Intel DX2: Difference between revisions
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[[File:80486dx2-large.jpg|thumb|i486DX2 CPU core]] | [[File:80486dx2-large.jpg|thumb|i486DX2 CPU core.]] | ||
The '''Intel486 DX2''',<ref>Hodson, Gerri, "The Intel486 DX2 Microprocessor: Speed-Doubler Technology", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, May/June 1992, page 2-5</ref> rumored as '''80486DX2''' (later rebadged '''i486DX2'''), is a [[central processing unit|CPU]] produced by [[Intel]] that was first introduced in 1992. The i486DX2 was nearly identical to the [[Intel 80486DX|i486DX]], but it had additional [[clock multiplier]] circuitry. It was the second CPU [[integrated circuit|chip]] to use [[CPU multiplier|clock doubling]], whereby the processor runs two internal logic [[clock cycle]]s per external bus cycle. An i486 DX2 was thus significantly faster than an i486 DX at the same bus speed thanks to the 8K on-chip cache shadowing the slower clocked external bus. Both 25/50 and 33/66 | The '''Intel486 DX2''',<ref>Hodson, Gerri, "The Intel486 DX2 Microprocessor: Speed-Doubler Technology", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, May/June 1992, page 2-5</ref> rumored as '''80486DX2''' (later rebadged '''i486DX2'''), is a [[central processing unit|CPU]] produced by [[Intel]] that was first introduced in 1992. The i486DX2 was nearly identical to the [[Intel 80486DX|i486DX]], but it had additional [[clock multiplier]] circuitry. It was the second CPU [[integrated circuit|chip]] to use [[CPU multiplier|clock doubling]], whereby the processor runs two internal logic [[clock cycle]]s per external bus cycle. An i486 DX2 was thus significantly faster than an i486 DX at the same bus speed thanks to the 8K on-chip cache shadowing the slower clocked external bus. Both 25/50 and 33/66 MHz Intel486 DX2 CPU uses the [[800 nm process]] technology.<ref>Intel Corporation, "Coming Attractions: Clock-Doubling Technology", Microcomputer Solutions, January/February 1992, page 6</ref> With the internal clock doubler CPU, it boosts overall system performance between 50 and 70 percent above the original Intel486 DX series.<ref>Intel Corporation, "A Guide to the Intel Architecture", Microcomputer Solutions, January/February 1992, page 11</ref> In other words, the 50-MHz Intel486 DX2 provides about 70 percent improvement over the 25-MHz Intel486 and about 30-percent improvement over the 33-MHz Intel486 CPU. The 50-MHz Intel486 DX2 CPU was rated at 40 Dhrystone MIPS.<ref>Hodson, Gerri, "The Intel486 DX2 Microprocessor: Speed-Doubler Technology", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, May/June 1992, page 2-5</ref> The 66-MHz Intel486 DX2 version performed 54 ([[Dhrystone]] V1.1) [[Instructions_per_second#Millions_of_instructions_per_second_(MIPS)|MIPS]].<ref>Intel Corporation, "New Product Focus: OEM: Speed-Doubling Technology Powers Intel486 DX2 66-MHz CPU", Microcomputer Solution, November/December 1992, Page 18</ref> | ||
The i486DX2-66 was a very popular processor for [[video game]]s enthusiasts in the early to mid-90s. Often coupled with 4 to 8 [[megabyte|MB]] of RAM and a [[VESA Local Bus|VLB]] video card, this CPU was capable of playing virtually every game title available for years after its release, right up to the end of the [[MS-DOS]] game era, making it a "sweet spot" in terms of CPU performance and longevity. The introduction of 3D graphics spelled the end of the 486's reign, because of their heavy use of [[floating point]] calculations and the need for faster [[CPU cache|cache]] and more [[memory bandwidth]]. Developers began to target the [[P5 (microarchitecture)|P5]] [[Pentium (brand)|Pentium]] processor family almost exclusively with [[x86 assembly language]] optimizations which led to the usage of terms such as ''[[Pentium compatible processor]]'' for software requirements. An i486DX2-50 version was also available, but because the bus speed was 25 MHz rather than 33 | == History == | ||
The i486DX2-66 was a very popular processor for [[video game]]s enthusiasts in the early to mid-90s. Often coupled with 4 to 8 [[megabyte|MB]] of RAM and a [[VESA Local Bus|VLB]] video card, this CPU was capable of playing virtually every game title available for years after its release, right up to the end of the [[MS-DOS]] game era, making it a "sweet spot" in terms of CPU performance and longevity. The introduction of 3D graphics spelled the end of the 486's reign, because of their heavy use of [[floating point]] calculations and the need for faster [[CPU cache|cache]] and more [[memory bandwidth]]. Developers began to target the [[P5 (microarchitecture)|P5]] [[Pentium (brand)|Pentium]] processor family almost exclusively with [[x86 assembly language]] optimizations which led to the usage of terms such as ''[[Pentium compatible processor]]'' for software requirements. An i486DX2-50 version was also available, but because the bus speed was 25 MHz rather than 33 MHz, this was a significantly less popular processor. | |||
== Versions == | |||
There are two major versions of the DX2 - Identified by P24 and P24D, the latter has a faster [[CPU cache|L1 cache]] mode, called "[[Cache (computing)#WRITE-BACK|write-back]]", that improves performance. The original P24 version offered only the slower "write-through" cache mode. [[Am486|AMD]] and [[Cyrix]] both produced a competitor for the Intel i486DX2. | There are two major versions of the DX2 - Identified by P24 and P24D, the latter has a faster [[CPU cache|L1 cache]] mode, called "[[Cache (computing)#WRITE-BACK|write-back]]", that improves performance. The original P24 version offered only the slower "write-through" cache mode. [[Am486|AMD]] and [[Cyrix]] both produced a competitor for the Intel i486DX2. | ||
The 50-MHz Intel486 DX2 were available in production volumes for US$550 each in 1,000-pieces quantities at the time of the press.<ref>Hodson, Gerri, "The Intel486 DX2 Microprocessor: Speed-Doubler Technology", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, May/June 1992, page 2-5</ref> The 66-MHz Intel486 DX2 were available for USD $682 each in 1,000-piece quantities.<ref>Intel Corporation, "New Product Focus: OEM: Speed-Doubling Technology Powers Intel486 DX2 66-MHz CPU", Microcomputer Solution, November/December 1992, Page 18</ref> | The 50-MHz Intel486 DX2 were available in production volumes for US$550 each in 1,000-pieces quantities at the time of the press.<ref>Hodson, Gerri, "The Intel486 DX2 Microprocessor: Speed-Doubler Technology", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, May/June 1992, page 2-5</ref> The 66-MHz Intel486 DX2 were available for USD $682 each in 1,000-piece quantities.<ref>Intel Corporation, "New Product Focus: OEM: Speed-Doubling Technology Powers Intel486 DX2 66-MHz CPU", Microcomputer Solution, November/December 1992, Page 18</ref> | ||
== Gallery == | |||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
File:Intel 80486DX2 top.jpg|An Intel i486DX2-66 Microprocessor, top view. | File:Intel 80486DX2 top.jpg|An Intel i486DX2-66 Microprocessor, top view. | ||
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[[Category:32-bit microprocessors]] | [[Category:32-bit microprocessors]] | ||
[[Category:Computer-related introductions in 1992]] | [[Category:Computer-related introductions in 1992]] | ||
[[de:Intel i486#i486DX2]] | [[de:Intel i486#i486DX2]] | ||
Revision as of 19:34, 7 June 2025
Template:Short description Template:Multiple issues
The Intel486 DX2,[1] rumored as 80486DX2 (later rebadged i486DX2), is a CPU produced by Intel that was first introduced in 1992. The i486DX2 was nearly identical to the i486DX, but it had additional clock multiplier circuitry. It was the second CPU chip to use clock doubling, whereby the processor runs two internal logic clock cycles per external bus cycle. An i486 DX2 was thus significantly faster than an i486 DX at the same bus speed thanks to the 8K on-chip cache shadowing the slower clocked external bus. Both 25/50 and 33/66 MHz Intel486 DX2 CPU uses the 800 nm process technology.[2] With the internal clock doubler CPU, it boosts overall system performance between 50 and 70 percent above the original Intel486 DX series.[3] In other words, the 50-MHz Intel486 DX2 provides about 70 percent improvement over the 25-MHz Intel486 and about 30-percent improvement over the 33-MHz Intel486 CPU. The 50-MHz Intel486 DX2 CPU was rated at 40 Dhrystone MIPS.[4] The 66-MHz Intel486 DX2 version performed 54 (Dhrystone V1.1) MIPS.[5]
History
The i486DX2-66 was a very popular processor for video games enthusiasts in the early to mid-90s. Often coupled with 4 to 8 MB of RAM and a VLB video card, this CPU was capable of playing virtually every game title available for years after its release, right up to the end of the MS-DOS game era, making it a "sweet spot" in terms of CPU performance and longevity. The introduction of 3D graphics spelled the end of the 486's reign, because of their heavy use of floating point calculations and the need for faster cache and more memory bandwidth. Developers began to target the P5 Pentium processor family almost exclusively with x86 assembly language optimizations which led to the usage of terms such as Pentium compatible processor for software requirements. An i486DX2-50 version was also available, but because the bus speed was 25 MHz rather than 33 MHz, this was a significantly less popular processor.
Versions
There are two major versions of the DX2 - Identified by P24 and P24D, the latter has a faster L1 cache mode, called "write-back", that improves performance. The original P24 version offered only the slower "write-through" cache mode. AMD and Cyrix both produced a competitor for the Intel i486DX2.
The 50-MHz Intel486 DX2 were available in production volumes for US$550 each in 1,000-pieces quantities at the time of the press.[6] The 66-MHz Intel486 DX2 were available for USD $682 each in 1,000-piece quantities.[7]
Gallery
-
An Intel i486DX2-66 Microprocessor, top view.
-
The bottom view with gold plated pins visible.
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Embedded i486DX2 (SL enhanced, SQFP version).
See also
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References
External links
Template:Sister project Intel Datasheets
Script error: No such module "Navbox". de:Intel i486#i486DX2
- ↑ Hodson, Gerri, "The Intel486 DX2 Microprocessor: Speed-Doubler Technology", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, May/June 1992, page 2-5
- ↑ Intel Corporation, "Coming Attractions: Clock-Doubling Technology", Microcomputer Solutions, January/February 1992, page 6
- ↑ Intel Corporation, "A Guide to the Intel Architecture", Microcomputer Solutions, January/February 1992, page 11
- ↑ Hodson, Gerri, "The Intel486 DX2 Microprocessor: Speed-Doubler Technology", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, May/June 1992, page 2-5
- ↑ Intel Corporation, "New Product Focus: OEM: Speed-Doubling Technology Powers Intel486 DX2 66-MHz CPU", Microcomputer Solution, November/December 1992, Page 18
- ↑ Hodson, Gerri, "The Intel486 DX2 Microprocessor: Speed-Doubler Technology", Intel Corporation, Microcomputer Solutions, May/June 1992, page 2-5
- ↑ Intel Corporation, "New Product Focus: OEM: Speed-Doubling Technology Powers Intel486 DX2 66-MHz CPU", Microcomputer Solution, November/December 1992, Page 18