Scott Glacier (Transantarctic Mountains)

Template:Short description Template:Template other The Scott Glacier () is a major glacier, long, that drains the East Antarctic Ice Sheet through the Queen Maud Mountains to the Ross Ice Shelf.Template:Sfn The Scott Glacier is one of a series of major glaciers flowing across the Transantarctic Mountains, with the Amundsen Glacier to the west and the Leverett and Reedy glaciers to the east.

Geography

The Scott Glacier originates on the Antarctic Plateau in the vicinity of D'Angelo Bluff and Mount Howe, and descends between the Nilsen Plateau and the mountains of the Watson Escarpment to enter Ross Ice Shelf just west of the Tapley Mountains.Template:Sfn The Tapley Mountains, Watson Escarpment, Mount Blackburn, and the La Gorce Mountains bound the Scott Glacier on its eastern margin, while the Karo Hills, Hays Mountains, Faulkner Escarpment, and Rawson Mountains define the western edge of the Scott's drainage.

According to Sailing Directions for Antarctica (1960),"Eastward of the Amundsen Glacier the foothills are more nearly submerged beneath snow and ice, and show greater evidence of glacierization than those in the vicinity of the Axel Heiberg and Liv Glaciers. About 15 miles eastward of the Amundsen Glacier is the Robert Scott Glacier (Thorne Glacier), from 5 to 15 miles wide, trending in a north-south direction about 90 miles. Thorvald Nilsen Mountains (Mount Thorvald Nilsen) (86°W' S.,158°00' W.), a mountain massif of the Queen Maud Range, rise to elevations of about 13,000 feet and lie between the upper parts of the Scott and Amundsen Glaciers.Template:Sfn

The Will Hays Mountains (85°57' S., 155°20' W.) also in the Queen Maud Range, surmount the divide between the lower ends of these two glaciers. Mount Thorne rises to 6,000 feet in the Will Hays Mountains. Mount Weaver (86°57' S, 152°20' W.), about 10,000 feet high, marks the southern portal of the glacier at the polar plateau. Blackburn in 1934, found at Mount Weaver extensive coal beds and fossil tree section up to 18 inches in diameter.Template:Sfn

The eastern wall of the Robert Scott Glacier is marked by a series of isolated flat-topped mountains between which tributary glaciers drain from the polar plateau into the Thorne Valley. The eastern portal of the Robert Scott Glacier is marked by a detached land mass, about 30 miles long in a southeast-northwest direction. Southward of this massif is Albanus Glacier (Phillips Glacier), which flows westward and merges with the lower heights of Robert Scott Glacier. The Albanus Glacier and the Leverett Glacier bifurcate at the eastern extremity of the detached land mass in about 85°48' S., 146° W.Template:Sfn

History

Scott Glacier was discovered in December 1929 by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition geological party under Laurence Gould.Template:Sfn Scott Glacier was originally called Thorne Glacier.Template:Sfn The Scott Glacier was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) after early Antarctic explorer Robert Falcon Scott, who never saw the Scott Glacier but rather ascended the Beardmore Glacier to the west en route to the South Pole in 1911–12. It was first ski traversed in January 1990 by Martyn Williams (Canada, the leader and guide) and Jerry Corr (USA) traveling from the South Pole to the Ross Ice Shelf and then by Mike McDowell (Australia) in 1992, on a ski traverse from the South Pole to the coast. Thus Williams and Corr were the first people to traverse Antarctica under human power as described in the book The Snotsicle Traverse by Jerry Corr.

Course

Template:Geogroup The Scott Glacier forms on the Polar Plateau and flows north between Mount Wilbur and the Davis Hills. The Poulter Glacier enters from the left (west) to the north of Mount Innes-Taylor.Template:Sfn The Klein Glacier enters from the right (east) to the north of the David Hills.Template:Sfn The Robison Glacier enters from the right to the south of Mount Bowlin and the VanReeth Glacier enters from the right to the north of Mount Bowlin. The Scott Glacier flows past the Watson Escarpment to the east, from which the Howe Glacier and Griffith Glacier join it from the right.Template:Sfn

To the north of Mount Ruth, to the west of the Scott Glacier, the Bartlett Glacier joins from the left. Tributaries of the Bartlett Glacier include the Holdsworth Glacier and the Souchez Glacier.Template:Sfn Further north, the Scott Glacier flows past the Tapley Mountains to the east, from which it receives the Albanus Glacier and the Roe Glacier. From the Queen Maud Mountains to the west it receives the Vaughan Glacier. The Koerwitz Glacier flows beside the Scott Glacier then pulls away at Mount Salisbury in the Karo Hills.Template:Sfn

Head

File:C87138s1 Ant.Map D'Angelo Bluff.jpg

Head of Scott Glacier

The head of the Scott Glacier forms between the D'Angelo Bluff and Mount McIntyre to the west and Mount Howe to the east. The glacier flows north past Mount Early and Sunny Ridge to the west.Template:Sfn

D'Angelo Bluff

. A prominent north-facing rock bluff, long, trending westward from Mount Mclntyre. The bluff stands at the west side of Scott Glacier, near the head, south of Mount Early. Discovered by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition geological party led by Quin Blackburn, in December 1934. The bluff was visited December 5, 1962 by a geological party of the Ohio State University Institute of Polar Studies, led by George Doumani. Named by Doumani for CWO John D'Angelo, USA, helicopter pilot who landed the party on this bluff.Template:Sfn

Mount McIntyre

File:Marvin H. McIntyre, Presidential Secretary, 1939 LCCN2016874747 (cropped).jpg

Marvin H. McIntyre

. A rocky, flat, projecting-type mountain that forms the northeast extremity of D'Angelo Bluff. It rises at the west side of Scott Glacier, near the head, directly opposite Mount Howe. Discovered in December 1934 by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition geological party led by Quin Blackburn. Named by Admiral Byrd for Marvin H. McIntyre, secretary to the President of the United States at that time, Franklin D. Roosevelt.Template:Sfn

Mount Howe

. An elongated mountain, high, comprising low connecting ridges and gable-shaped nunataks. It rises at the east side of Scott Glacier, near the head, directly opposite Mount Mclntyre. This mountain, including its small southern outlier, apparently is the southernmost mountain in the world. Discovered in December 1934 by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition geological party led by Quin Blackburn. Named by Admiral Byrd for Louis McHenry Howe, secretary to the President of the United States at that time, Franklin D. Roosevelt.Template:Sfn

Mount Early

. A solitary volcanic cone, high, standing north of D'Angelo Bluff, on the west side and near the head of Scott Glacier. Discovered in December 1934 from nearby Mount Weaver by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition geological party led by Quin Blackburn. Visited by the Ohio State University geological party led by George Doumani on November 21, 1962. Named by US-ACAN after Capt. Neal E. Early, USA, a member of the aviation unit that supported the USGS Topo East survey of this area, 1962-63.Template:Sfn

Sunny Ridge

. A partly snow-free ridge that trends southward for from the western extremity of Mount Weaver. It stands at the west side of and near the head of Scott Glacier. The ridge was scaled by the Ohio State University geological party in November 1962. So named by party leader George Doumani because of very sunny conditions during the climb.Template:Sfn

Mohn Basin

File:Henrik Mohn.png

Henrik Mohn

A major depression in the surface near the edge of the polar plateau. It extends southward from the western limit of Quarles Range for about and includes the névé area adjacent to the heads of the Bowman, Devils, Amundsen and Scott Glaciers, in the Queen Maud Mountains. The feature was encountered in December 1911 by the South Pole Party of the Norwegian expedition under Roald Amundsen. Named by the US-ACAN for Henrik Mohn, Norwegian meteorologist and author of the meteorological report of this expedition.Template:Sfn

Left tributaries

File:C86150s1 Ant.Map Nilsen Plateau.jpg

Upper Scott Glacier (east)

File:C86135s1 Ant.Map Mount Blackburn.jpg

Upper Scott Glacier (west)

File:C85150s1 Mount Goodale.jpg

Lower Scott Glacier (east)

Tributaries from the left (west) include from south to north:

Poulter Glacier

. A tributary glacier draining east along the south flank of the Rawson Mountains to enter Scott Glacier. Discovered by the geological party of the ByrdAE, 1933–35, and named by Byrd for Thomas C. Poulter, second in command of the expedition.Template:Sfn

Bartlett Glacier

. A tributary glacier, about long and wide at its terminus. It flows northeast from Nilsen Plateau and joins Scott Glacier close north of Mount Gardiner. Discovered in December 1934 by the ByrdAE geological party under Quin Blackburn, and named by Byrd for Capt. Robert A. Bartlett of Brigus, Newfoundland, noted Arctic navigator and explorer who recommended that the expedition acquire the Bear, an ice-ship which was purchased and rechristened by Byrd as the Bear of Oakland. Not: Bob Bartlett Glacier.Template:Sfn

Holdsworth Glacier

. A tributary glacier about long, flowing northeast from Fuller Dome to enter the southeast side of Bartlett Glacier. Named by US-ACAN for Gerald Holdsworth, involved in geological studies at McMurdo Station, summer of 1965-66.Template:Sfn

Souchez Glacier

. A tributary glacier about long, flowing from Mount Crockett south along the east side of Faulkner Escarpment and then turning southeast to parallel the southwest side of Hays Mountains. It joins Bartlett Glacier just south of Mount Dietz. Named by US-ACAN for Roland A. Souchez, involved in geological studies at McMurdo Station during the season of 1965-66.Template:Sfn

Vaughan Glacier

. A tributary glacier, long, draining eastward from Mount Vaughan to enter Scott Glacier just south of Taylor Ridge, in the Hays Mountains. Mapped by USGS from surveys and USN air photos, 1960-64. Named by US-ACAN in association with Mount Vaughan.Template:Sfn

Koerwitz Glacier

. A low gradient glacier flowing northeast from Mount Griffith in the Hays Mountains to the Karo Hills. First seen and roughly mapped by the ByrdAE, 1928-30. Named by US-ACAN for Peter H. Koerwitz, biolab manager at McMurdo Station in 1965.Template:Sfn

Right tributaries

Tributaries from the right (east) are from south to north:

Klein Glacier

. A broad glacier near the edge of the polar plateau, flowing northwest into Scott Glacier immediately south of La Gorce Mountains. Mapped by USGS from surveys and USN air photos, 1960-63. Named by US-ACAN for Lt. Cdr. Verle W. Klein, pilot with USN Squadron VX-6 on Operation Deep Freeze, 1966 and 1967.Template:Sfn

Robison Glacier

. A broad tributary glacier flowing northwest along the north side of La Gorce Mountains to enter Scott Glacier. Discovered in December 1934 by the ByrdAE geological party under Quin Blackburn. Named by US-ACAN for Lt. Cdr. Layton E. Robison, pilot with USN Squadron VX-6 during Operation Deep Freeze 1964, 1965 and 1966.Template:Sfn

Van Reeth Glacier

. A tributary glacier about long, draining westward to Scott Glacier between Mount Blackburn and Mount Bowlin. Discovered in December 1934 by the ByrdAE geological party under Quin Blackburn. Named by US-ACAN for Cdr. Eugene W. Van Reeth, pilot with USN Squadron VX-6 in Antarctica during Operation Deep Freeze 1966, 1967 and 1968, and Squadron Commander in 1969.Template:Sfn

Howe Glacier

. A short tributary glacier draining west into Scott Glacier immediately north of Mount Russell, in the Queen Maud Mountains. Mapped by USGS from surveys and USN air photos, 1960-63. Named by US-ACAN for Robert C. Howe of USN Squadron VX-6, photographer on Operation Deep Freeze 1966 and 1967.Template:Sfn

Griffith Glacier

. A tributary glacier draining westward from the California Plateau and Watson Escarpment to enter Scott Glacier between Mount McKercher and Mount Meeks. Mapped by USGS from surveys and USN air photos, 1960-63. Named by US-ACAN for Lt. Cdr. Philip G. Griffith, aircraft commander on photographic flights during Operation Deep Freeze 1966 and 1967.Template:Sfn

Sanctuary Glacier

. A glacier almost completely encircled by the Gothic Mountains. It drains west between Outlook Peak and Organ Pipe Peaks into Scott Glacier. Mapped by USGS from surveys and USN aerial photographs, 1960-64. The descriptive name was proposed by Edmund Stump, leader of a USARP-Arizona State University geological party which established a base camp on the glacier in January 1981.Template:Sfn

Albanus Glacier

. A glacier, long, flowing west along the south side of Tapley Mountains to enter Scott Glacier just north of Mount Zanuck. Discovered in December 1934 by the ByrdAE geological party under Quin Blackburn, and named by Byrd for Albanus Phillips, Jr., manufacturer of Cambridge, MD, a patron of the ByrdAE of 1928-30 and 1933-35. Not: Phillips Glacier.Template:Sfn

Roe Glacier

. A tributary glacier, long, flowing northwest through the Tapley Mountains to enter Scott Glacier just south of Mount Durham. Mapped by USGS from surveys and USN air photos, 1960-64. Named by US-ACAN for Derrell M. Roe, a member of summer parties at McMurdo Station in 1963-64 and 1964–65 and station engineer with the McMurdo winter party in 1966.Template:Sfn

Sources

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