

Ambala district was gradually annexed by the British in several stages, with different parts coming under their control over time.

In 1809, the Cis-Sutlej States came under the protection of the British By Treaty of Amritsar. At that time, the estate of Ambala was governed by Daya Kaur, the widow of Sardar Gurbakhsh Singh, who had passed away in 1783.

In 1808, Daya Kaur was briefly removed from control by Ranjit Singh, but she was reinstated by General Ochterlony. When she died in 1823, the estate came under British administration, and Ambala was designated as the residence of the Political Agent overseeing the Cis-Sutlej States. while its Jagadhari area was annexed later, in 1829 from its sardar. Until First Anglo-Sikh War whole district came under direct control of British company. in 1849 District transfer to Punjab Province along with Cis-Sutlej states.

Divisions

File:Ambala-Kos Minar.jpg

Kos Minar near Ambala along Grand Trunk Road in Haryana

This district falls under the Ambala Lok Sabha constituency, which is a reserved for the Scheduled Caste candidates only. This district also has four Vidhan Sabha constituencies, all of which are part of Ambala Lok Sabha constituency. Those are Ambala City, Ambala Cantt, Mulana and Naraingarh.

Administration of this district falls under the Ambala division and law and order falls under the Ambala Police Range. The district administration has two sub-divisions, Ambala and Naraingarh. District is further subdivided into 4 community development blocks and 7 revenue tehsils. Community development blocks are Ambala, Ambala Cantt, Barara and Naraingarh. Tehsils are Ambala, Ambala Cantt, Barara, Mullana, Saha, Shahzadpur and Naraingarh.

Economy

Located in the Indo-Gangetic Plain, the land is generally fertile and conducive to agriculture. However, primary sector contributes much lesser to the economy of the district than it does to the economy of Haryana. Small scale industries form the bulk of the industrial landscape in the district. It is one of the largest producers of scientific and surgical instruments in the country and home to a large number of scientific instrument manufacturers due to which it is also referred as Science City.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census, Ambala district had a population of 1,128,350 roughly equal to the nation of Cyprus or the US state of Rhode Island. It ranks 410th (out of a total of 640) in India in terms of population. The district has a population density of . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 11.23%. Ambala had a sex ratio of 885 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 81.75%. Scheduled Castes make up 26.25% of the population.

Religion

Religion in Ambala district

Religious group	2011
	Pop.	%
Hinduism File:Om.svg	955,096
Sikhism File:Khanda.svg	138,202
Islam File:Star and Crescent.svg	22,143
Christianity File:Christian cross.svg	3,705
Others	9,204
Total Population	1,128,350

Population trends for major religious groups in Ambala district (1941–1961, 2001–2011)

Religious group	Population % 1941	Population % 1951	Population % 1961	Population % 2001	Population % 2011
Hinduism	48.68%	72.20%	71.45%	84.40%	84.65%
Islam	31.73%	2.40%	—	1.70%	1.96%
Sikhism	18.47%	24.60%	24.83%	13.06%	12.25%
Christianity	0.72%	—	—	0.28%	0.33%
Jainism	0.36%	—	—	0.52%	0.43%
Buddhism	0.02%	—	—	0.02%	0.03%
Other / No religion	0.04%	0.8%	3.73%	0.01%	0.35%

Religious groups in Ambala District (British Punjab province era)

Religious group	1881		1891		1901		1911		1921		1931		1941
	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
Hinduism File:Om.svgTemplate:Efn	689,612		630,857		510,105		380,592		370,125		346,809		412,658
Islam File:Star and Crescent.svg	304,123		300,856		240,710		205,203		205,750		230,837		268,999
Sikhism File:Khanda.svg	68,442		93,679		58,073		94,471		97,614		155,555		156,543
Christianity File:Christian cross.svg	3,773		5,204		4,362		7,483		5,679		7,141		6,065
Jainism File:Jain Prateek Chihna.svg	1,307		2,823		2,614		2,187		2,272		2,550		3,065
Zoroastrianism File:Faravahar.svg	6		7		14		34		30		2		48
Buddhism File:Dharma Wheel (2).svg	0		0		0		0		5		6		146
Judaism File:Star of David.svg	—	—	0		2		0		1		2		4
Others	0		1		0		0		1		0		217
Total population	1,067,263		1,033,427		815,880		689,970		681,477		742,902		847,745
Note: British Punjab province era district borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to district borders — which since created new districts — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.

Religion in the Tehsils of Ambala District (1921)

Tehsil	Hinduism File:Om.svg		Islam File:Star and Crescent.svg		Sikhism File:Khanda.svg		Christianity File:Christian cross.svg		Jainism File:Jain Prateek Chihna.svg		OthersTemplate:Efn		Total
	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
Ambala Tehsil	105,591		66,681		11,777		2,582		1,260		35		187,926
Kharar Tehsil	68,950		29,977		41,844		1,884		239		0		142,894
Jagadhri Tehsil	83,749		38,874		3,683		160		237		1		126,704
Naraingargh Tehsil	73,201		31,384		2,610		257		346		0		107,798
Rupar Tehsil	38,634		38,834		37,700		797		190		0		116,155
Note: British Punjab province era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.

Religion in the Tehsils of Ambala District (1941)

Tehsil	Hinduism File:Om.svgTemplate:Efn		Islam File:Star and Crescent.svg		Sikhism File:Khanda.svg		Christianity File:Christian cross.svg		Jainism File:Jain Prateek Chihna.svg		OthersTemplate:Efn		Total
	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
Ambala Tehsil	122,627		90,637		18,504		1,341		1,894		1,028		236,031
Kharar Tehsil	63,817		39,156		68,508		1,184		317		532		173,514
Jagadhri Tehsil	102,825		47,856		4,154		669		241		28		155,773
Naraingargh Tehsil	88,490		38,950		3,530		247		281		0		131,498
Rupar Tehsil	34,899		52,400		61,847		1,451		332		0		150,929
Note1: British Punjab province era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases. Note2: Tehsil religious breakdown figures for Christianity only includes local Christians, labelled as "Indian Christians" on census. Does not include Anglo-Indian Christians or British Christians, who were classified under "Other" category.

Languages

Hindi (In Devanagri Script) is the official languages and thus used for official communication. At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 84.57% of the population in the district spoke Hindi, 10.95% Punjabi and 2.72% Haryanvi as their first language.

Language	1911	1921	1931	1961	1991	2001	2011
Hindi	3.50%	5.45%	—	66.72%	87.87%	85.26%	84.57%
Punjabi	35.71%	40.91%	36.12%	30.48%	10.93%	13.15%	10.96%
Urdu	—	53.05%	—	—	0.19%	0.11%	0.11%
Hindustani	56.39%	—	60.58%	—	—	—	—
Pahadi	3.10%	0.07%	2.62%	0.23%	—	—	—
Haryanvi	—	—	—	—	—	—	2.72%
Other	1.30%	0.52%	0.62%	~2.57%	1.00%	1.48%	1.64
During the British era district included Kharar and Ropar tehsils. In the 1961 Census, Ambala district comprised the tehsils of Ropar, Kharar, and Nalagarh which added into district in nearby 1956. After the enactment of the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966, Ambala became part of Haryana, and the 282 villages from Kharar and Ropar were transferred to Punjab and Nalagarth to Himachal. By the time of the 1971 Census, Ambala district included only four tehsils: Ambala, Jagadhri, Naraingarh, and Kalka. Kalka tehsil included 153 villages that had been transferred from Kharar tehsil to Haryana. Later censuses did not include the Panchkula and Yamuna nagar area under Ambala district, as Panchkula was carved out as a separate district in 1995 and Yamuna nagar in 1989.

Cities, towns, villages, and other communities

• Ambala (city)
• Ambala Cantonment (city)
• Shahzadpur (town)
• Naraingarh (city)
• Kurali
• Harbon
• Barara (town)
• Saha
• Badhauli (village)
• Mullana (town)
• Kardhan (urban village)
• Sountli (village)

Notable people

• Abdullah Sahib, a Gilgit Agency Governor

External links

• Ambala district official website

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