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== Icebreakers == ...

{{short description|Russian Arktika-class icebreaker}} ...eb|url=http://www.rosatomflot.ru/index.php?menuid=35&lang=en |title=Atomic Icebreakers Technical Data |publisher=rosatomflot.ru |access-date=9 October 2017}}</ref ...

{{Short description|Russian class of nuclear-powered icebreakers}} ...eb|url=http://www.rosatomflot.ru/index.php?menuid=35&lang=en |title=Atomic Icebreakers Technical Data |publisher=rosatomflot.ru |access-date=9 October 2017}}</ref ...

...025}}, Russia is the only country that builds and operates nuclear-powered icebreakers, having built a number of such vessels to aid shipping along the Northern S == History of nuclear-powered icebreakers == ...

{{Short description|Arktika-class icebreaker built in 1992}} ...eb|url=http://www.rosatomflot.ru/index.php?menuid=35&lang=en |title=Atomic Icebreakers Technical Data |publisher=rosatomflot.ru |access-date=9 October 2017}}</ref ...

...a ship can slow it down much more than the breaking of the ice itself, so icebreakers have a specially designed hull to direct the broken ice around or under the === Earliest icebreakers === ...

...tremely robust design and had strengthened hulls resembling those of polar icebreakers. ...perior to older freighters, the new SA-15 class ships also acted as escort icebreakers, using their stern notches to tow smaller ships through the ice fields even ...

===Icebreakers=== ...30 years (new reactors were fitted in 1970). It led to a series of larger icebreakers, the 23,500 [[Tonnage|ton]] {{sclass|Arktika|icebreaker|4}} of six vessels, ...

...cebreaker|1}}s, the two [[Taymyr class nuclear icebreaker|''Taymyr''-class icebreakers]] ''[[Taymyr (1987 icebreaker)|Taymyr]]'' and ''[[Vaygach (nuclear icebreak ...

...shipping and began building [[Arktika-class icebreaker|new nuclear-powered icebreakers]] in the 1970s.<ref name="atomicexpert" /> On 30 May 1978, the [[Ministry o ...0704005612/http://www.bellona.org/english_import_area/international/russia/icebreakers/storage/8629 |date=4 July 2009 }}. Bellona Foundation, 29 June 1999. {{retr ...

...China but under Polish flag from [[Gdynia]] with the assistance of Soviet icebreakers reached port of [[Pevek]] (via [[Kara Gates]], [[Vilkitsky Strait|Vilkitsky ...e=2017-08-25 |title=Russian Tanker Completes Arctic Passage Without Aid of Icebreakers |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/25/world/europe/russia-tanker-christop ...

...ikha]]. Civilian [[Arktika class icebreaker|''Arktika'']] nuclear-powered icebreakers are based at [[Murmansk]]. Shipyards are located in Murmansk, [[Severodvin ...2023) and [[Project 10510 icebreaker|Project 10510]] (one vessel building) icebreakers have entered service, or are under construction/planned, to augment and rep ...

...or SMR nuclear power plants, both onshore and offshore, as well as nuclear icebreakers. Key companies include [[OKB Gidropress]], [[OKBM Afrikantov]], JSC Machine [[File:Yamal 2009.JPG|alt=|thumb|[[Arktika-class icebreaker|''Arktika''-class icebreaker]] [[Yamal (icebreaker)|''Yamal'']]] ...

The introduction of [[radio]], steamboats, and icebreakers made running the Northern Sea Route viable. After the [[Russian Revolution ...y]] and break out into the Pacific Ocean. ''Komet'' was escorted by Soviet icebreakers during her journey. After the start of the Soviet-German War, the Soviets t ...

...isited 66 times by different surface ships: 54 times by Soviet and Russian icebreakers, 4 times by Swedish ''Oden'', 3 times by German [[RV Polarstern|''Polarster ...