Zeta Capricorni

Zeta Capricorni

Template:Location mark Location of ζ Capricorni (circled)
Observation data Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation	Capricornus
Right ascension	Template:RA
Declination	Template:DEC
Apparent magnitude (V)	3.77
Characteristics
Spectral type	G4Ib: Ba2 + DA2.2
U−B Template:Engvar	+0.57
B−V Template:Engvar	+0.99
Variable type	Suspected eclipsing binary
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)	km/s
Proper motion (μ)	RA: −2.23 mas/yr Dec.: 18.10 mas/yr
Parallax (π)	8.46±0.21 mas
Distance	Template:Rnd ± Template:Rnd ly (Template:Rnd ± Template:Rnd pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)	−1.59
Orbit
Period (P)
Semi-major axis (a)
Eccentricity (e)	0.2821
Inclination (i)	°
Longitude of the node (Ω)	°
Periastron epoch (T)
Argument of periastron (ω) (secondary)	°
Details
A
Mass	Template:Solar mass
Radius	~29 Template:Solar radius
Luminosity	Template:Solar luminosity
Surface gravity (log g)	cgs
Temperature	K
Metallicity [Fe/H]	−0.09 dex
B
Mass	1.03 Template:Solar mass
Temperature	23,000 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]	{{{metal_fe2}}} dex
Other designations
Template:Odlist
Database references
SIMBAD	data

Zeta Capricorni, Latinised from ζ Capricorni, is a binary star system in the southern constellation of Capricornus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 3.77. The system is located at a distance of approximately 386 light-years from the Sun based on parallax. It is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +2 km/s. The absolute magnitude of this system is −1.59.

Properties

The binary nature of this system was announced in 1980 by Erika Böhm-Vitense based on an ultraviolet excess attributed to a white dwarf companion. It is a single-lined spectroscopic binary system. Based on an incomplete orbital arc, the orbital period for this system is and the eccentricity (ovalness) is 0.28. It was flagged as a suspected eclipsing binary in 1988 due to observed variations in the light curve.

The primary, designated component A, has a stellar classification of G4Ib: Ba2. This notation indicates this is a yellow-hued supergiant star, although the ':' means there is some uncertainty about the class. The temperature and surface gravity of this object suggests it may be a horizontal-branch star. It is considered a prototypical example of a Barium star, as indicated by the 'Ba2' class suffix. The properties of these objects include overabundances of carbon molecules (such as C₂) and s-process elements. Zeta Capricorni has an overabundance of the s-process element praseodymium.

Its companion, component B, is a carbon-oxygen white dwarf with a hydrogen-rich atmosphere and a class of DA2.2. It is about as massive as the Sun, and its temperature is . In the course of its evolution, the progenitor star passed through the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch, during which the enlarged atmosphere transferred material to the primary. The abundance of niobium in the primary's atmosphere, a product of the decay of zirconium-93, is at a level that suggests the transfer to the primary took place more than three million years ago.

A magnitude 12.5 visual companion was discovered by T. J. J. See in 1897. As of 1997, it was located at an angular separation of along a position angle of 12°.

Chinese name

In Chinese, (), meaning Twelve States, refers to an asterism which represents twelve ancient states in the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, consisting of ζ Capricorni, φ Capricorni, ι Capricorni, 38 Capricorni, 35 Capricorni, 36 Capricorni, χ Capricorni, θ Capricorni, 30 Capricorni, 33 Capricorni, 19 Capricorni, 26 Capricorni, 27 Capricorni, 20 Capricorni, η Capricorni and 21 Capricorni. Consequently, the Chinese name for ζ Capricorni itself represents the state of Yan (), together with ν Ophiuchi in Left Wall of Heavenly Market Enclosure (asterism).