Green damselfish
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The green damselfish (Abudefduf abdominalis),[1] also known as the Hawaiian sergeant major, is a non-migratory fish of the family Pomacentridae. This fish also goes by the name maomao[2] It occurs in the Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands, Midway Island and Johnston Atoll.[3] It can grow to a maximum total length of Script error: No such module "convert"..
Adults of the species are typically found in quiet waters with rocky bottoms in inshore and offshore reefs at a depth of Template:Cvt, although juveniles may sometimes be found in surge pools. It is a benthopelagic species, with adults being known to form schools. The species feeds on a variety of algae and zooplankton. It is known to be used as a food source for humans in Hawaii.[4] It occasionally appears in the aquarium trade.[3]
Breeding
Abudefduf abdominalis is oviparous, with distinct pairing occurring during breeding. Abudefduf abdominalis is known for being a species of fish that are polygamous during their breeding time.[5] Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate, with males guarding and aerating the eggs. Breeding cycles depend on the availability of food.[6] It is known to hybridise with Abudefduf vaigiensis which has been introduced to Hawaiian coastal waters.[7] Abudefduf abdominalis are capable of spawning year round, though are most active during mid December all through July.[8] To enchant the female of the species, males will take what are called "nuptial colors" like dark blue and have light yellow bars and will perform various dances to attract a mate. Such dances include swimming in zig-zag patterns, swimming in loops, or floating head down.[9]
Appearance
These fishes can range from 7 inches to 9 inches on average. [10] The juveniles start out with a yellow tinge, which turns greenish white as they mature. The rear fin has a black marking.[10] During breeding the males turn blue and their black bars begin to fade into a gray instead. [8]
Diet
These fish are known to nibble on zooplankton, Copepods usually[8] and on occasion they'll also eat algae.[10]
Predators
Some fish that prey on this species include but are not limited to the Milletseed Butterflyfish, Racoon Butterflyfish, and the Black Triggerfish.[11] Some predators like the Milletseed Butterflyfish will travel close behind divers to find a Hawaiian Sergeant nest and feast on the eggs.[9]
References
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