Eurovision Song Contest 1979

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox song contest

The Eurovision Song Contest 1979 was the 24th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Jerusalem, Israel, following the country's victory at the Template:Escyr with the song "A-Ba-Ni-Bi" by Izhar Cohen and the Alphabeta. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster the Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA), the contest was held at the Menachem Ussishkin auditorium of the International Convention Centre on 31 March 1979, and was hosted by Israeli television presenter Daniel Pe'er and singer Yardena Arazi. This was the first time that the Eurovision Song Contest was held outside Europe.

Nineteen countries participated in the contest, with Template:Esccnty deciding not to participate after Arab countries had pressured it into not participating in a contest held in Israel.[1] Template:Esccnty, which had missed the 1977 and 1978 contests, also did not take part in or broadcast the contest this year for political reasons,[2] despite an earlier public poll in which almost 100,000 people supported a Yugoslav return to the contest.[3]

For the second year in a row, Template:Esccnty won with the song "Hallelujah", performed by the Israeli group Milk and Honey featuring Gali Atari.

Location

File:Binyanei-HaUmah.JPG
International Convention Center, Jerusalem – host venue of the 1979 contest.

The 1979 contest took place in Jerusalem, Israel, following the win of Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA) at the Template:Escyr with the song "A-Ba-Ni-Bi" performed by Izhar Cohen and Alphabeta. IBA staged the contest at the Menachem Ussishkin auditorium of the International Convention Centre, also called Script error: No such module "Lang".. The venue, inside the largest convention center in the Middle East, seats an audience of 3,104 and traditionally hosts other musical events.[4][5]

Participants

Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote". Template:Interlanguage link info Template:ESC 1979 participants Initially, Script error: No such module "Lang". (TRT) intended to participate in the contest. Template:Esccnty would have appeared 11th on stage (between Israel and France), represented by the song "Script error: No such module "Lang"." performed by Maria Rita Epik and 21. Peron. However TRT later ended up withdrawing from the contest following pressure from Arab states, who objected to a predominantly Muslim country taking part in a contest held in Israel.[6][7]

Several of the performing artists had previously competed as lead artists representing the same country in past editions: Peter, Sue and Marc had represented Template:Esccnty and Template:Esccnty; Xandra had represented the Template:Esccnty along with Andres Holten and Template:Esccnty as Sandra Reemer; and Anita Skorgan had represented Template:Esccnty. In addition, Anne-Marie David representing France, had won the contest for Template:Esccnty.

Eurovision Song Contest 1979 participants[8][9]
Country Broadcaster Artist Song Language Songwriter(s) Conductor
Template:Esc ORF Christina Simon "Script error: No such module "Lang"." German Template:Hlist Richard Oesterreicher
Template:Esc BRT Micha Marah "Hey Nana" Dutch Template:Hlist Francis Bay
Template:Esc DR Tommy Seebach "Disco Tango" Danish Template:Hlist Allan Botschinsky
Template:Esc YLE Katri Helena "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Finnish Template:Hlist Ossi Runne
Template:Esc TF1 Anne-Marie David "Script error: No such module "Lang"." French Template:Hlist Guy Mattéoni
Template:Esc BRTemplate:Efn Dschinghis Khan "Script error: No such module "Lang"." German Template:Hlist Norbert Daum
Template:Esc ERT Elpida "Script error: No such module "Lang"." (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Greek Template:Hlist Lefteris Halkiadakis
Template:Esc RTÉ Cathal Dunne "Happy Man" English Cathal Dunne Proinnsías Ó Duinn
Template:Esc IBA Milk and Honey "Hallelujah" (Script error: No such module "Lang".) Hebrew Template:Hlist Kobi Oshrat
Template:Esc RAI Matia Bazar "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Italian Template:Hlist Template:N/A
Template:Esc CLT Jeane Manson "Script error: No such module "Lang"." French Template:Ill Hervé Roy
Template:Esc TMC Laurent Vaguener "Script error: No such module "Lang"." French Template:Hlist Template:Ill
Template:Esc NOS Xandra "Colorado" Dutch Template:Hlist Harry van Hoof
Template:Esc NRK Anita Skorgan "Oliver" Norwegian Template:Hlist Sigurd Jansen
Template:Esc RTP Manuela Bravo "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Portuguese Template:Ill Template:Ill
Template:Esc TVE Betty Missiego "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Spanish Fernando Moreno José Luis Navarro
Template:Esc SR Ted Gärdestad "Script error: No such module "Lang"." Swedish Template:Hlist Lars Samuelson
Template:Esc SRG SSR Peter, Sue and Marc, Pfuri, Gorps and Kniri "Script error: No such module "Lang"." German Template:Ill Rolf Zuckowski
Template:Esc BBC Black Lace "Mary Ann" English Peter Morris Ken Jones

Production

The contest was organised and broadcast by the Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA) and the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). The event was produced by Alex Gilady, directed by Yossi Zemach, musically directed by Izhak Graziani who conducted the IBA Symphony Orchestra, and overseen by the EBU with scrutineer Frank Naef.[5] Since Israeli Television had yet to broadcast in colour at that point (except for a few special occasions), the production had to borrow cameras from the BBC – the same had happened when RTÉ had hosted the Template:Escyr in Dublin. The 24th contest's logo featured a combination of a G-clef, the IBA logo, and the names of all participating countries in order of appearance. The IBA Symphony Orchestra played the music of each song, except for the Italian entry, which did not use the orchestra. This was the only contest where the orchestra was composed of 39 musicians.

The stage concept was designed by Dov Ben David. On stage there was a moving symbol which was based on the IBA logo (which was built like a lamp with 3 concentric rings) using a small projected model.[10] The event showcased stage decorations of several types of flora which represent the Land of Israel, and a film of Jerusalem's varied ancient, modern and religious scenery. The left side of the stage where the presentation was held, was decorated with prickly pear cactus, date, pomegranate, and orange plants. The film which opened the programme and repeated over its closing credits, screened Jerusalem's biblical and medieval monuments sacred to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam with residents and visitors who frequent them while its opening and concluding images showcased the city's cultural and governmental institutions along with different types of people outside the ancient walls.[5][11]

This year, the postcards between each song featured mime artists rather than the participating singers. The mime artists featured were the Yoram Boker Mime Group, and included some of Israel's leading mime artists, among them Ezra Dagan and Hanoch Rozen. The group performed on a background of illustrations created by Dudu Geva and Yochanan Lakitzevitz, that featured landmarks and typical landscapes of the respective countries.

Contest overview

The following tables reflect the confirmed, verified scores, which were adjusted after the live broadcast. During the voting announcement, mistakes kept appearing as some spokespersons gave multiple votes of the same amount to two countries. Importantantly, due to a misunderstanding by the presenter Yardena Arazi, Spain appeared to award 10 points to both Portugal and Israel and these scores were added to the scoreboard. After the programme, verification confirmed that Portugal should only have received six points, leaving the total Portuguese score reduced by four points to 64.

The intermission between the songs and the voting was presented by a performance of the Shalom '79 Dancing Ensemble, who performed a variety of Israeli folk dances. The performance was directed by the ensemble's manager and choreographer Gavri Levy.

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1979[12]
R/O Country Artist Song Points Place
1 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 64 9
2 Template:Esc Matia Bazar "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 27 15
3 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Disco Tango" 76 6
4 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Happy Man" 80 5
5 Template:Esc Katri Helena "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 38 14
6 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 12 16
7 Template:Esc Elpida "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 69 8
8 Template:Esc Peter, Sue and Marc, Pfuri, Gorps and Kniri "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 60 10
9 Template:Esc Dschinghis Khan "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 86 4
10 Template:Esc Milk and Honey "Hallelujah" 125 1
11 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 106 3
12 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Hey Nana" 5 18
13 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 44 13
14 Template:Esc Xandra "Colorado" 51 12
15 Template:Esc Ted Gärdestad "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 8 17
16 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Oliver" 57 11
17 Template:Esc Black Lace "Mary Ann" 73 7
18 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 5 18
19 Template:Esc Template:Sortname "Script error: No such module "Lang"." 116 2

Spokespersons

Each participating broadcaster appointed a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing the votes for its respective country via telephone. Known spokespersons at the 1979 contest are listed below.

Detailed voting results

Each participating broadcaster assembled a jury who awarded 12, 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 point(s) for their top ten songs. This was the last year in which the points were announced via order of appearance, as opposed to order of preference. From the next year's contest onwards, the points were announced in ascending order instead. This has remained in place ever since.

The voting was extremely close. Israel gained a good lead in the early stages of the voting, but Spain eventually caught up and took a good lead themselves. At the close of the penultimate jury's votes, Israel were one point behind Spain, and only the Spanish jury had yet to give their votes. Spain ended up giving Israel 10 points, causing the crowd to erupt into enormous cheers.

Detailed voting results[17][18]
scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header scope="col" Template:Vert header
rowspan="19" Template:Vert header Portugal 64 6 2 5 4 4 10 5 3 3 3 6 7 6
Italy 27 8 8 3 8
Denmark 76 2 3 12 1 10 12 6 7 4 8 1 3 3 4
Ireland 80 5 5 5 6 10 6 6 3 10 7 8 5 4
Finland 38 7 7 8 5 5 6
Monaco 12 1 2 4 3 2
Greece 69 10 1 4 7 7 2 10 4 1 5 7 2 2 7
Switzerland 60 7 1 10 2 2 7 4 7 8 12
Germany 86 2 1 12 5 3 12 6 12 4 1 2 6 8 12
Israel 125 12 6 12 12 8 4 5 1 2 8 1 12 12 12 8 10
France 106 6 10 1 10 8 10 5 6 12 12 5 7 6 5 3
Belgium 5 2 1 2
Luxembourg 44 7 3 4 4 5 3 2 4 2 10
Netherlands 51 8 10 5 3 3 7 3 4 4 4
Sweden 8 6 1 1
Norway 57 3 3 8 6 2 8 2 6 10 7 1 1
United Kingdom 73 4 8 10 7 7 1 2 8 5 10 6 5
Austria 5 4 1
Spain 116 12 3 6 12 12 8 8 12 10 10 7 1 5 10

12 points

Below is a summary of all 12 points in the final:

N. Contestant Nation(s) giving 12 points
6 Template:Esc Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc
4 Template:Esc Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc
Template:Esc Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc, Template:Esc
2 Template:Esc Template:Esc, Template:Esc
Template:Esc Template:Esc, Template:Esc
1 Template:Esc Template:Esc

Broadcasts

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants". Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers.[19]

In addition to the participating countries, the contest was also reportedly broadcast in Hong Kong, Iceland, and Romania.[9][20] The contest was not broadcast in Yugoslavia for the first time since 1960, as the nation had no diplomatic ties with Israel.[9] Estimates ranged from 200 to 500 million viewers were reported prior to the contest.[21] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref(s)
Template:Flagu ORF FS1 Ernst Grissemann [22][23]
Template:Flagu BRT TV1 Template:N/A [24]
RTBF RTBF1 Paule Herreman
Template:Flagu DR DR TV Jørgen de Mylius [25]
Template:Flagu YLE TV1, Template:Ill Template:Ill [26][27]
Template:Flagu TF1 Marc Menant [28][29]
Template:Flagu ARD Script error: No such module "Lang". Gaby Schnelle and Template:Ill [22][30]
Template:Flagu ERT ERT, A Programma Template:N/A [31][32]
Template:Flagu RTÉ RTÉ 1 Mike Murphy [33][34]
RTÉ Radio Template:N/A [35]
Template:Flagu IBA Israeli Television Template:N/A [36]
Army Radio Template:N/A [37]
Template:Flagu RAI Script error: No such module "Lang".Template:Efn Rosanna Vaudetti [38]
Template:Flagu CLT Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:N/A [39]
RTL Radio Template:N/A [40]
Template:Flagu NOS Script error: No such module "Lang". Willem Duys [41][42]
Template:Flagu NRK Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:Ill [43]
NRK Template:Ill
Template:Flagu RTP RTP1 Fialho Gouveia [44][45]
RDP Script error: No such module "Lang". Template:N/A [46]
Template:Flagu TVE TVE 1 Template:Ill [47]
Template:Flagu SR TV1 Ulf Elfving [48]
SR P3 Kent Finell [49]
Template:Flagu SRG SSR TV DRSTemplate:Efn Template:Ill [22]
TSR Template:Ill [29]
TSI Template:N/A [50]
RSI 1 Template:N/A [51]
Template:Flagu BBC BBC1 John Dunn [52]
BBC Radio 2, BBC Radio 1 VHF Ray Moore [9][53]
Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref(s)
Template:Flagu TVB TVB JadeTemplate:Efn Regina Hing Yue Tsang and Lee Chi-chung [54][55]
TVB PearlTemplate:Efn George Lam
Template:Flagu RÚV Script error: No such module "Lang".Template:Efn Björn Baldursson [56]
Template:Flagu TeleArubaTemplate:Efn Template:N/A [57]
TeleCuraçaoTemplate:Efn Template:N/A [58]

See also

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

Template:Reflist

External links

Template:Sister project

Template:Eurovision Song Contest 1979 Template:Eurovision Song Contest Template:Portal bar

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  5. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ O'Connor, John Kennedy. The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official History. Carlton Books, UK. 2007 Template:ISBN
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ a b c d e Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ a b Template:Cite magazine
  30. ↑ Template:Cite magazine
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Template:Cite magazine
  39. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Template:Cite magazine
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ Template:Cite magazine
  52. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  53. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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