Foreign relations of Equatorial Guinea
Template:Short description Template:Sidebar with collapsible lists The government's official policy is one of nonalignment. In its search for assistance to meet the goal of national reconstruction, the government of Equatorial Guinea has established diplomatic relations with numerous European and Third World countries. Having achieved independence under UN sponsorship, Equatorial Guinea feels a special kinship with that organization. It became the 126th UN member on November 12, 1968. Equatorial Guinea served as a non-permanent member on the United Nations Security Council from 2017 to 2019.
Diplomatic relations
List of countries which Equatorial Guinea maintains diplomatic relations with:
Bilateral relations
Africa
| Country | Formal relations established | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Template:Country data Angola | ||
| Template:Country data Cameroon | 27 October 1968 |
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 October 1968[116] Equatorial Guinea has cordial relations with neighbouring Cameroon, although there was criticism in Cameroon in 2000 about perceived mistreatment of Cameroonians working in Equatorial Guinea. Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea have an unresolved maritime border dispute. The majority Fang ethnic group of mainland Equatorial Guinea extends both north and south into the forests of Cameroon and Gabon. Cameroon exports some food products to Equatorial Guinea and imports oil from Equatorial Guinea for its refinery at nearby Limbe. In December 2008, Equatorial Guinea security forces killed a Cameroonian fisherman and abducted two immigrants, Cameroon closed its border in response.[117] |
| Template:Country data Chad |
| |
| Template:Country data Congo-Brazzaville | 12 July 1971 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 July 1971 when first Ambassador of Equatorial Guinea to People's Republic of the Congo Mr. Clemente Aqueda presented his cedentials to President Ngouabi[118]
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| Template:Country data Egypt | 15 April 1969 |
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| Template:Country data Gabon | 1968 | Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1968[10]
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| Template:Country data Ghana | 1968 |
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| Template:Country data Morocco | 1978 | Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1978[119]
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| Template:Country data Nigeria | 25 January 1969 |
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 January 1969[14] Equatorial Guinea has warmer relations with Nigeria, and the Nigerian President made an official visit to Malabo in 2001. The two countries have delineated their offshore borders, which will facilitate development of nearby gas fields. In addition, many Nigerians work in Equatorial Guinea, as do immigrants from Cameroon and some West African states. |
| Template:Country data São Tomé and Príncipe |
| |
| Template:Country data South Africa | 5 May 1993 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 May 1993[120]
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Americas
| Country | Formal relations established | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Template:Country data Argentina | 26 April 1974 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 April 1974.[121]
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| Template:Country data Brazil | 26 May 1975 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 May 1975[36]
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| Template:Country data Canada | 20 August 1980 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 August 1980[122]
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| Template:Country data Chile | 9 November 1971 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 November 1971[124]
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| Template:Country data Colombia | 6 May 1981 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 May 1981[125]
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| Template:Country data Cuba | 27 December 1972 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 December 1972[32]
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| Template:Country data Mexico | 26 September 1975 | See Equatorial Guinea–Mexico relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 1975[37] |
| Template:Country data United States | 21 November 1968 | See Equatorial Guinea–United States relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 November 1968, diplomatic relations suspension from 14 March 1976 to 19 December 1979.[128] In 1995, the United States closed its embassy, ostensibly for budget reasons, though the ambassador of the time had been accused of witchcraft, and had criticised the human rights situation. In 1996, offshore oil began flowing, and, with several US oil companies present in the country, the US reopened the embassy in October 2003. The US has sought to encourage the progress of human rights to the country by addressing its concerns directly to the government, as well as holding seminars for better police conduct and judicial conferences with US judges to improve the rule of law.[129] The US State Department on relations between United States and Equatorial Guinea remarks:"Equatorial Guinea’s hydrocarbon riches dwarf all other economic activity; the country’s oil reserves are located mainly in the Gulf of Guinea. U.S. oil companies are one of Equatorial Guinea’s largest investors, and they have a lead role in oil and gas exploration and extraction. Equatorial Guinea’s exports to the U.S. are dominated by petroleum products. In an effort to attract increased U.S. investment, U.S. passport-holders are entitled to visa-free entry. Imports from the U.S. include machinery, iron and steel products, optic and medical instruments, and inorganic chemical and rare earth minerals. The U.S. is following closely Equatorial Guinea’s discussions with The International Monetary Fund on a possible program aiming to reduce the fiscal deficit, increase non-oil revenue, address public financial management weaknesses (while protecting social spending), and improve governance and transparency in public administration and the hydrocarbon sector."[130]
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| Template:Country data Venezuela | 7 May 1981 | See Equatorial Guinea–Venezuela relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 May 1981[55]
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Asia
| Country | Formal relations established | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Template:Country data China | 15 October 1970 | See China–Equatorial Guinea relations
The People's Republic of China and the Republic of Equatorial Guinea established diplomatic relations on October 15, 1970.[22] |
| Template:Country data India | 1968 | See Equatorial Guinea–India relations
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| Template:Country data Israel | 1968[12] |
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| Template:Country data Japan | 20 October 1980 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 October 1980[133]
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| Template:Country data North Korea | 30 January 1969 | See Equatorial Guinea–North Korea relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 January 1969[134]
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| Template:Country data South Korea | 14 September 1979 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 September 1979[135]
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| Template:Country data Turkey | 16 September 1980 | See Equatorial Guinea–Turkey relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 September 1980[48][49] |
Europe
| Country | Formal relations established | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Template:Country data Belgium | ||
| Template:Country data France | 10 July 1969 |
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 July 1969[137] Equatorial Guinea is member of the Central African Economic and Monetary Union (CEMAC), which includes Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, and Gabon. It also is a member of the Franc zone. Parallel to the Equatoguinean rapprochement with its Francophone neighbors, France's role has significantly increased following Equatorial Guinea's entry into the CFA Franc Zone and the BEAC. French technical advisers work in the finance and planning ministries, and agreements have been signed for infrastructure development projects.
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| Template:Country data Germany | 7 June 1969 | See Equatorial Guinea–Germany relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 June 1969[138]
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| Template:Country data Poland | 29 May 1979 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 May 1979[43]
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| Template:Country data Portugal | 9 May 1977 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 May 1977[139]
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| Template:Country data Russia | 7 December 1968 | See Equatorial Guinea–Russia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 December 1968[9]
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| Template:Country data Spain | 12 October 1968 | See Equatorial Guinea–Spain relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 October 1968[140] A transitional agreement, signed in October 1968, implemented a Spanish preindependence decision to assist Equatorial Guinea and provided for the temporary maintenance of Spanish military forces there. A dispute with President Francisco Macías Nguema in 1969 led to a request that all Spanish troops immediately depart, and many civilians left at the same time. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were never broken but were suspended by Spain in March 1977 in the wake of renewed disputes. After Macías' fall in 1979, President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo asked for Spanish assistance, and since then, Spain has regained influence in Equatorial Guinea's diplomatic relations. The two countries signed permanent agreements for economic and technical cooperation, private concessions, and trade relations. President Obiang made an official visit to Madrid in March 2001, and senior Spanish Foreign Ministry officials visited Malabo during 2001 as well. Spain maintained a bilateral assistance program in Equatorial Guinea. Some Equato-Guinean opposition elements are based in Spain to the annoyance of the government in Malabo.
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| Template:Country data United Kingdom | 20 June 1969 | Foreign relations of the United Kingdom
The UK established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 20 June 1969.[13]Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact.[145] |
See also
References
External links
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Equatorial Guinea
- Embassy of Equatorial Guinea in London, United Kingdom
- United States Embassy in Malabo
- Honorary Consul of Equatorial Guinea and Investment Opportunities in Bucharest, Romania (Spanish)
- Curriculum Vitae of Equatorial Guinea Foreign Minister H.E. Don Pastor Micha Ondo Bile (Spanish)
Template:Foreign relations of Equatorial Guinea Template:Africa in topicTemplate:Equatorial Guinea topics
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