Minim (unit): Difference between revisions
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Is there any uses in papers for using an astrological for minim? There is an M with a line, but it's not the same symbol as ♍ or ♏. |
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{{Use British (Oxford) English|date=October 2016}} | {{Use British (Oxford) English|date=October 2016}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}} | ||
The '''minim''' (abbreviated '''min | The '''minim''' (abbreviated '''min''') is a [[units of measurement|unit]] of [[volume]] in both the [[Imperial unit|imperial]] and [[United States customary units|U.S. customary]] systems of measurement. Specifically, in the imperial system, it is {{frac|60}} of an [[Dram (unit)#Unit of volume|imperial fluid drachm]]<ref>also spelled ''fluidram''</ref><ref>[https://archive.org/details/bookofhouseholdm0000mrsi/page/40/mode/2up Page 40], ''The Book of Household Management'' (1861)</ref> or {{frac|480}} of an [[Fluid ounce|imperial fluid ounce]]; in the U.S. customary system, it is {{frac|60}} of a [[Dram (unit)#Unit of volume|US customary fluid dram]] or {{frac|480}} of a [[Fluid ounce|US customary fluid ounce]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070613023743/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/appendix/appendix-g.html CIA World Factbook]</ref><ref name="(médecin)1819">{{cite book|author=Robert Thomas (médecin)|title=The modern practice of physic, exhibiting the ... symptoms, prognostics, morbid appearances and improved method of treating the diseases of all climates...|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V_laAAAAQAAJ&q=Octarius&pg=PAxv<!--|accessdate=17 December 2011-->|year=1819|publisher=Longman|page=xv}}</ref> <!--Commented-out text, assertion: "In the Pharmacopoeia, it is also noted that the minim was originally created by Mr Timothy Lane, [[Fellow of the Royal Society|F.R.S.]], as {{val|61440}} parts per wine gallon."--><!--Questions: "the" Pharmacopoeia? Which one? You mean the [[British Pharmacopoeia]]? If so, then which edition thereof? Feel free to put this sentence back into the article IF a real reference citation is entered. I spent some time trying to verify the assertion using Google Books search, without the £875.00 it takes to get past the paywall of the current edition of the British Pharmacopoeia, but without success. I searched inside various 19th-century editions and Latin-to-English translations of ''The Pharmacopœia of the Royal College of Physicians of London'' but the search claimed to find no "Lane". Example editions: https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Pharmacopœia_of_the_Royal_College_o/26hdAAAAcAAJ (1809) and https://www.google.com/books/edition/Translation_of_the_Pharmacopœia_of_the/wd9ZAAAAcAAJ (1851) --> | ||
The minim was introduced in the 1809 edition of ''The Pharmacopœia of the Royal College of Physicians of London'' as a replacement for the [[drop (unit)|drop]], which had previously been the smallest unit of the [[apothecaries' system]].<ref name="LondonPowell1809">{{cite book|author1=Royal College of Physicians of London|author2=Richard Powell|title=The pharmacopoeia of the Royal College of Physicians of London, M. DCCC. IX|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pCPrAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA7<!--|accessdate=18 December 2011-->|year=1809|publisher=Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme|pages=6–7}}</ref> It was observed that the size of a drop can vary considerably depending upon the [[viscosity]] and [[specific gravity]] of the liquid. (At the time, the phenomenon of surface tension was not well understood.) The minim, on the other hand, was measured with a graduated glass tube known as a "minimometer",<ref name="Britain_1814">{{cite book|author=Philological Society (Great Britain)|title=The European magazine, and London review|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lyEYAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA123<!--|accessdate=18 December 2011-->|year=1814|publisher=Philological Society of London|page=123}}</ref> later known as the minim-tube.<ref name="Weeks-Shaw1808">{{cite book|author=Clara S. Weeks-Shaw|title=A text-book of nursing: for the use of training schools, families, and private students|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vBttAAAAMAAJ&dq=minim-tube&pg=PA107<!--|accessdate=18 December 2011-->|year=1808|publisher=D. Appleton|page=107}}</ref> The minim-tube was a type of graduated [[pipette]], a device invented in 1791 by [[François-Antoine-Henri Descroizilles]]. | The minim was introduced in the 1809 edition of ''The Pharmacopœia of the Royal College of Physicians of London'' as a replacement for the [[drop (unit)|drop]], which had previously been the smallest unit of the [[apothecaries' system]].<ref name="LondonPowell1809">{{cite book|author1=Royal College of Physicians of London|author2=Richard Powell|title=The pharmacopoeia of the Royal College of Physicians of London, M. DCCC. IX|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pCPrAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA7<!--|accessdate=18 December 2011-->|year=1809|publisher=Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme|pages=6–7}}</ref> It was observed that the size of a drop can vary considerably depending upon the [[viscosity]] and [[specific gravity]] of the liquid. (At the time, the phenomenon of surface tension was not well understood.) The minim, on the other hand, was measured with a graduated glass tube known as a "minimometer",<ref name="Britain_1814">{{cite book|author=Philological Society (Great Britain)|title=The European magazine, and London review|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lyEYAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA123<!--|accessdate=18 December 2011-->|year=1814|publisher=Philological Society of London|page=123}}</ref> later known as the minim-tube.<ref name="Weeks-Shaw1808">{{cite book|author=Clara S. Weeks-Shaw|title=A text-book of nursing: for the use of training schools, families, and private students|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vBttAAAAMAAJ&dq=minim-tube&pg=PA107<!--|accessdate=18 December 2011-->|year=1808|publisher=D. Appleton|page=107}}</ref> The minim-tube was a type of graduated [[pipette]], a device invented in 1791 by [[François-Antoine-Henri Descroizilles]]. | ||
Latest revision as of 06:18, 12 June 2025
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Distinguish". Template:Sister project Template:Use British (Oxford) English Template:Use dmy dates The minim (abbreviated min) is a unit of volume in both the imperial and U.S. customary systems of measurement. Specifically, in the imperial system, it is <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄60 of an imperial fluid drachm[1][2] or <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄480 of an imperial fluid ounce; in the U.S. customary system, it is <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄60 of a US customary fluid dram or <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />1⁄480 of a US customary fluid ounce.[3][4]
The minim was introduced in the 1809 edition of The Pharmacopœia of the Royal College of Physicians of London as a replacement for the drop, which had previously been the smallest unit of the apothecaries' system.[5] It was observed that the size of a drop can vary considerably depending upon the viscosity and specific gravity of the liquid. (At the time, the phenomenon of surface tension was not well understood.) The minim, on the other hand, was measured with a graduated glass tube known as a "minimometer",[6] later known as the minim-tube.[7] The minim-tube was a type of graduated pipette, a device invented in 1791 by François-Antoine-Henri Descroizilles.
Apothecaries' measures are fully defined in the United Kingdom's Weights and Measures Act 1878, but the UK's Weights and Measures Act 1963 provided for the abolition of the minim, fluid scruple, and fluid drachm, all already obsolete. Actual delegalization occurred on 1 February 1971.
The use of the minim, along with other such measures, has been reduced by the adoption of the metric system, and even in the least metricated countries, pharmacy is largely metricated and the apothecaries' system is deprecated. The unit may rarely persist in some countries in the measurement of dosages of medicine.
Definitions
| Imperial minim | US customary minim |
|---|---|
| Template:Sfrac imperial fluid ounce | Template:Sfrac US fluid ounce |
| Template:Sfrac UK teaspoon | Template:Sfrac US teaspoon |
| Template:Sfrac imperial fluid drachm | Template:Sfrac US fluid dram |
| 59.1938802083 microlitres (exactly) | Template:Val microlitres (exactly) |
| ≃ 0.0036122322 cubic inches[8] | Template:Sfrac cubic inch (exactly)[9] |
| ≃ 0.002001583 US fluid ounces | ≃ 0.002168422 imperial fluid ounces |
| ≈ 0.96076 US fluid minims | ≈ 1.0408427 imperial minims |
References and notes
- ↑ also spelled fluidram
- ↑ Page 40, The Book of Household Management (1861)
- ↑ CIA World Factbook
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ This assumes the international inch of exactly 25.4 millimetres.
- ↑ This assumes the international inch of exactly 25.4 millimetres. The US gallon, of 231 cubic inches, is the same as the English wine gallon.
External links
Template:Imperial units Template:United States Customary Units