** The Specie Resumption Act takes effect. The [[United States Note]] is valued the same as [[gold]], for the first time since the [[American Civil War]].
** The Specie Resumption Act takes effect. The [[United States Note]] is valued the same as [[gold]], for the first time since the [[American Civil War]].
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* [[January 22]] – [[Anglo-Zulu War]] – [[Battle of Isandlwana]]: A force of 1,200 British soldiers is wiped out by over 20,000 Zulu warriors.[[File:Isandhlwana.jpg|thumb|January 22: [[Battle of Isandlwana]]]]
* [[January 22]] – [[Anglo-Zulu War]] – [[Battle of Isandlwana]]: A force of 1,200 British soldiers is wiped out by over 20,000 Zulu warriors.[[File:Isandhlwana.jpg|thumb|January 22: [[Battle of Isandlwana]]]]
* [[January 23]] – [[Anglo-Zulu War]] – [[Battle of Rorke's Drift]]: Following the previous day's defeat, a smaller British force of 140 successfully repels an attack by 4,000 Zulus.[[File:Alphonse de Neuville - The defence of Rorke's Drift 1879 - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|January 22–23: [[Battle of Rorke's Drift]]]]
* [[January 23]] – [[Anglo-Zulu War]] – [[Battle of Rorke's Drift]]: Following the previous day's defeat, a smaller British force of 140 successfully repels an attack by 4,000 Zulus.[[File:Alphonse de Neuville - The defence of Rorke's Drift 1879 - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|January 22–23: [[Battle of Rorke's Drift]]]]
===February===
* [[February 3]] – Mosley Street in [[Newcastle upon Tyne]] (England) becomes the world's first public highway to be lit by the electric [[incandescent light bulb]] invented by [[Joseph Swan]].<ref>{{cite web|title=1879|work=Co-Curate|url=https://co-curate.ncl.ac.uk/1879/history/|accessdate=2022-03-21}}</ref>
* [[February 3]] – Mosley Street in [[Newcastle upon Tyne]] (England) becomes the world's first public highway to be lit by the electric [[incandescent light bulb]] invented by [[Joseph Swan]].<ref>{{cite web|title=1879|work=Co-Curate|url=https://co-curate.ncl.ac.uk/1879/history/|accessdate=2022-03-21}}</ref>
* [[February 8]] – At a meeting of the [[Royal Canadian Institute]], engineer and inventor [[Sandford Fleming]] first proposes the global adoption of [[standard time]].
* [[February 8]] – At a meeting of the [[Royal Canadian Institute]], engineer and inventor [[Sandford Fleming]] first proposes the global adoption of [[standard time]].
===March===
* [[March 3]] – [[United States Geological Survey]] is founded.
* [[March 3]] – [[United States Geological Survey]] is founded.
* [[March 11]] – The [[Ryukyu Domain]] is incorporated into the [[Okinawa Prefecture]] of [[Japan]] and the last ruler, [[Shō Tai]], exiled to Tokyo.
* [[March 11]] – The [[Ryukyu Domain]] is incorporated into the [[Okinawa Prefecture]] of [[Japan]] and the last ruler, [[Shō Tai]], exiled to Tokyo.
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* [[March 29]] – [[Anglo-Zulu War]] – [[Battle of Kambula]]: British forces defeat 20,000 [[Zulu people|Zulu]]s.
* [[March 29]] – [[Anglo-Zulu War]] – [[Battle of Kambula]]: British forces defeat 20,000 [[Zulu people|Zulu]]s.
=== April–June ===
===April===
* [[April]] – Postman [[Ferdinand Cheval]] begins to build his ''Palais Idéal'' at Hauterives in France.
* [[April 5]] – [[War of the Pacific]]: Chile formally declares war on Bolivia and Peru.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Pacific, War of the|encyclopedia=Dictionary of Wars|editor=Kohn, George C.|publisher=Infobase Publishing|year=2006|page=389}}</ref>
* [[April 5]] – [[War of the Pacific]]: Chile formally declares war on Bolivia and Peru.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Pacific, War of the|encyclopedia=Dictionary of Wars|editor=Kohn, George C.|publisher=Infobase Publishing|year=2006|page=389}}</ref>
* [[April 12]] – [[Mary Baker Eddy]] founds the [[Church of Christ, Scientist]] in [[Boston]], Massachusetts.
* [[April 12]] – [[Mary Baker Eddy]] founds the [[Church of Christ, Scientist]] in [[Boston]], Massachusetts.
* [[April 26]] – The National Park, later renamed the [[Royal National Park]], is declared in [[New South Wales]], Australia, the world's second-oldest purposed national park.
* [[April 26]] – The National Park, later renamed the [[Royal National Park]], is declared in [[New South Wales]], Australia, the world's second-oldest purposed national park.
* [[April]] – Postman [[Ferdinand Cheval]] begins to build his ''Palais Idéal'' at Hauterives in France.
===May===
* [[May 2]] – The [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party]] (''Partido Socialista Obrero Español'') is founded clandestinely at the ''Casa Labra'' [[tavern]] in [[Madrid]], by printer [[Pablo Iglesias Posse|Pablo Iglesias]].<ref>{{cite web|title=El Partido Socialista se fundó en 1879|url=http://www.psoe.es/ambito/historiapsoe/docs/index.do?action=View&id=992|publisher=PSOE|access-date=2013-02-08}}</ref>
* [[May 2]] – The [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party]] (''Partido Socialista Obrero Español'') is founded clandestinely at the ''Casa Labra'' [[tavern]] in [[Madrid]], by printer [[Pablo Iglesias Posse|Pablo Iglesias]].<ref>{{cite web|title=El Partido Socialista se fundó en 1879|url=http://www.psoe.es/ambito/historiapsoe/docs/index.do?action=View&id=992|publisher=PSOE|access-date=2013-02-08}}</ref>
* [[May 7]] – The current [[constitution of the State of California]] in the United States is ratified.
* [[May 7]] – The current [[constitution of the State of California]] in the United States is ratified.
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* [[May 26]] – Russia and the United Kingdom sign the [[Treaty of Gandamak]], establishing an [[Afghan state]].
* [[May 26]] – Russia and the United Kingdom sign the [[Treaty of Gandamak]], establishing an [[Afghan state]].
* [[May 30]] – New York City's Gilmore's Garden is renamed [[Madison Square Garden (1879)|Madison Square Garden]] by [[William Henry Vanderbilt]] and is opened to the public at 26th Street and Madison Avenue.
* [[May 30]] – New York City's Gilmore's Garden is renamed [[Madison Square Garden (1879)|Madison Square Garden]] by [[William Henry Vanderbilt]] and is opened to the public at 26th Street and Madison Avenue.
* [[June 1]] – [[Anglo-Zulu War]]: [[Louis-Napoléon, Prince Imperial]] of France, son of [[Napoléon III]], is killed in Africa while attached to the British Army.<ref name="Dodd, Mead & Co">{{cite book |editor1-last=Gilman |editor1-first=Daniel Coit |editor2-last=Peck |editor2-first=Harry Thurston |editor3-last=Colby |editor3-first=Frank Moore |title=The New International Encyclopaedia |date=1906 |publisher=Dodd, Mead & Co. |location=New York |page=246 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RTorAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA245 |access-date=10 October 2021 |chapter=NAPOLEON, Eugène Louis Jean Joseph}}</ref>
===June===
* [[June 1]] – [[Anglo-Zulu War]]: [[Louis-Napoléon, Prince Imperial]] of France, son of [[Napoléon III]], is killed in a skirmish with Zulus while attached to the British Army.<ref name="Dodd, Mead & Co">{{cite book |editor1-last=Gilman |editor1-first=Daniel Coit |editor2-last=Peck |editor2-first=Harry Thurston |editor3-last=Colby |editor3-first=Frank Moore |title=The New International Encyclopaedia |date=1906 |publisher=Dodd, Mead & Co. |location=New York |page=246 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RTorAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA245 |access-date=10 October 2021 |chapter=NAPOLEON, Eugène Louis Jean Joseph}}</ref>
* [[June 4]] – [[Yasukuni Shrine]] is officially renamed from Tokyo Shokonsha Shrine in [[Japan]].<ref>[[:ja:靖国神社#歴史]] (Japanese language) Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref>
* [[June 4]] – [[Yasukuni Shrine]] is officially renamed from Tokyo Shokonsha Shrine in [[Japan]].<ref>[[:ja:靖国神社#歴史]] (Japanese language) Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref>
* [[June 6]] – [[William Denny and Brothers]] launch the world's first ocean-going steamer to be built of [[mild steel]], the [[Rotomahana (ship)|SS ''Rotomahana'']], on the [[River Clyde]] in Scotland.<ref>{{cite web|title=SS Rotomahana|work=Clydebuilt|url=http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=10503|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050312163620/http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=10503|url-status=dead|archive-date=2005-03-12|access-date=2014-04-14}}</ref> On [[October 2]] they launch the first [[Transatlantic crossing|transatlantic]] steamer of the same material, the SS ''Buenos Ayrean''; on [[December 1]] she makes her maiden voyage out of Glasgow, bound for South America.<ref>{{cite web|title=S/S Buenos Ayrean, Allan Line|url=http://www.norwayheritage.com/p_ship.asp?sh=bueay|work=Norway Heritage|access-date=2016-03-11}}</ref>
* [[June 6]] – [[William Denny and Brothers]] launch the world's first ocean-going steamer to be built of [[mild steel]], the [[Rotomahana (ship)|SS ''Rotomahana'']], on the [[River Clyde]] in Scotland.<ref>{{cite web|title=SS Rotomahana|work=Clydebuilt|url=http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=10503|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050312163620/http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=10503|url-status=dead|archive-date=2005-03-12|access-date=2014-04-14}}</ref> On [[October 2]] they launch the first [[Transatlantic crossing|transatlantic]] steamer of the same material, the SS ''Buenos Ayrean''; on [[December 1]] she makes her maiden voyage out of Glasgow, bound for South America.<ref>{{cite web|title=S/S Buenos Ayrean, Allan Line|url=http://www.norwayheritage.com/p_ship.asp?sh=bueay|work=Norway Heritage|access-date=2016-03-11}}</ref>
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* [[June 30]] – The [[1879 Surigao earthquake]] measuring {{M|w}} 7.4 causes major damage in the northern tip of Mindanao Island.<ref name="Perez & Tsutsumi">{{cite journal |author1=Jeffrey S. Perez |author2=Hiroyuki Tsutsumi |title=Tectonic geomorphology and paleoseismology of the Surigao segment of the Philippine fault in northeastern Mindanao Island, Philippines |journal=[[Tectonophysics (journal)|Tectonophysics]] |date=2017 |volume=699 |pages=244–257 |doi=10.1016/j.tecto.2017.02.001 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040195117300471|publisher=[[Elsevier]]|bibcode=2017Tectp.699..244P |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
* [[June 30]] – The [[1879 Surigao earthquake]] measuring {{M|w}} 7.4 causes major damage in the northern tip of Mindanao Island.<ref name="Perez & Tsutsumi">{{cite journal |author1=Jeffrey S. Perez |author2=Hiroyuki Tsutsumi |title=Tectonic geomorphology and paleoseismology of the Surigao segment of the Philippine fault in northeastern Mindanao Island, Philippines |journal=[[Tectonophysics (journal)|Tectonophysics]] |date=2017 |volume=699 |pages=244–257 |doi=10.1016/j.tecto.2017.02.001 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040195117300471|publisher=[[Elsevier]]|bibcode=2017Tectp.699..244P |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
* [[July 8]] – Led by [[George W. De Long]], the ill-fated United States [[Jeannette Expedition|''Jeannette'' Expedition]] departs San Francisco, in an attempt to reach the [[North Pole]], by pioneering a route through the [[Bering Strait]].
* [[July 8]] – Led by [[George W. De Long]], the ill-fated United States [[Jeannette Expedition|''Jeannette'' Expedition]] departs San Francisco, in an attempt to reach the [[North Pole]], by pioneering a route through the [[Bering Strait]].
* [[July 16]] – The city of [[Kotka]] is founded in [[Kymenlaakso]], [[Finland]], by separating its two islands from the [[Kymi, Finland|old Kymi parish]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://heraldik.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/HT.1961.1.03.s119.pdf|title=Tre finländska stadsvapens historia|publisher=Heraldisk tidskrift|author=Bo Tennberg|language=Swedish|page=120|date=1961|accessdate=10 December 2022}}</ref>
* [[July 16]] – The city of [[Kotka]] is founded in [[Kymenlaakso]], [[Finland]], by separating its two islands from the [[Kymi, Finland|old Kymi parish]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://heraldik.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/HT.1961.1.03.s119.pdf|title=Tre finländska stadsvapens historia|publisher=Heraldisk tidskrift|author=Bo Tennberg|language=Swedish|page=120|date=1961|accessdate=10 December 2022}}</ref>
===August===
* [[August 1]] – [[Tokio Marine]] (insurer) is founded in Japan, as Tokio Marine Holdings.<ref>{{cite web |title=Group History |url=https://www.tokiomarinehd.com/en/company/history/ |website=Tokio Marine Holdings|date=1879 }}</ref>
* [[August 1]] – [[Tokio Marine]] (insurer) is founded in Japan, as Tokio Marine Holdings.<ref>{{cite web |title=Group History |url=https://www.tokiomarinehd.com/en/company/history/ |website=Tokio Marine Holdings|date=1879 }}</ref>
* [[August 16]] – [[Fulham F.C.]] is founded in London as a church soccer team.
* [[August 16]] – [[Fulham F.C.]] is founded in London as a church soccer team.
* [[August 21]] – Claimed apparition to local people at [[Knock Shrine|Knock, County Mayo, Ireland]], of the [[Marian apparition|Blessed Virgin Mary]], [[Saint Joseph]], [[Saint John the Evangelist]] and [[Jesus Christ]] (as the [[Lamb of God]]).
* [[August 21]] – Claimed apparition to local people at [[Knock Shrine|Knock, County Mayo, Ireland]], of the [[Marian apparition|Blessed Virgin Mary]], [[Saint Joseph]], [[Saint John the Evangelist]] and [[Jesus Christ]] (as the [[Lamb of God]]).
* [[September]] – [[Henry George]] self-publishes his major work ''[[Progress and Poverty]]''.<ref>Commercially published in [[1880]] by [[D. Appleton & Company]], New York.</ref>
===September===
* [[September 8]] – A fire in [[The Octagon, Dunedin]] (New Zealand), claims 12 victims.
* [[September 8]] – A fire in [[The Octagon, Dunedin]] (New Zealand), claims 12 victims.
* [[September 19]] – The [[Blackpool Illuminations]] in England are switched on for the first time.
* [[September 19]] – The [[Blackpool Illuminations]] in England are switched on for the first time.
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* [[September 26]] – [[Wilhelm Marr]] founds the ''[[:de:Antisemitenliga|Antisemitenliga]]'' (League of Antisemites),<ref>{{cite book|title=Wilhelm Marr: The Patriarch of Antisemitism|last=Zimmermann|first=Moshe|location=New York; Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=71}}</ref> the first German organization committed specifically to combating the alleged threat to German culture posed by Jews.
* [[September 26]] – [[Wilhelm Marr]] founds the ''[[:de:Antisemitenliga|Antisemitenliga]]'' (League of Antisemites),<ref>{{cite book|title=Wilhelm Marr: The Patriarch of Antisemitism|last=Zimmermann|first=Moshe|location=New York; Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=71}}</ref> the first German organization committed specifically to combating the alleged threat to German culture posed by Jews.
* [[September 29]] – [[Meeker Massacre]]: [[Nathan Meeker]] and others are killed in an uprising at the [[White River (Green River)|White River]] Ute [[Indian reservation]] in [[Colorado]].
* [[September 29]] – [[Meeker Massacre]]: [[Nathan Meeker]] and others are killed in an uprising at the [[White River (Green River)|White River]] Ute [[Indian reservation]] in [[Colorado]].
* [[September]] – [[Henry George]] self-publishes his major work ''[[Progress and Poverty]]''.<ref>Commercially published in [[1880]] by [[D. Appleton & Company]], New York.</ref>
===October–December===
===October===
[[Image:Light Bulb.jpg|thumb|October 22 – Using a filament of carbonized thread, Thomas Edison tests his first practical electric light bulb]]
[[Image:Light Bulb.jpg|thumb|October 22 – Using a filament of carbonized thread, Thomas Edison tests his first practical electric light bulb]]
*[[October 1]] – [[University of Nebraska Cornhusker Marching Band]] is founded in [[Lincoln, Nebraska]]. The group will go on to perform the first football [[halftime show]] in [[1892]] and, under Director Donald A. Lentz, invent [[Band Day]].
*[[October 1]] – [[University of Nebraska Cornhusker Marching Band]] is founded in [[Lincoln, Nebraska]]. The group will go on to perform the first football [[halftime show]] in [[1892]] and, under Director Donald A. Lentz, invent [[Band Day]].
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* [[October 22]] – Using a filament of [[carbon]]ized thread, [[Thomas Edison]] tests his first practical electric [[light bulb]] (it lasts {{frac|13|1|2}} hours before burning out).
* [[October 22]] – Using a filament of [[carbon]]ized thread, [[Thomas Edison]] tests his first practical electric [[light bulb]] (it lasts {{frac|13|1|2}} hours before burning out).
* [[October 28]] – The [[Hall effect]] is discovered by [[Edwin Hall]] at [[Johns Hopkins University]] in the United States.
* [[October 28]] – The [[Hall effect]] is discovered by [[Edwin Hall]] at [[Johns Hopkins University]] in the United States.
* [[November]] – Land is acquired for [[Simmons College of Kentucky]], a [[Historically black colleges and universities|historically black school]], established as a Baptist institution.
===November===
* [[November 4]] – [[Thomas Edison]] applies for a patent for his invention of the [[incandescent light bulb]] (U.S. Patent 223,898 will be granted on [[January 27]], [[1880]]).<ref>{{cite book|first=Abbott Payson|last=Usher|title=A History of Mechanical Inventions|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|year=1954|page=402}}</ref>
* [[November 4]] – [[Thomas Edison]] applies for a patent for his invention of the [[incandescent light bulb]] (U.S. Patent 223,898 will be granted on [[January 27]], [[1880]]).<ref>{{cite book|first=Abbott Payson|last=Usher|title=A History of Mechanical Inventions|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|year=1954|page=402}}</ref>
* [[November 10]] – The [[Bell Telephone Company]] and [[Western Union]] reach an agreement in the United States, in which the former agrees to stay out of telegraphy and the latter to keep out of the telephone business.<ref>{{cite book|first=Richard A.|last=Schwarzlose|title=The Nation's Newsbrokers: The Rush to Institution: From 1865 to 1920|publisher=Northwestern University Press|location=Evanston, IL|year=1990|page=84}}</ref>
* [[November 10]] – The [[Bell Telephone Company]] and [[Western Union]] reach an agreement in the United States, in which the former agrees to stay out of telegraphy and the latter to keep out of the telephone business.<ref>{{cite book|first=Richard A.|last=Schwarzlose|title=The Nation's Newsbrokers: The Rush to Institution: From 1865 to 1920|publisher=Northwestern University Press|location=Evanston, IL|year=1990|page=84}}</ref>
* [[November]] – Land is acquired for [[Simmons College of Kentucky]], a [[Historically black colleges and universities|historically black school]], established as a Baptist institution.
===December===
* [[December 28]] – [[Tay Bridge disaster]]: The central part of the [[Tay Rail Bridge]] at [[Dundee]], Scotland, collapses in a storm as a train passes over it, killing 75.<ref name=CBH/>
* [[December 28]] – [[Tay Bridge disaster]]: The central part of the [[Tay Rail Bridge]] at [[Dundee]], Scotland, collapses in a storm as a train passes over it, killing 75.<ref name=CBH/>
September 25 – A fire in Deadwood, South Dakota, leaves 2,000 people homeless and 300 buildings destroyed; total loss of property is estimated at $3 million.
September 26 – Wilhelm Marr founds the Antisemitenliga (League of Antisemites),[13] the first German organization committed specifically to combating the alleged threat to German culture posed by Jews.
October 22 – Using a filament of carbonized thread, Thomas Edison tests his first practical electric light bulb (it lasts <templatestyles src="Fraction/styles.css" />13+1⁄2 hours before burning out).
November 10 – The Bell Telephone Company and Western Union reach an agreement in the United States, in which the former agrees to stay out of telegraphy and the latter to keep out of the telephone business.[16]
July 22 – Janusz Korczak (pen-name of Henryk Goldszmit), Polish-Jewish children's author, pediatrician and child pedagogist (b. 1878 or 1879) (d. 1942)
↑Ehrlich, Eugene and Gorton Carruth. The Oxford Illustrated Literary Guide to the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1982: 205. Template:ISBN
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