Abbottabad District

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Abbottabad district)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Template:Short description Template:Use Pakistani English Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "Settlement short description".Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Expression error: Unexpected < operator.

Abbottabad District (Hindko, Template:Langx) is a district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is part of the Hazara Division and covers an area of Script error: No such module "convert"., with the city of Abbottabad being the principal town.[1] Neighbouring districts include Mansehra to the north and Haripur to the west in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Muzaffarabad to the east in Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Rawalpindi to the south in the Punjab province.[2] According to the 2023 Pakistani census, the population of Abbottabad District is 1,397,587.[3]

History

Origin of name

The district is named after Major James Abbott, the first deputy commissioner of Hazara (1849–1853).[2]

Hazara

During British rule, Abbottabad became the capital of the Hazara division, which was named after and contained the Hazara valley, a small valley in the outermost Himalayas, between the Indus in the west and Kashmir in the east.[4]

The current Abbottabad District was originally a tehsil of Hazara, the Imperial Gazetteer of India described it as follows:

<templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />

Tahsīl of Hazāra District, North-West Frontier Province, lying between 33°49' and 34° 22' N. and 72°55' and 73° 31' E., with an area of Script error: No such module "convert".. It is bounded on the east by the Jhelum, which divides it from Pūnch and the Punjab District of Rawalpindi; and it comprises part of the mountain valleys drained by the Dor and Harroh rivers, together with the hill country eastward. The hill-sides to the north and north-east are covered with timber forest. The population in 1901 was 194,632, compared with 175,735 in 1891. It contains the towns of ABBOTTABAD (population, 7,764), the tahsil and District headquarters, and NAWASHAHR (4,114); and 359 villages. The land revenue and cesses amounted in 1903-4 to Rs. 97,000.[5]

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

The area covered by the modern district is described as lying between 33°50' and 34°23' North, 73°35' and 73°31'East.[6]

In 1976, the tehsils of Mansehra and Battagram were separated into the new Mansehra District, while the tehsil of Haripur became a separate district in 1991.[7]Template:Rp

Administration

File:Abbottabad Union Councils.svg
Map showing the administrative subdivisions of Abbottabad District, the Union Councils of Havelian Tehsil are highlighted in green, whilst those of Abbottabad Tehsil are highlighted in red (the names neighbouring districts to Abbottabad are also shown).

Abbottabad district is divided into four tehsils:[8] Template:Static row numbers

Tehsil Area

(km²)[9]

Pop.

(2023)

Density

(ppl/km²)

(2023)

Literacy rate

(2023)[10]

Union Councils
Abbottabad Tehsil 1,285 1,003,339 101.76 78.39% 51
Havelian Tehsil 342 256,754 98.8 76.08% 13
Lora Tehsil 187 98,717 97.22 73.73%
Lower Tanawal Tehsil 153 60,262 98.88 71.66%

Abbottabad district has one urban administration area – Nawanshehr.

Election 1977

During the 1977 elections Iqbal Khan Jadoon, known as the Fakhr-e-Hazara or pride of Hazara, was elected to the district's NA-12 (Abbottabad) constituency.[11]

Election 2008

With the announcement by the Election commission of Pakistan that elections would be held on 8 January 2008,[12] more than a dozen candidates filed their nomination papers in Abbottabad.[13]

Political campaigns

Abbottabad was the centre of the Sooba Hazara movement that started after the national assembly passed the 18th amendment to change the name of the province from North West Frontier Province (NWFP) to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The former governor of the province has been vocal in this opposition to the new name[14]

Provincial assembly

The district is represented in the provincial assembly by four elected MPAs (PK-36 to PK-39):[15]

Member of Provincial Assembly Party affiliation Constituency Year
Nazir Ahmed Abbasi Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf PK-36 Abbottabad-I 2018
Sardar Aurangzeb Pakistan Muslim League (N) PK-37 Abbottabad-II 2018
Qalandar Khan Lodhi Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf PK-38 Abbottabad-III 2018
Mushtaq Ahmed Ghani Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf PK-39 Abbottabad-IV 2018

Demographics

As of the 2023 census, Abbottabad district has 236,789 households and a population of 1,419,072. The district has a sex ratio of 100.77 males to 100 females and a literacy rate of 77.34%: 86.20% for males and 68.42% for females. 334,274 (23.92% of the surveyed population) are under 10 years of age. 332,315 (23.42%) live in urban areas.[3]

<templatestyles src="Module:Historical populations/styles.css"/>Script error: No such module "Historical populations".

The population of the district increased from 880,666 in 1998 to 1,419,072 in 2023 which is an increase of 61% over the 25 year period.

Major ethnic groups

The major ethnic groups in the district are:

The Tanawal–Sherwan region is mainly inhabited by the Tanoli tribe, while the Galliyat hill areas are mostly home to the Karlal and Abbassi tribes and the lowland plains are largely settled by the Awan community.[18]

Language

Template:Pie chart

At the time of the 2023 census, 87.43% (1,221,957) of the population spoke Hindko, 5.85% (81,731) Pashto, 3.06% (42,734) Urdu, 11,744 Kohistani, 10,401 Punjabi, 1,971 Shina, 1,722 Saraiki, 1,080 Kashmiri as their first language. Other languages, namely the Kohistani (11,744), are also spoken in this district.[19]

Literacy

According to the 2023 census Abbottabad was the only district in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province that had a literacy of 75.1% and above.[20]

Religion

Religions in Abbottabad district (2023)[21]
Religion Percent
Islam
 
 99.56%
Christianity
 
 0.42%
Other or not stated
 
 0.02%
Religion in contemporary Abbottabad District
Religious
group 		1941[22]Template:Rp 2017[23] 2023[21]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Islam File:Star and Crescent.svg 284,228 92.13% 1,329,917 99.76% 1,391,394 99.56%
Hinduism File:Om.svg 17,558 5.69% 80 0.01% 114 0.01%
Sikhism File:Khanda.svg 6,035 1.96% — — 43 ~0%
Christianity File:Christian cross.svg 278 0.09% 2,605 0.20% 5,818 0.42%
Other 419 0.13% 487 0.03% 218 0.01%
Total Population 308,518 100% 1,333,089 100% 1,397,587Template:Efn 100%
Note: 1941 census data is for Abbottabad tehsil of erstwhile Hazara district, which roughly corresponds to contemporary Abbottabad district. District and tehsil borders have changed since 1941.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

The major language of the area is Hindko, which in the 1981 census, was the mother tongue of Template:Sigfig% of households.[24] The variety spoken in the city of Abbottabad has formed the basis of a literary language.[25] It is very close to the Hindko varieties of Mansehra: the two share 86% of their basic vocabulary.[26] In the Galliat region in the southeast of the district, the language is still known as Hindko but becomes more distinct and gradually transitions into the dialects of Pahari.Template:Sfn

Other languages, such as Pashto, Urdu and Punjabi, are found more in urban than rural areas.

Parks and protected areas

Under the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Wildlife (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management) Act of 1975, two areas have been designated with the district: Ayubia National Park and Qalandarabad game reserve.[27] Both areas cover only 6% of the landed area of the district.[27]

The Ayubia National Park was established in 1984, this park covers an area of over 3,312 ha.[27]

The Qalandarabad game reserve was established in 1980 with an area of 8,940ha.[27]

Education

According to the Alif Ailaan Pakistan District Education Rankings 2015, Abbottabad is ranked 31 out of 148 districts in terms of education. For facilities and infrastructure, the district is ranked 72 out of 148.The literacy rate of Abbottabad is 69%.[28]

See also

References

Template:Sister project

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ Geography of District Abbottabad Template:Webarchive
  2. ↑ a b IUCN Pakistan (2004). Abbottabad – State of the environment and Development. IUCN Pakistan and Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa: Karachi, p. 2.
  3. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Hazara – Nordisk familjebok
  5. ↑ Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 5, p. 1
  6. ↑ NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS JournalNX- A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal ISSN No: 2581 - 4230 VOLUME 7, ISSUE 4, Apr. -2021
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Open Data tehsils-in-district-abbottabad-year-2021
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ National Assembly Elections in Pakistan 1970-2008 - A compendium of elections related facts and statistics Page 130
  12. ↑ 2008 Elections – ELECTION COMMISSION OF PAKISTAN Template:Webarchive
  13. ↑ Election campaign starts in Abbottabad – Associated press of Pakistan
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ PF-48 (Abbottabad-V) Result: Announced Template:Webarchive
  16. ↑ a b c d e f Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Society and Culture - Abbottabad Government website
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ - Page 125
  21. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". The data is specifically for Abbottabad Tehsil; the only other tehsil of the district has since been promoted into the separate district of Haripur.
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ The figure is from:
    • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
    The relative homogeneity of the Hindko dialects of Abbottabad and Manshehra is mentioned in:
    • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ a b c d IUCN Pakistan (2004). Abbottabad – State of the environment and Development. IUCN Pakistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Karachi, p. 50.
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Notelist

Script error: No such module "Navbox". Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Authority control

Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Abbottabad_District&oldid=5390690"