5th Canadian Division: Difference between revisions

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[[Category:Divisions of Canada in World War I]]
[[Category:Divisions of Canada in World War I]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of Canada in World War I]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of Canada in World War I]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of Canada in World War II]]
[[Category:Infantry divisions of Canada]]
[[Category:Infantry divisions of Canada]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1917]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1917]]
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[[Category:Armored divisions|Canadian 5th Armoured Division]]
[[Category:Armored divisions|Canadian 5th Armoured Division]]
[[Category:Canadian World War II divisions]]
[[Category:Canadian World War II divisions]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of the British Empire in World War II]]

Latest revision as of 16:04, 2 June 2025

Template:Short description Template:Use Canadian English Template:Use mdy dates Template:More citations needed Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Short description The 5th Canadian Division is a formation of the Canadian Army responsible for the command and mobilization of most army units in the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland and Labrador; as well as some units in Kingston, Ontario. The division is recognized by the distinctive maroon patch worn on the sleeve of its soldiers.

It was first created as a formation of the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War. It was stood down during the war only to be reactivated through the renaming from '1st Canadian Armoured Division' to the 5th Canadian (Armoured) Division during the Second World War. It was stood down following demobilization and was again reactivated in 2013 with the renaming of the former Land Force Area Atlantic.

First World War

The 5th Canadian Division of the Canadian Corps was formed during World War I under Major-General Garnet Burk Hughes. The 5th began assembling in Britain in February, 1917, but was broken up in February 1918 before it was fully formed. The Division adopted a coloured formation patch identical in design to that worn by the four combatant divisions of the Canadian Corps. Its men were used as reinforcements for the other four Canadian divisions, helping to maintain the over-strength Divisions of 22,000–25,000 with more than 100,000 men total.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". It was reactivated in 2013.[1]

Infantry units

13th Canadian Brigade:

14th Canadian Brigade:

15th Canadian Brigade:

Attached Troops:

Second World War

File:5th Canadian Armoured Division formation sign.png
Formation patch used to identify vehicles of the 5th Canadian (Armoured) Division during the Second World War.

The 5th Canadian (Armoured) Division was a Canadian division during World War II. Following its redesignation from 1st Canadian Armoured Division, the bulk proceeded overseas in one main convoy, arriving in the United Kingdom at the end of November 1941.

The 5th Canadian (Armoured) Division spent two years of the war uneventfully in the United Kingdom, before finally transferring to the Mediterranean theatre in November 1943 to join the 1st Canadian Infantry Division as part of I Canadian Corps, under command of the British Eighth Army. The division moved without its tanks and vehicles, inheriting heavily used equipment as a legacy from the veteran British 7th Armoured Division ("The Desert Rats") who they relieved on the Italian Front. The majority of the vehicles were completely worn out, having first been issued in North Africa or were two-wheel drive–useless in Italy. It took several months for the division to be fully equipped with new vehicles, including M4 Shermans. Only the 11th Canadian Infantry Brigade was committed prior to 31 January 1944.[2]

The 5th Armoured took part in the Italian Campaign until the end of 1944, seeing notable action on the Hitler Line after the Allied breakthrough at Cassino in May 1944 and also during Operation Olive on the Gothic Line in August 1944. During the latter battle its single infantry brigade was augmented by a second, which was raised using reinforcements and units serving in other roles. Among them was the 4th Princess Louise Dragoon Guards–1st Canadian Division's armoured reconnaissance regiment. As with other Allied armoured divisions in the Mediterranean, local resources were used to establish an additional infantry brigade, the 12th Canadian Infantry Brigade. Based on the colour of its shoulder patch, the division became known as the "Mighty Maroon Machine".[3]

File:The British Army in North-west Europe 1944-45 BU4215.jpg
A Sherman Firefly of the 5th Canadian (Armoured) Division assists British troops of the 11th Battalion, Royal Scots Fusiliers, British 49th Infantry Division, to clear the Germans from Ede, the Netherlands, 17 April 1945.

In January 1945, the division, together with the 1st Canadian Infantry Division, as part of Operation Goldflake, moved by truck, train, and naval transport to Belgium via Livorno and Marseille. After arriving on the Western Front, it disbanded the 12th Brigade, and re-equipped to join the First Canadian Army in time to participate in the final advance into Germany.

In April 1945, the Irish Regiment of Canada was assigned to Operation Cleanser in the Netherlands. They had to liberate the route from Arnhem to Harderwijk. This unexpectedly resulted in a fierce fight at the Battle of Otterlo.

Commanding officers

Organization until July 1944 and after March 1945

5th Armoured Brigade

11th Infantry Brigade

Other units

Organization July 1944 until March 1945

5th Canadian Armoured Brigade

  • 2nd Armoured Regiment (Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians))
  • 5th Armoured Regiment (8th Princess Louise's (New Brunswick) Hussars)
  • 9th Armoured Regiment (The British Columbia Dragoons)

11th Canadian Infantry Brigade

12th Canadian Infantry Brigade (raised in August 1944)

Other units

  • 17th Field Artillery Regiment
  • 8th Field Artillery Regiment (Self-Propelled)
  • 4th Anti-tank Regiment
  • 5th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment
  • "G" Squadron, 25th Armoured Delivery Regiment (The Elgin Regiment), Royal Canadian Armoured Corps
  • 5th Canadian Armoured Division Engineers
    • 1st Field Squadron, RCE
    • 10th Field Squadron, RCE
    • 4th Field Park Squadron, RCE
    • 5th Canadian Armoured Division Bridge Troop, RCE
  • 5th Canadian Armoured Divisional Signals, RCSigs
  • No. 5 Provost Company, Canadian Provost Corps

Land Force Atlantic Area

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Land Force Atlantic Area (LFAA) was created on 1 September 1991, taking command of what was previously the militia areas and the Regular Force Army units and formations in Atlantic Canada. At that point in time, the Militia Areas ceased to exist, and the subordinate Militia Districts were reorganised.[5] Later that decade, the reserve force districts were again reorganized into two Canadian Brigade Groups. LFAA was the formation responsible for Canadian Army operations in the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island and was headquartered at Canadian Forces Base Halifax.

Organization of LFAA (2010)

Regular Force

Reserve Force

5th Canadian Division Re-Activation

In 2013, LFAA was re-designated the 5th Canadian Division and inherited the wartime heritage of the formation. The division continues to be headquartered at CFB Halifax and commands most Canadian Army units in the Atlantic provinces.

Organization

File:5th Canadian Division Structure.png
5th Canadian Division organization in 2020
Template:Mil Map Symbol 5th Canadian Division Headquarters, at CFB Halifax
Template:Mil Map Symbol 6th Canadian Combat Support Brigade
Template:Mil Map Symbol Headquarters, 6th Canadian Combat Support Brigade, at CFB Kingston[6]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 4th Artillery Regiment (General Support), RCA, at CFB Gagetown[7]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 4 Engineer Support Regiment, Royal Canadian Engineers, at CFB Gagetown[8]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 21 Electronic Warfare Regiment, Royal Canadian Signals, at CFB Kingston[9]
Template:Mil Map Symbol Canadian Army Intelligence Regiment HQ, at Kingston
Template:Mil Map Symbol Influence Activities Task Force, at Kingston
Template:Mil Map Symbol 36 Canadian Brigade Group
Template:Mil Map Symbol Headquarters, 36 Canadian Brigade Group, at Royal Artillery Park, Halifax[10][11]
Template:Mil Map Symbol The Halifax Rifles (RCAC), at Halifax Armoury, Halifax[12]
Template:Mil Map Symbol The Prince Edward Island Regiment (RCAC), at Queen Charlotte Armory, Charlottetown[13]
Template:Mil Map Symbol The Princess Louise Fusiliers, at Halifax Armoury, Halifax[12]
Template:Mil Map Symbol The West Nova Scotia Regiment, at 5 CDSB Detachment Aldershot, Kentville
Template:Mil Map Symbol The Nova Scotia Highlanders (North), at Truro Armoury, Truro[14]
Template:Mil Map Symbol The Cape Breton Highlanders, at Victoria Park Armoury, Sydney[15]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 1st (Halifax-Dartmouth) Field Artillery Regiment, Royal Canadian Artillery, at Bayers Lake Armoury, Halifax
Template:Mil Map Symbol 84th Independent Field Battery, Royal Canadian Artillery, at Yarmouth Armoury, Yarmouth[16]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 36 Combat Engineer Regiment, Royal Canadian Engineers, at CFB Shearwater[17]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 36 Signal Regiment, Royal Canadian Signals, at Willow Park armoury, Halifax[18]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 36 Service Battalion, at Willow Park armoury, Halifax[18]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 37 Canadian Brigade Group
Template:Mil Map Symbol Headquarters, 37 Canadian Brigade Group, at 5 CDSB Detachment Moncton[19]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 8th Canadian Hussars (Princess Louise's), at 5 CDSB Detachment Moncton[20]
Template:Mil Map Symbol The Royal New Brunswick Regiment (Carleton & York), at Carlton Street Armoury, Fredericton[21]
Template:Mil Map Symbol The North Shore (New Brunswick) Regiment, at Colonel CCL Gammon Armoury, Bathurst[22]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 1st Battalion, The Royal Newfoundland Regiment, at CFS St. John's[23]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 2nd Battalion, The Royal Newfoundland Regiment, at Gallipoli Armoury, Corner Brook[24]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 3rd Field Artillery Regiment (The Loyal Company), Royal Canadian Artillery, at The Barrack Green Armoury, Saint John[25]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 37 Combat Engineer Regiment, Royal Canadian Engineers, at CFS St. John's[26]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 37 Signal Regiment, Royal Canadian Signals, at CFS St. John's[27]
Template:Mil Map Symbol 37 Service Battalion, at CFS St. John's
Template:Mil Map Symbol 5th Canadian Division Support Group
Template:Mil Map Symbol 5th Canadian Division Support Base Gagetown, at CFB Gagetown
Template:Mil Map Symbol 5th Canadian Division Support Base Aldershot
Template:Mil Map Symbol 5th Canadian Division Training Centre, at CFB Gagetown
Template:Mil Map Symbol 5th Canadian Ranger Patrol Group, at CFB Gander
Template:Mil Map Symbol 3 Intelligence Company (Reserve), in Halifax

Lodger units supported by 5 CDSG

Combat Training Centre

2 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group

See also

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Notes

Template:Reflist

References

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  • Groningen, J. Niemeijer "History of 17th Field Regiment, Royal Canadian Artillery, 5th Canadian Armoured Division" by (J. Niemeijer Groningen, 1946)
  • Zuehlke, Mark, "The Liri Valley: Canada's World War II Breakthrough to Rome", Douglas & McIntyre Ltd., Vancouver, 2003

External links

Template:Canadian Army Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Infantry Division of Canada

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Dancocks p208-209
  3. ↑ Mark Zuehlke, The Liri Valley: Canada's World War II Breakthrough to Rome, Douglas & McIntyre Ltd., Vancouver, 2003, p 58.
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". and http://forums.army.ca/forums/index.php?topic=3223.0
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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