Alcyone (Pleiad)
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Alcyone (Template:IPAc-en; Template:Langx), in Greek mythology, was the name of one of the Pleiades, daughters of Atlas and Pleione or, more rarely, Aethra.[1] She attracted the attention of the god Poseidon and bore him several children, variously named in the sources: Hyrieus, Hyperenor, and Aethusa;[2] Hyperes and Anthas;[3] and Epopeus.[4][5] By a mortal, Anthedon, Alcyone became the mother of the fisherman Glaucus, who was later transformed into a marine god.[6]
Etymology
Alkyóne comes from alkyón (Script error: No such module "Lang".), which refers to a sea-bird with a mournful song[7] or to a kingfisher bird in particular.[8] The meaning(s) of the words is uncertain because alkyón is considered to be of pre-Greek, non-Indo-European origin.[9] However, folk etymology related them to the háls (Script error: No such module "Lang"., "brine, sea, salt") and kyéo (Script error: No such module "Lang"., "I conceive"). Alkyóne originally is written with a smooth breathing mark, but this false origin beginning with a rough breathing mark (transliterated as the letter H) led to the common misspellings halkyón (Script error: No such module "Lang".) and Halkyóne (Script error: No such module "Lang".),[10] and thus the name of one of the kingfisher bird genus' in English Halcyon. It is also speculated that Alkyóne is derived from alké (Script error: No such module "Lang"., "prowess, battle, guard") and onéo (Script error: No such module "Lang"., from Script error: No such module "Lang"., onínemi,[11] "to help, to please").[12]
| Relation | Names | Sources | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apollodorus | Ovid | Hyginus | Pausanias | Athenaeus | Clement | |||
| Parentage | Atlas and Pleione | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||
| Atlas and Aethra | ✓ | |||||||
| Consort | Poseidon | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Anthedon | ✓ | |||||||
| Children | Aethusa | ✓ | ||||||
| Hyrieus | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||
| Hyperenor | ✓ | |||||||
| Epopeus | ✓ | |||||||
| Hyperes | ✓ | |||||||
| Anthas | ✓ | |||||||
| Glaucus | ✓ | |||||||
Notes
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Apollodorus, 3.10.1
- ↑ Pausanias, 2.30.7
- ↑ Hyginus, Fabulae Preface, p. 11, ed. Staveren
- ↑ Ovid, Heroides 19.133
- ↑ Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 7
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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References
- Athenaeus of Naucratis. The Deipnosophists or Banquet of the Learned. London. Henry G. Bohn, York Street, Covent Garden. 1854. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Athenaeus of Naucratis. Deipnosophistae. Kaibel. In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri. Lipsiae. 1887. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Hyginus, Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- M. Grant and J. Hazel, Who's Who in Greek Mythology, David McKay and Co Inc, 1979
- Pausanias, Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
- Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio. 3 vols. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Apollodorus, The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
- Publius Ovidius Naso, The Epistles of Ovid. London. J. Nunn, Great-Queen-Street; R. Priestly, 143, High-Holborn; R. Lea, Greek-Street, Soho; and J. Rodwell, New-Bond-Street. 1813. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.