SAIPA: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Iranian automaker}}
{{Short description|Iranian automaker}}
{{other uses|Saipa (disambiguation)}}
{{Other uses|Saipa (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = Saipa Motor Corporation
| name = Saipa Motor Corporation
| logo = SAIPA-wiki.png
| logo = SAIPA-wiki.png
| logo_size = 180
| type = [[Public company]]
| type = [[Public company]]
| traded_as = [[Tehran Stock Exchange|TSE]]:<ref>{{Cite web | title=Tehran Stock Exchange - Instrument | url=http://tse.ir/en/Instrument.html?IRO1SIPA0001 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181202155054/http://tse.ir/en/Instrument.html?IRO1SIPA0001 | access-date=2025-01-24 | archive-date=2018-12-02}}</ref> k<br />[[International Securities Identification Number|ISIN]]: IRO1SIPA0001
| traded_as = [[Tehran Stock Exchange|TSE]]: {{TSE|k}}<ref>{{Cite web | title=Tehran Stock Exchange - Instrument | url=http://tse.ir/en/Instrument.html?IRO1SIPA0001 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181202155054/http://tse.ir/en/Instrument.html?IRO1SIPA0001 | access-date=2025-01-24 | archive-date=2018-12-02}}</ref><br />[[International Securities Identification Number|ISIN]]: IRO1SIPA0001
| foundation = {{Start date and age|1965}}
| foundation = {{Start date and age|1965}}
| location = [[Tehran]], [[Iran]]
| location = [[Tehran]], [[Iran]]
| key_people = {{unbulleted list
| key_people = {{unbulleted list
   | Ali Sheikhzadeh ({{small|[[president (corporate title)|president]] and [[CEO]]}})
   | Ali Sheikhzadeh ({{small|[[Chairman of the board]]}})
  | Javad Tavasoli Mehr ({{small|[[president (corporate title)|president]] and [[CEO]]}})<ref name="CEO_Change_IRIB">{{Cite web |title=توسلی مهر مدیرعامل سایپا شد |url=https://www.iribnews.ir/fa/news/4177682/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7-%D8%B4%D8%AF  |website=IRIB News Agency |language=fa |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2024-03-09}}</ref>
  }}
  }}
| area_served =  
| area_served = Iran, Russia, Venezuela, Africa
| industry = [[Automotive industry|Automotive]]
| industry = [[Automotive industry|Automotive]]
| products = {{unbulleted list
| products = {{unbulleted list
Line 19: Line 21:
   | [[List of auto parts|Automotive parts]]
   | [[List of auto parts|Automotive parts]]
   }}
   }}
| revenue = {{increase}} US$ 21.7&nbsp;billion <small>(2023)</small><ref name="Top 100 Iranian Companies">{{Cite web| url=http://imi100.imi.ir/IMIDocs/gozaresh%20vije%20IMI%20correction2.pdf | title=گزارش ويژه  - هاي برتر ايرانهمايش شركت | language=fa | trans-title=Special Report - Iran Conference Company's Top Stories | access-date=2012-02-21 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130309032529/http://imi100.imi.ir/IMIDocs/gozaresh%20vije%20IMI%20correction2.pdf | archive-date=2013-03-09}} Top 100 Iranian Companies</ref>
| revenue = {{increase}} US$21.7&nbsp;billion <small>(2023)</small>{{citation needed|date=November 2025}}
| operating_income =  
| operating_income =  
| net_income =  
| net_income =  
| num_employees = 48,000 <small>(2012)</small><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ireconomy.ir/fa/page/9758/+%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88+%D9%88+%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%9B+%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%DA%A9%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C+%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C+%D8%AF%D8%B1+%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86+.html |title=ایران‌خودرو و سایپا؛ رکورددار کمترین‌ بهره‌وری‌ در جهان |access-date=2014-01-04 |archive-date=2016-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402162726/http://ireconomy.ir/fa/page/9758/+%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88+%D9%88+%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%9B+%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%DA%A9%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C+%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C+%D8%AF%D8%B1+%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86+.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| num_employees = 48,000 <small>(2012)</small><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ireconomy.ir/fa/page/9758/ |title=ایران‌خودرو و سایپا؛ رکورددار کمترین‌ بهره‌وری‌ در جهان |access-date=2014-01-04 |archive-date=2016-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402162726/http://ireconomy.ir/fa/page/9758/ |url-status=dead |language=fa}}</ref>
| parent =  
| parent =  
| subsid = [[Saipa Diesel]]<br />[[Pars Khodro]]<br />[[Zamyad Co.]]<br />SAIPA CITROËN
| subsid = {{unbulleted list
  | [[Saipa Diesel]]
  | [[Pars Khodro]]
  | [[Zamyad Co.]]
  | Megamotor
  | Sazeh Gostar Saipa
  | SAIPA CITROËN
  }}
| owner = {{unbulleted list
| owner = {{unbulleted list
   | [[IDRO Group|The Industrial Development & Renovation Organization of Iran (IDRO)]] (35.75%)
   | [[IDRO Group|Industrial Development & Renovation Organization of Iran (IDRO)]] (35.75%)
  | Public float
   }}
   }}
| homepage = [http://www.saipacorp.com www.saipacorp.com]
| homepage = {{URL|www.saipacorp.com}}
| footnotes =  
| footnotes = The company was legally classified as "at risk of bankruptcy" under Article 141 of Iran's trade law due to accumulated losses exceeding its capital. As of March 2025, capital increases have partially mitigated this regulatory status, though oversight continues.<ref name="Article141_Digiato">{{Cite web |title=خطر ورشکستگی ایران خودرو و سایپا با افزایش سرمایه از بین رفت |url=https://digiato.com/car-news/risk-of-bankruptcy-for-iran-khodro-and-saipa-eliminated-with-capital-increase  |website=Digiato |language=fa |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2025-03-01}}</ref><ref name="Article141_Farhikhtegan">{{Cite web |title=طرح سایپا و ایران خودرو برای جبران ورشکستگی |url=https://farhikhtegandaily.com/page/241513/  |website=Farhikhtegan Daily |language=fa |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2023-08-28}}</ref>
}}
}}


'''SAIPA''' ({{langx|fa|سایپا}}, ''SAIPA'') is an Iranian automaker headquartered in [[Tehran]]. The SAIPAC (an [[acronym]] for the French ''Société anonyme iranienne de production des automobiles Citroën'' lit. ''Iranian Limited Company for the Production of Citroën Automobiles'')<ref name="SAIPAC">{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=20359013 |title=Company Overview of Société anonyme iranienne de production automobile |publisher=Bloomberg |access-date=August 11, 2017}}</ref> was established in 1965<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saipacorp.com/en/saipagroup/history |title=History |publisher=SAIPA |access-date=August 11, 2017 |archive-date=May 8, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508133357/http://www.saipacorp.com/en/saipagroup/history |url-status=dead }}</ref> as with 75% [[Iran]]ian ownership, to assemble [[Citroën]]s under license for the Iranian market. It changed its name into SAIPA (''Société anonyme iranienne de production automobile'') in 1975<ref name="SAIPAC" /> when Citroën withdrew from the company.<ref name="2CVDerivatives">{{cite book |author=Marie & Étienne Christian |title = 2CV Citroën - Ses dérivés, Baby Brousse, Dalat, FAF et autres |isbn = 978-2-910434-39-7 |publisher = L'Autodrome Éditions |year = 2014 |language = fr}}</ref> Its products in recent years have been mostly under-licensed Korean cars and its own engine and range of cars. The [[chief executive officer|chief executive]] ([[president (corporate title)|president]] or [[managing director]]) of SAIPA is Ali Sheikhzadeh.
'''SAIPA''' ({{langx|fa|سایپا}}) is an Iranian automaker headquartered in [[Tehran]]. Originally established in 1965 as '''SAIPAC''' (an [[acronym]] for the French ''Société Anonyme Iranienne de Production des Automobiles Citroën'', lit. ''Iranian Limited Company for the Production of Citroën Automobiles''),<ref name="SAIPAC">{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=20359013 |title=Company Overview of Société anonyme iranienne de production automobile |publisher=Bloomberg |access-date=2017-08-11}}</ref> the company was created with 75% [[Iran]]ian ownership to assemble [[Citroën]] vehicles under license for the Iranian market.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saipacorp.com/en/saipagroup/history |title=History |publisher=SAIPA |access-date=2017-08-11 |archive-date=2016-05-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508133357/http://www.saipacorp.com/en/saipagroup/history |url-status=dead}}</ref> Following Citroën's withdrawal in 1975, the company changed its name to SAIPA (''Société Anonyme Iranienne de Production Automobile'') and has since evolved into Iran's second-largest automaker.<ref name="2CVDerivatives">{{cite book |author=Marie & Étienne Christian |title=2CV Citroën - Ses dérivés, Baby Brousse, Dalat, FAF et autres |isbn=978-2-910434-39-7 |publisher=L'Autodrome Éditions |year=2014 |language=fr}}</ref>


The main subsidiaries of SAIPA Group are [[Saipa Diesel]], [[Pars Khodro]] and [[Zamyad Co.]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saipacorp.com/en/saipagroupsubsidaries/default.asp |title=Saipa |access-date=2024-08-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414013244/http://www.saipacorp.com/en/saipagroupsubsidaries/default.asp |archive-date=2010-04-14 }} SAIPA Groups' Subsidiaries</ref>
The company is partially state-owned by the [[IDRO Group|Industrial Development and Renovation Organization of Iran]] (IDRO), the largest shareholder with 35.75% of shares.<ref name="ownership">{{cite web |url=http://www.ifmat.org/entity-detail/crouse-company-is-working-with-entities-sanctioned-by-us/  |title=Crouse Company is working with entities sanctioned by U.S. |publisher=IFMAT |date=2019-04-15 |access-date=2025-11-18}}</ref> SAIPA's main subsidiaries include [[Saipa Diesel]], [[Pars Khodro]], [[Zamyad Co.]], Megamotor, and Sazeh Gostar Saipa.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saipacorp.com/en/saipagroupsubsidaries/default.asp |title=SAIPA Groups' Subsidiaries |access-date=2024-08-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414013244/http://www.saipacorp.com/en/saipagroupsubsidaries/default.asp |archive-date=2010-04-14}}</ref>
 
Despite generating substantial revenue, the company has faced severe financial challenges due to accumulated losses exceeding its capital. As of 2024, it remained subject to Article 141 of Iranian trade law, though capital increases in 2024–2025 have partially mitigated this status.<ref name="Article141_Digiato"/><ref name="Article141_Farhikhtegan"/>


==History==
==History==
SAIPA began by assembling Citroën's two-cylinder mini car, the [[Citroën Dyane|Dyane]], in 1968. It went under the name Jyane (or Jian) in Iran. SAIPA built 120,000 Jyane models.<ref name="cz">{{cite book|url=http://www.grada.cz|title=Citroën 2CV - historie vÿvoj teknika sport|author=Jïfï Fiala|page=407|publisher=Grada Publishing s.a.|year=2012|isbn = 978-80-247-3382-1|access-date=16 January 2022}}</ref>
 
===Early years (1965–1980)===
SAIPA began operations in 1965, assembling Citroën vehicles for the domestic market.<ref name="psa-framework">{{cite web |url=https://media.stellantis.com/uk-en/psa/press/psa-group-and-saipa-signed-citroen-framework-agreement-iran  |title=PSA Group and SAIPA signed for Citroën a framework agreement in Iran |publisher=Stellantis Media |date=2016-07-20 |access-date=2025-11-18}}</ref> The company's first major product was the [[Citroën Dyane]], marketed locally as the Jyane (or Jian), which entered production in 1968. SAIPA manufactured approximately 120,000 units of the Jyane before production ended.<ref name="cz">{{cite book |url=http://www.grada.cz |title=Citroën 2CV - historie vÿvoj teknika sport |author=Jïfï Fiala |page=407 |publisher=Grada Publishing s.a. |year=2012 |isbn=978-80-247-3382-1 |access-date=2022-01-16}}</ref>
 
[[File:Citroën Jyane 602 built in Iran Detail.jpg|thumb|left|150px|SAIPA Iranian Citroën Dyane 'Jyane 602' nameplate]]
[[File:Citroën Jyane 602 built in Iran Detail.jpg|thumb|left|150px|SAIPA Iranian Citroën Dyane 'Jyane 602' nameplate]]
There was also a glazed panel van version of the Jyane, as well as the [[Baby-Brousse]], a rustic little buggy in the style of a [[Citroën Méhari]] but with a metal body.<ref name="salon73">{{Cite journal | editor = Hersant, Jacques |date=September 1973 | title = Le Salon de l'Auto 1973: Toutes les Voitures du Monde | issue = 14 & 15 | page = 223 | journal = L'Auto Journal | location = Paris | language = fr }}</ref> Later, a pickup version of the Jyane also appeared. The Baby-Brousse was built from 1970 until 1979. In 1975 Saipa began manufacturing licensed versions of the original [[Renault 5]] and later the [[Renault 21]]. Production of Citroëns ended in 1980.<ref name=WOC>{{cite book | title = World of Cars 2006·2007 | publisher = Media Connection Sp. z o.o. | location = Warsaw, Poland | pages = 156–157 | year = 2006 }}</ref>


From 1986 to 1998 SAIPA built the Z24 pickup, a license-built version of the 1970-1980 [[Nissan Junior]] with a 2.4-litre engine. In 1998 SAIPA took over the Zamyad company, which then undertook the production of the Z24. Since 2003, this truck has been sold under the Zamyad brand.<ref name=WOC/>
The company also produced several variants including a glazed panel van version and the [[Baby-Brousse]], a utility vehicle similar to the [[Citroën Méhari]] but with a metal body.<ref name="salon73">{{Cite journal |editor=Hersant, Jacques |date=September 1973 |title=Le Salon de l'Auto 1973: Toutes les Voitures du Monde |issue=14 & 15 |page=223 |journal=L'Auto Journal |location=Paris |language=fr}}</ref> A pickup version of the Jyane also appeared. The Baby-Brousse was manufactured from 1970 until 1979.


Renault 5 production ended in 1994 ([[Pars Khodro]] took over the production lines) and the 21 was discontinued in 1997.<ref name=WOC/> In 1993 a relationship with [[Kia Motors|KIA]] began, and production of the [[Ford Festiva|Kia Pride]] commenced. SAIPA's Pride is marketed under the names Saba (saloon) and Nasim (hatchback). At the 2001 Tehran Motor Show the liftback Saipa 141 was added to the lineup. This is a five-door version based on the Saba and is somewhat longer than the Nasim. The Pride series cars carry 97% local content.<ref name=WOC/> From 2001 to late 2010,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.tabnak.ir/fa/news/119651 | title=توقف تولید "زانتیا" از اول مهر }}</ref> SAIPA produced the [[Citroën Xantia]] under license.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://iran-daily.com/1385/2599/html/focus.htm |title=Iran Daily - Economic Focus - 07/02/06 |access-date=2006-10-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313040947/http://iran-daily.com/1385/2599/html/focus.htm |archive-date=2007-03-13 }}</ref> Sedan models of the previous generation [[Kia Rio]] were assembled using parts imported from [[Korea]] from May 2005 to late 2012, when SAIPA lost its license to produce them.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hamshahrionline.ir/details/150056|title=توقف خط تولید خودرو سواری ریو تا پایان امسال|date=November 2011 |access-date=28 December 2014}}</ref>
In 1975, SAIPA began manufacturing licensed versions of the [[Renault 5]] and later the [[Renault 21]]. Production of Citroën vehicles ceased in 1980 following the company's name change to SAIPA.<ref name=WOC>{{cite book |title=World of Cars 2006·2007 |publisher=Media Connection Sp. z o.o. |location=Warsaw, Poland |pages=156–157 |year=2006}}</ref>


In 2000, SAIPA launched its own design, the 701 Caravan minivan, face-lifted in 2003.
===Expansion and partnerships (1986–2000)===
From 1986 to 1998, SAIPA produced the Z24 pickup truck, a licensed version of the 1970–1980 [[Nissan Junior]] with a 2.4-litre engine. In 1998, SAIPA acquired Zamyad company, which then undertook production of the Z24. Since 2003, this truck has been sold under the Zamyad brand.<ref name=WOC/>


In 2002, a lift-back version of the Saba was introduced as the [[SAIPA 141|141]]. Models [[SAIPA 132|132]] debuted in 2007 and [[Saipa 111|111]] in 2009.<ref name="saipacorp.com" /> The Iran-made "SAIPA National Engine 231" was introduced in November 2008.<ref>{{Cite web | title=Iran Daily - Domestic Economy - 11/27/08 | url=http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3281/html/economy.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201004545/http://www.iran-daily.com:80/1387/3281/html/economy.htm | access-date=2025-01-24 | archive-date=2008-12-01}}</ref>
Renault 5 production ended in 1994 when [[Pars Khodro]] took over the production lines, and the Renault 21 was discontinued in 1997.<ref name=WOC/> In 1993, SAIPA established a partnership with [[Kia Motors]], beginning production of the [[Ford Festiva|Kia Pride]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2020/05/iran-2003-saipa-pride-ends-36-years-of-paykan-domination-in-best-sellers/ |title=Iran 2003: Saipa Pride ends 36 years of Paykan domination in best sellers |website=Best Selling Cars Blog |date=2020-05-19 |access-date=2025-11-18}}</ref> The Pride, marketed as Saba (saloon) and Nasim (hatchback), achieved 97% local content production.<ref name=WOC/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.just-auto.com/analysis/irans-automotive-industry-a-developing-opportunity/ |title=Iran's automotive industry - a developing opportunity |publisher=Just Auto |date=2003-09-15 |access-date=2025-11-18}}</ref>


In December 2008, the [[Saipa Tiba|Tiba/Miniator]] debuted the Tiba with a 4-cylinder gas engine and [[Anti-lock braking system|ABS]], averaging 7 liters of gasoline per 100 kilometers and putting out {{convert|80|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} with a displacement of 1,500&nbsp;cc. The price quoted at the time of its launch was less than 100 million rials (US$10,000). The car was designed in country and produced with the services of some 122 local manufacturers. 15,000 Tiba were to be produced in 2009. Production over the succeeding three years was to reach 200,000 per year by a new subsidiary, Kashan SAIPA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2008/12/15/302973.html|title=SAIPA Unveils New Miniator in Iran|access-date=28 December 2014}}</ref> The Tiba is expected to replace the [[Kia Pride]]. The share of Tiba/Miniator in SAIPA's exports will be about 20 percent by 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3294/html/index.htm |title=Iran Daily - Front Page - 12/14/08 |access-date=2008-12-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090130042500/http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3294/html/index.htm |archive-date=2009-01-30 }}</ref> The model was originally named Miniator but was later changed to Tiba (gazelle).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.payvand.com/news/10/may/1098.html|title=Iran unveils domestic automobile "Tiba"|access-date=28 December 2014|archive-date=22 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140822030605/http://www.payvand.com/news/10/may/1098.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In 2000, SAIPA acquired 51% of [[Pars Khodro]].<ref name="FT_ParsKhodro_History">{{cite news |title=Pars Khodro: Past and Present |url=https://financialtribune.com/articles/auto/57138/pars-khodro-past-and-present  |work=Financial Tribune |date=2017-01-14 |access-date=2025-11-18}}</ref> The same year, the company launched its first domestically designed vehicle, the 701 Caravan minivan, which received a facelift in 2003.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://autolastgh.com/saipa/ |title=Saipa |website=Autolast Ghana |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2025-08-16}}</ref>


In 2012, a pick-up version of the [[Ford Festiva|SAIPA Pride]] was introduced as the 151.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pedal.ir/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AF-151-%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7/|title=وانت کارا، فرزند تازه پراید - مجله پدال|access-date=28 December 2014}}</ref>
===Modern development (2001–present)===
From 2001 to late 2010, SAIPA produced the [[Citroën Xantia]] under license.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://iran-daily.com/1385/2599/html/focus.htm  |title=Iran Daily - Economic Focus - 07/02/06 |access-date=2006-10-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313040947/http://iran-daily.com/1385/2599/html/focus.htm  |archive-date=2007-03-13}}</ref> Between May 2005 and late 2012, the company assembled the previous generation [[Kia Rio]] using parts imported from [[South Korea]].<ref name="Rio_Stop_Hamshahri">{{cite web |url=http://hamshahrionline.ir/details/150056  |title=توقف خط تولید خودرو سواری ریو تا پایان امسال |date=November 2011 |access-date=2014-12-28 |language=fa |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228172900/http://hamshahrionline.ir/details/150056  |archive-date=2014-12-28}}</ref>


In 2015, the company began the production of cars derived from Chinese manufacturers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saipacorp.com/en/allproducts/saipa/ario|title=Ario|website=www.saipacorp.com|access-date=2015-12-20|archive-date=2021-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628141009/http://www.saipacorp.com/en/allproducts/Saipa/Ario|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In 2002, SAIPA introduced the [[SAIPA 141|141]], a liftback version of the Saba. The [[SAIPA 132|132]] model followed in 2007, and the [[Saipa 111|111]] in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://autocade.net/index.php/SAIPA_132  |title=SAIPA 132 |website=Autocade |date=2023-11-10 |access-date=2025-11-18}}</ref> In November 2008, SAIPA introduced the domestically developed "SAIPA National Engine 231".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iran Daily - Domestic Economy - 11/27/08 |url=http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3281/html/economy.htm  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201004545/http://www.iran-daily.com:80/1387/3281/html/economy.htm  |access-date=2025-01-24 |archive-date=2008-12-01}}</ref>


In 2019, it was reported in the press that the SAIPA Quik was due to be assembled by an African firm as the Mureza Prim8 in [[Rosslyn, South Africa]],<ref>{{Cite web | title=A major leap for Africa as first black-owned car building company begins sales in SA {{!}} Life | url=https://www.news24.com/life/archive/a-major-leap-for-africa-as-first-black-owned-car-building-company-begins-sales-in-sa-20210723-2 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605105411/https://www.news24.com/life/archive/a-major-leap-for-africa-as-first-black-owned-car-building-company-begins-sales-in-sa-20210723-2 | access-date=2025-01-24 | archive-date=2023-06-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title=Mureza denies Twitter claims it has begun selling cars | url=https://www.businesslive.co.za/bd/life/motoring/2023-05-24-mureza-denies-twitter-claims-it-has-begun-selling-cars/#google_vignette | access-date=2025-01-24 | website=www.businesslive.co.za}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Mureza Auto Company to distribute Iranian cars in South Africa |url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/440283/Mureza-Auto-Company-to-distribute-Iranian-cars-in-South-Africa |access-date=2024-10-25 |website=Tehran Times |language=en}}</ref> with the company hoping to start production at the [[Willowvale Motor Industries]] plant<ref>{{Cite web | title=Mureza flying the flag for the African motor industry {{!}} Citypress | url=https://www.news24.com/citypress/business/mureza-flying-the-flag-for-the-african-motor-industry-20191004 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607064248/https://www.news24.com/citypress/Business/mureza-flying-the-flag-for-the-african-motor-industry-20191004 | access-date=2025-01-24 | archive-date=2020-06-07}}</ref> in Zimbabwe in the following years.
The [[Saipa Tiba|Tiba]], originally named Miniator, debuted in December 2008 as SAIPA's first domestically designed small car. It featured a 1,500cc four-cylinder engine producing {{convert|80|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} with [[Anti-lock braking system|ABS]], and averaged 7 liters per 100 kilometers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2008/12/15/302973.html  |title=SAIPA Unveils New Miniator in Iran |access-date=2014-12-28}}</ref>


==Pars Khodro acquisition ==
In 2012, a pickup version of the [[Ford Festiva|SAIPA Pride]] was introduced as the 151.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pedal.ir/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AF-151-%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7/  |title=وانت کارا، فرزند تازه پراید - مجله پدال |access-date=2014-12-28 |language=fa}}</ref>


In 2000, SAIPA purchased 51% of [[Pars Khodro]], where it manufactured the Citroën C5.
In 2015, SAIPA began producing vehicles derived from Chinese manufacturers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saipacorp.com/en/allproducts/saipa/ario  |title=Ario |website=www.saipacorp.com |access-date=2015-12-20 |archive-date=2021-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628141009/http://www.saipacorp.com/en/allproducts/Saipa/Ario  |url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2016, SAIPA and PSA Group signed a framework agreement to resume cooperation on Citroën vehicles in Iran.<ref name="psa-framework"/>


Since 2018, Pars Khodro has mainly assembled a range of Chinese models, but other products include the SAIPA Renault Pars Tondar,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://autocade.net/index.php/SAIPA_Renault_Pars_Tondar|title=SAIPA Renault Pars Tondar - Autocade|website=autocade.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.carscoops.com/2020/11/iranian-carmaker-to-restart-old-dacia-logan-production-without-renaults-involvement/|title=Iranian Carmaker To Restart Old Dacia Logan Production Without Renault's Involvement |publisher=Carscoops |date=2020-11-14 }}</ref> an updated locally built version of the first-generation [[Dacia Logan]], which used to be assembled by SAIPA and its subsidiary Pars Khodro in a [[Renault Pars|joint venture]] with [[Renault]] (Dacia's parent company).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.renault.co.ir/?lang=en&page=31-02|title=Renault Pars|access-date=28 December 2014}}</ref> Originally known as the Renault Tondar 90, the company received over 100,000 orders for the car within a week of it going on sale in March 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20070311/wl_mideast_afp/iraneconomyautofrance_070311150403 |title=Renault drives back into Iranian market - Yahoo! News |website=news.yahoo.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070318111619/http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20070311/wl_mideast_afp/iraneconomyautofrance_070311150403 |archive-date=2007-03-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.ftd.de/karriere_management/business_english/:Business%20English%20Sales%20Iranian/175862.html | title=Sales of new Iranian car soar, sight unseen | date=2007-03-21 | access-date=2014-08-09 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720203548/http://www.ftd.de/karriere_management/business_english/:Business%20English%20Sales%20Iranian/175862.html | archive-date=2011-07-20}}</ref>
==Corporate structure and subsidiaries==
SAIPA's production is highly integrated, relying on several key subsidiaries to manage its powertrain and supply chain:


Production was launched in [[Venezuela]] in 2006 and in [[Syria]] in 2007.<ref name="saipacorp.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.saipacorp.com/portal/Home/Default.aspx?CategoryID=2813e2bb-ad71-4a87-9094-d55c17771826 |title=پورتال شرکت سایپا |access-date=2017-04-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213231348/http://www.saipacorp.com/portal/Home/Default.aspx?CategoryID=2813e2bb-ad71-4a87-9094-d55c17771826 |archive-date=2014-12-13 }}</ref>
*'''Megamotor (SAIPA)''': Founded in 1993, Megamotor is responsible for the design and production of engines, gearboxes, and axles for SAIPA vehicles. It produces the upgraded M15 Plus engine and the new 16-valve ME16 engine (based on the [[PSA_TU_engine#EC|PSA EC5 engine]]) with high local content.<ref name="Megamotor_M16_AsbeBokhar">{{Cite web |title=پیشرانه جدید کوییک و اطلس مشخص شد ؛ خداحافظی با موتور 8 سوپاپ |url=https://asbe-bokhar.com/article/news/quik-atlas-new-engine-m16k/  |website=Asbe Bokhar |language=fa |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2024-06-19}}</ref>


== Models ==
*'''Sazeh Gostar Saipa''': This subsidiary manages SAIPA's extensive supply chain, coordinating with over 846 local parts manufacturers. This network is key to SAIPA achieving high localization rates for its vehicles.<ref name="Khatebazar_Subsidiaries">{{Cite web |title=دومین باخت سایپا در دوران توسلی مهر/حکم جدید غیرسیاسی ترین متخصص سایپا |url=https://khatebazar.ir/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA-%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87-%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B5-%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%85-%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF/  |website=Khat e Bazar |language=fa |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2024-06-08}}</ref>
{{unreferenced section|date=April 2023}}
 
*'''Other key subsidiaries''': The group includes specialized parts manufacturers such as SAIPA Azin (vehicle seats), Saipa Plascokar (plastic components), Saipa Press (body panels), Iran Radiator, Saipa Glass, and Zar Springs.
 
*'''[[Zamyad Co.]]''': Produces commercial vehicles, including the Z24 pickup which holds approximately 38% market share in Iran's commercial vehicle segment.
 
*'''[[Pars Khodro]]''': A major subsidiary that assembles SAIPA, Renault, and Chinese-licensed models.
 
===SAIPA CITROËN===
Following the 2016 framework agreement with PSA Group, SAIPA established SAIPA CITROËN as a joint venture subsidiary to manufacture and distribute Citroën vehicles in Iran.<ref name="psa-framework"/>
 
===Pars Khodro===
In 2000, SAIPA acquired 51% of [[Pars Khodro]], where it has manufactured various models including the Citroën C5.<ref name="FT_ParsKhodro_History"/>
 
Since 2018, Pars Khodro has primarily assembled Chinese-derived models alongside the SAIPA Renault Pars Tondar,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://autocade.net/index.php/SAIPA_Renault_Pars_Tondar  |title=SAIPA Renault Pars Tondar - Autocade |website=autocade.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.carscoops.com/2020/11/iranian-carmaker-to-restart-old-dacia-logan-production-without-renaults-involvement/  |title=Iranian Carmaker To Restart Old Dacia Logan Production Without Renault's Involvement |publisher=Carscoops |date=2020-11-14}}</ref> an updated locally built version of the first-generation [[Dacia Logan]], which was previously assembled in a [[Renault Pars|joint venture]] with [[Renault]] (Dacia's parent company).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.renault.co.ir/?lang=en&page=31-02  |title=Renault Pars |access-date=2014-12-28}}</ref> Originally known as the Renault Tondar 90, the company received over 100,000 orders within one week of its March 2007 launch.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20070311/wl_mideast_afp/iraneconomyautofrance_070311150403  |title=Renault drives back into Iranian market |website=Yahoo! News |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070318111619/http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20070311/wl_mideast_afp/iraneconomyautofrance_070311150403  |archive-date=2007-03-18}}</ref>
 
==Production and market position==
SAIPA is Iran's second-largest automaker. In 2024, the company produced 992,102 vehicles, representing a 13.9% decrease compared to 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2025/02/iran-full-year-2024-saipa-tiba-1-iran-khodro-samand-up-saipa/  |title=Iran Full Year 2024: Saipa Tiba #1, Iran Khodro Samand up, Saipa Quick down |website=Best Selling Cars Blog |date=2025-02-16 |access-date=2025-11-18}}</ref> In the first half of 2025, passenger car production fell by 35.6% to 109,619 units compared to 170,417 in the same period of 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://trend.az/iran/3871863.html  |title=Iran's Saipa hits bump in passenger car production |publisher=Trend.az |date=2025-10-13 |access-date=2025-11-18}}</ref>
 
For the eleven-month period ending February 2025, SAIPA manufactured 315,131 vehicles, including 192,447 units from the X200 family (Tiba, Quick, and Saina), 44,911 Shahin sedans, 11,568 Changan vehicles, and 65,865 pickups.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ice.it/en/news/news/221682  |title=Iran's car production exceeds 896,000 in 11 months |publisher=ICE |date=2025-03-01 |access-date=2025-11-18}}</ref>
 
==Vehicle platforms and technology==
SAIPA's modern vehicle lineup is based on two primary platforms:
 
*'''X200 Platform''': A platform based on the 1980s [[Kia Pride]] architecture. It underpins the [[Saipa Tiba|Tiba]] (2008), [[Saipa Saina|Saina]] (2015), [[Saipa Quik|Quik]] (2017), and [[Saipa Atlas|Atlas]] (2022).<ref name="X200_AutoWeek">{{Cite web |title=Saipa Atlas: Irans nieuwe trots is oude Kia Pride |url=https://www.autoweek.nl/autonieuws/artikel/saipa-atlas-irans-nieuwe-trots-is-oude-kia-pride/  |website=AutoWeek.nl |language=nl |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2022-12-13}}</ref>
 
*'''SP100 Platform''': A modern platform developed domestically by SAIPA to meet [[Euro 5]] emission standards. It underpins the [[Saipa Shahin|Shahin]] sedan (2019), [[Saipa Aria|Aria]] crossover (2022), and [[Saipa Sahand|Sahand]] sedan (2023).<ref name="SP100_SpeedMe">{{Cite web |title=Saipa Aria 1404 crossover debuts: 2.0L engine, rich tech |url=https://speedme.ru/en/posts/id93-saipa-aria-1404-crossover-debuts-2.0l-engine-rich-tech  |website=SpeedMe.ru |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2025-08-27}}</ref>
 
===Hybrid technology===
SAIPA unveiled its first [[plug-in hybrid vehicle|plug-in hybrid]] (PHEV), the Saipa Aria PHEV, in October 2025.<ref name="AriaPHEV_Borna">{{Cite web |title=Saipa unveils Iran's first plug-in hybrid |url=https://borna.news/en/news/1947/saipa-unveils-iran%E2%80%99s-first-plug-in-hybrid |website=Borna News |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2025-10-23}}</ref> The vehicle features a 20&nbsp;kWh battery, an 85&nbsp;kW [[Atkinson cycle]] engine, and a 160&nbsp;kW electric motor.<ref name="SP100_Khodrobank">{{Cite web |title=رونمایی آریا پلاگین هیبرید؛ گام مهم سایپا در مسیر برقی‌سازی و نخستین PHEV ملی |url=https://www.khodrobank.com/reviews/40604/  |website=Khodrobank |language=fa |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2025-10-23}}</ref> This marks Iran's first domestically developed plug-in hybrid car.<ref name="AriaPHEV_Borna"/>
 
==International operations==
SAIPA has established international assembly and distribution operations in several countries:
 
*'''Russia and Belarus''': In 2023, SAIPA signed a deal valued at €450 million (approximately $497 million) to export 45,000 cars to Russia. However, the operation has faced challenges with distribution and pricing competition.<ref name="Russia_Deal_Caspian">{{Cite web |title=Iran Signs $450M Deal to Export Cars to Russia |url=https://caspiannews.com/news-detail/iran-signs-450m-deal-to-export-cars-to-russia-2023-2-23-0/  |website=Caspian News |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2023-02-23}}</ref><ref name="Russia_Deal_AlMashareq">{{Cite web |title=Iran targets Russian, Belarusian auto markets with nebulous deals |url=https://almashareq.com/en_GB/articles/cnmi_am/features/2023/04/10/feature-05  |website=Al-Mashareq |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2023-04-10}}</ref>
 
*'''Venezuela and Syria''': SAIPA is working to revive its joint venture, Venirauto (partially owned by SAIPA and [[Iran Khodro]]), to produce SAIPA models locally.<ref name="Venirauto_UANI">{{Cite web |title=Other Sectors - Iran and Venezuela |url=https://www.unitedagainstnucleariran.com/iran-and-venezuela/other-sectors  |website=United Against Nuclear Iran |access-date=2025-11-18}}</ref> Production was launched in Venezuela in 2006 and in Syria in 2007.<ref name="saipacorp.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.saipacorp.com/portal/Home/Default.aspx?CategoryID=2813e2bb-ad71-4a87-9094-d55c17771826  |title=پورتال شرکت سایپا |access-date=2017-04-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213231348/http://www.saipacorp.com/portal/Home/Default.aspx?CategoryID=2813e2bb-ad71-4a87-9094-d55c17771826  |archive-date=2014-12-13 |language=fa}}</ref>
 
*'''South Africa and Zimbabwe''': The SAIPA Quik is assembled from [[semi-knocked-down kit|SKD]] kits in Rosslyn, South Africa, and marketed as the Mureza Prim8.<ref name="Mureza_TopAuto">{{Cite web |title=South African-made Mureza Prim8 to sell for R196,000 |url=https://topauto.co.za/news/1156/south-african-made-mureza-prim8-to-sell-for-r196000/  |access-date=2025-11-18 |website=TopAuto |date=2020-11-30}}</ref><ref name="TehranTimesMureza">{{Cite web |date=2019-09-18 |title=Mureza Auto Company to distribute Iranian cars in South Africa |url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/440283/Mureza-Auto-Company-to-distribute-Iranian-cars-in-South-Africa  |access-date=2025-11-18 |website=Tehran Times |language=en}}</ref> Plans exist to expand assembly to the [[Willowvale Motor Industries]] plant in Zimbabwe and facilities in Botswana.<ref name="Mureza_Citizen">{{Cite web |title=African car for African drivers |url=https://www.citizen.co.za/highway-mail/uncategorized/2019/09/17/african-car-african-drivers/  |website=Highway Mail (The Citizen) |access-date=2025-11-18 |date=2019-09-17}}</ref>
 
==Models==
 
===Historic models (by era)===
 
====1960s–1980s: Early production====
[[File:Citroën Jyane 602 built in Iran Front Left.jpg|thumb|Citroën Jyane 602]]
[[File:Jeep Wagoneer in Persia.JPG|thumb|Jeep Wagoneer (Ahoo/Simorgh)]]
[[File:IMG_pATROL.jpg|thumb|Nissan Patrol]]
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Model !! Period !! Origin !! Notes
|-
| [[Citroën 2CV]] || 1960s–1970s || France || License production
|-
| [[Citroën Dyane|Citroën Jyane 602]] || 1968–1980 || France || 120,000 units produced
|-
| [[Baby-Brousse]] || 1970–1979 || France || Méhari-style utility vehicle
|-
| [[Renault 5]] || 1975–1994 || France || License production
|-
| [[Renault 21]] || 1980s–1997 || France || License production
|-
| [[Jeep CJ|Sherkat Sakami Jeep CJ]] || 1970s || USA || License assembly
|-
| [[Rambler American|Aria and Shahin]] || 1960s–1970s || USA || Classic models
|-
| [[Jeep Wagoneer|Jeep Ahoo and Simorgh]] || 1970s || USA || SUV variants
|-
| [[Nissan Patrol]] || 1970s–1980s || Japan || License assembly
|-
| [[Opel Commodore]] || 1970s || Germany || License assembly
|-
| [[Opel Rekord|Chevrolet Iran]] || 1970s || Germany/USA || Rebadged Opel
|-
| [[Chevrolet Nova]] || 1970s || USA || License assembly
|-
| [[Buick Skylark|Buick Iran]] || 1970s || USA || License assembly
|-
| [[Jeep Gladiator (SJ)|Jeep Gladiator]] || 1970s || USA || Pickup variant
|-
| [[Cadillac Seville|Cadillac Iran]] || 1970s || USA || License assembly
|}


===Historic===
====1990s–2010s: Modern partnerships====
[[File:Citroën Jyane 602 built in Iran Front Left.jpg|thumb|middle|Citroën Jyane 602]]
[[File:Cancerdaytehran.jpg|thumb|Later Aria and Shahin models]]
[[File:Cancerdaytehran.jpg|thumb|middle|Aria and Shahin]]
[[File:Citroen xantia in iran.jpg|thumb|Citroën Xantia in Tehran]]
[[File:Jeep Wagoneer in Persia.JPG|thumb|middle|Jeep Ahoo and Simorugh]]
[[File:IMG_pATROL.jpg|thumb|middle|Nissan Patrol]]
[[File:Citroen xantia in iran.jpg|thumb|middle|Citroën Xantia in Tehran]]
* [[Citroën 2CV]]
* [[Citroën Dyane|Citroën Jyane 602]]
* [[Ford Festiva|Saipa 141]]
* [[Changan Eado]]
* [[Brilliance V5|Pars Khodro V5]]
* [[Kia Rio]]
* [[Renault Megane]]
* [[Nissan Murano|Nissan New Murano]]
* [[Nissan Teana]]
* [[Dongfeng Rich]]
* [[Nissan Xterra|Nissan Roniz]]
* [[Isuzu Faster|Zamyad Shooka]]
* [[Citroën Xantia]]
* [[Kia Pride]]
* [[Renault PK|Pars Khodro Sepand]]
* [[Nissan Patrol]]
* [[Renault PK|Pars Khodro New Sepand]]
*[[Jeep CJ|Sherkat Sakami Jeep CJ]]
*[[Rambler American|Aria and Shahin]]
*[[Jeep Wagoneer|Sherkat Sakami Jeep Ahoo and Simorgh]]
*[[Opel Commodore]]
*[[Opel Rekord|Chevrolet Iran]]
*[[Chevrolet Nova]]
*[[Buick Skylark|Buick Iran]]
*[[Jeep Gladiator (SJ)|Sherkat Sakami Jeep Gladiator]]
*[[Cadillac Seville|Cadillac Iran]]
*Saipa Caravan
*[[Jeep Wrangler (YJ)|Jeep Sahra]]
*[[Citroën C3]]<ref>{{cite web|date=2018-12-31|title=First Iran-Made Citroen C3s Delivered in Tehran|url=https://financialtribune.com/articles/auto/95896/first-iran-made-citroen-c3s-delivered-in-tehran|access-date=2021-05-06|website=Financial Tribune|language=En}}</ref>


===Current===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Name
! Model !! Period !! Origin !! Notes
!Image
!Introduction
|-
|-
|[[Ford Festiva|Saipa 151 (pride pickup)]]
| [[Nissan Junior|SAIPA Z24]] || 1986–1998 || Japan || Later transferred to Zamyad
|[[File:Iranian camper car ماشین کمپر ایرانی، یا پراید وانت (کاروان) مسافرتی یا مخصوص حمل بار 04.jpg|Saba, [[Ford Festiva|Pride]], |alt=|center|frameless]]
|2014
|-
|-
|[[Saipa Saina|Saina]]
| [[Jeep Wrangler (YJ)|Jeep Sahra]] || 1990s || USA || License assembly
|[[File:Saipa Saina 20170316.jpg|alt=|center|Saipa Saina|frameless]]
|2016
|-
|-
|[[Saipa Quik|Quik]]
| [[Kia Pride]] (Saba/Nasim) || 1993–2010s || South Korea || 97% local content
|[[File:Saipa Quick.jpg|alt=|center|Saipa Quik|frameless]]
|2017
|-
|-
|[[Saipa Shahin|Shahin]]
| [[SAIPA 141|Saipa 141]] || 2001–2016 || Iran || Liftback version of Pride
|[[File:Roham at Kermanshah Auto Show.jpg|alt=|center|Saipa Shahin|frameless]]
|2019
|-
|-
|[[Saipa Aria|Aria]]
| [[Citroën Xantia]] || 2001–2010 || France || License production
|[[File:رونمایی از کراس اوور SP۱۰۰ سایپا با حضور رئیس دفتر رئیس جمهوری.jpg|frameless]]
|2022
|-
|-
|[[Saipa Atlas|Atlas]]
| [[Kia Rio]] || 2005–2012 || South Korea || SKD assembly
|[[File:Saipa Atlas 01 2023-09-01.jpg|alt=|center|Saipa Atlas|frameless]]
|2022
|-
|-
|[[Saipa Sahand|Sahand]]
| [[SAIPA 132|Saipa 132]] || 2007–2018 || Iran || Pride-based sedan
|[[File:Saipa_Sahand.jpg|alt=|center|Saipa Sahand|frameless]]
|-
|2023
| [[Saipa Tiba|Tiba]] || 2008–2016 || Iran || First domestic design (X200)
|-
| [[Saipa 111|Saipa 111]] || 2009–2016 || Iran || Pride variant
|-
| [[Saipa Caravan|Caravan 701]] || 2000–2015 || Iran || Minivan
|-
| [[Renault Megane]] || 2000s || France || License assembly
|-
| [[Nissan Murano]] || 2000s || Japan || SKD assembly
|-
| [[Nissan Teana]] || 2000s || Japan || SKD assembly
|-
| [[Nissan Xterra|Nissan Roniz]] || 2000s || Japan || Rebadged Xterra
|-
| [[Isuzu Faster|Zamyad Shooka]] || 2000s || Japan || Commercial vehicle
|-
| [[Citroën C3]] || 2018 || France || Limited production
|-
| [[Changan Eado]] || 2010s || China || License assembly
|-
| [[Brilliance V5|Pars Khodro V5]] || 2010s || China || Through Pars Khodro
|-
| [[Dongfeng Rich]] || 2010s || China || Pickup truck
|}
|}
===Current models===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Subsidiaries
! Name !! Image !! Introduction !! Type !! Engine !! Platform !! Notes
!Name
|-
!Image
| [[Ford Festiva|Saipa 151]]<br/>(Pride pickup)
!Introduction
| [[File:Iranian camper car ماشین کمپر ایرانی، یا پراید وانت (کاروان) مسافرتی یا مخصوص حمل بار 04.jpg|center|120px]]
| 2012
| Pickup truck
| 1.3L I4
| X200
| Light commercial vehicle
|-
| [[Saipa Saina|Saina]]
| [[File:Saipa Saina 20170316.jpg|center|120px]]
| 2016
| Subcompact sedan
| 1.5L I4 (87 hp)
| X200
| B-segment, facelifted Tiba
|-
| [[Saipa Quik|Quik]]
| [[File:Saipa Quick.jpg|center|120px]]
| 2017
| Hatchback crossover
| 1.5L I4 (87 hp)
| X200
| Raised suspension variant
|-
| [[Saipa Shahin|Shahin]]
| [[File:Roham at Kermanshah Auto Show.jpg|center|120px]]
| 2019
| Compact sedan
| 1.5L I4 Turbo (110 hp)
| SP100
| C-segment, Euro 5
|-
| [[Saipa Aria|Aria]]
| [[File:رونمایی از کراس اوور SP۱۰۰ سایپا با حضور رئیس دفتر رئیس جمهوری.jpg|center|120px]]
| 2022
| Compact crossover
| 2.0L I4 (150 hp)
| SP100
| Available as PHEV (2025)
|-
|-
! colspan="3" |[[Pars Khodro]]
| [[Saipa Atlas|Atlas]]
| [[File:Saipa Atlas 01 2023-09-01.jpg|center|120px]]
| 2022
| Subcompact crossover
| 1.5L I4 (87 hp)
| X200
| Facelifted Quik
|-
|-
|[[Brilliance H230|Brilliance H230 - Pars Khodro H230]]
| [[Saipa Sahand|Sahand]]
|[[File:Brilliance_H230_China_2014-05-01.jpg|alt=|center|Brilliance H230 - Pars Khodro H230|frameless]]
| [[File:Saipa_Sahand.jpg|center|120px]]
|2014
| 2023
| Subcompact sedan
| 1.5L I4 (90 hp)
| SP100
| Saina replacement
|}
 
===Subsidiary models===
 
====Pars Khodro====
{| class="wikitable"
! Name !! Image !! Introduction !! Notes
|-
|-
|[[Brilliance H220|Brilliance H220 - Pars Khodro H220]]
| [[Brilliance H230|H230]]
|[[File:Brilliance H220 001.jpg|alt=|center|Brilliance H220 - Pars Khodro H220|frameless]]
| [[File:Brilliance_H230_China_2014-05-01.jpg|center|120px]]
|
| 2014
| Chinese subcompact sedan
|-
|-
|[[Brilliance H330|Pars Khodro H330 Cross]]
| [[Brilliance H220|H220]]
|[[File:Brilliance H330 02 China 2014-05-01.jpg|alt=|center|Brilliance H330 - Pars Khodro H330 Cross|frameless]]
| [[File:Brilliance H220 001.jpg|center|120px]]
|2014
| 2014
| Chinese hatchback
|-
|-
|[[Renault Logan|Pars Tondar and Tondar 90]]
| [[Brilliance H330|H330 Cross]]
|[[File:Dacia Logan L93 ماشین ال نود.jpg|alt=|center|Renault Logan -Pars Tondar and Tondar 90|frameless]]
| [[File:Brilliance H330 02 China 2014-05-01.jpg|center|120px]]
|
| 2014
| Chinese compact crossover
|-
|-
|[[Renault Sandero|Renault Sandero and Sandero Stepway]]
| [[Renault Logan|Pars Tondar/Tondar 90]]
|[[File:Renault Sandero PD.jpg|alt=|center|Renault Sandero and Sandero Stepway|frameless]]
| [[File:Dacia Logan L93 ماشین ال نود.jpg|center|120px]]
|2014
| 2007
| First-gen Dacia Logan, 100,000+ orders in first week
|-
|-
|[[Cadila P90]]
| [[Renault Sandero|Sandero/Stepway]]
|[[File:پارس خودرو کادیلا.jpg|alt=|center|Pars Khodro Cadila P90|frameless]]
| [[File:Renault Sandero PD.jpg|center|120px]]
|
| 2014
| Hatchback and crossover variants
|-
|-
! colspan="3" |[[Zamyad Co.|Zamyad]]
| [[Renault Logan|Cadila P90]]
| [[File:پارس خودرو کادیلا.jpg|center|120px]]
| 2020
| Developed variant of Logan platform
|}
 
====Zamyad Co.====
{| class="wikitable"
! Name !! Image !! Introduction !! Notes
|-
|-
|[[Nissan Junior|Zamyad Z24]]
| [[Nissan Junior|Zamyad Z24]]
|[[File:Nissan Junior - Zamyad 24.JPG|alt=|center|Nissan Junior -Zamyad Z24|frameless]]
| [[File:Nissan Junior - Zamyad 24.JPG|center|120px]]
|
| 1986
| 38% commercial vehicle market share, based on 1970s Nissan
|-
|-
|Padra
| Padra
|  
|  
|2015
| 2015
| Modern cab on Z24 chassis, based on [[Isuzu D-Max]]
|-
|-
|Padra Plus
| Padra Plus
|  
|  
|2021
| 2021
| Upgraded Padra with enhanced features
|-
|-
|Karun
| Karun
|  
|  
|2022
| 2022
| New pickup with Z24 mechanicals
|}
|}


====Other Models====
===Other models===
*[[Kia Cerato]]
Models assembled, distributed, or in limited production:
*[[Kia Forte]]
* [[Kia Cerato]]
*[[Citroën C3-XR]]
* [[Kia Forte]]
*[[Toyota Hiace|Jinbei Haise]]
* [[Citroën C3-XR]]
*[[Dongfeng Rich]]
* [[Toyota Hiace|Jinbei Haise]]
*[[Isuzu D-Max|Zamyad Padra]]
* [[Iveco Daily|Iveco Azar Minibus]]
*[[Iveco Daily|Iveco Azar Minibus]]


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Saipa Diesel|SAIPA Diesel]]
* [[Saipa Diesel]]
*[[Industrial Development and Renovation Organization of Iran|IDRO]]
* [[Industrial Development and Renovation Organization of Iran|IDRO]]
*[[Automotive industry in Iran]]
* [[Automotive industry in Iran]]
*[[Zamyad Co.]]
* [[Iran Khodro]]
*[[Pars Khodro]]


==References==
==References==
Line 210: Line 353:
==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Saipa}}
{{Commons category|Saipa}}
*[http://www.saipacorp.com Saipa Official Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705105113/http://www.saipacorp.com/ |date=2008-07-05 }}
* {{Official website|www.saipacorp.com}}
*[http://www.saipacorp.com/en Saipa Official English Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080909032316/http://www.saipacorp.com/en/ |date=2008-09-09 }}
* [https://instagram.com/saipaglobal Official Instagram]
*[https://instagram.com/saipaglobal?igshid=1glj4cbuey9wd Saipa] Official page on Instagram
* [https://www.facebook.com/saipaglobal/ Official Facebook]
*[https://www.facebook.com/saipaglobal/ Saipa] Official page on Facebook


{{SAIPA vehicles}}
{{SAIPA vehicles}}
Line 220: Line 362:


[[Category:Car manufacturers of Iran]]
[[Category:Car manufacturers of Iran]]
[[Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1966]]
[[Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1965]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies in the TSE TEFIX-30]]
[[Category:Companies in the TSE TEFIX-30]]
Line 227: Line 369:
[[Category:Engine manufacturers of Iran]]
[[Category:Engine manufacturers of Iran]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies based in Tehran]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies based in Tehran]]
[[Category:Iranian companies established in 1966]]
[[Category:Iranian companies established in 1965]]

Latest revision as of 19:34, 21 November 2025

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "other uses". Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

SAIPA (Template:Langx) is an Iranian automaker headquartered in Tehran. Originally established in 1965 as SAIPAC (an acronym for the French Société Anonyme Iranienne de Production des Automobiles Citroën, lit. Iranian Limited Company for the Production of Citroën Automobiles),[1] the company was created with 75% Iranian ownership to assemble Citroën vehicles under license for the Iranian market.[2] Following Citroën's withdrawal in 1975, the company changed its name to SAIPA (Société Anonyme Iranienne de Production Automobile) and has since evolved into Iran's second-largest automaker.[3]

The company is partially state-owned by the Industrial Development and Renovation Organization of Iran (IDRO), the largest shareholder with 35.75% of shares.[4] SAIPA's main subsidiaries include Saipa Diesel, Pars Khodro, Zamyad Co., Megamotor, and Sazeh Gostar Saipa.[5]

Despite generating substantial revenue, the company has faced severe financial challenges due to accumulated losses exceeding its capital. As of 2024, it remained subject to Article 141 of Iranian trade law, though capital increases in 2024–2025 have partially mitigated this status.[6][7]

History

Early years (1965–1980)

SAIPA began operations in 1965, assembling Citroën vehicles for the domestic market.[8] The company's first major product was the Citroën Dyane, marketed locally as the Jyane (or Jian), which entered production in 1968. SAIPA manufactured approximately 120,000 units of the Jyane before production ended.[9]

File:Citroën Jyane 602 built in Iran Detail.jpg
SAIPA Iranian Citroën Dyane 'Jyane 602' nameplate

The company also produced several variants including a glazed panel van version and the Baby-Brousse, a utility vehicle similar to the Citroën Méhari but with a metal body.[10] A pickup version of the Jyane also appeared. The Baby-Brousse was manufactured from 1970 until 1979.

In 1975, SAIPA began manufacturing licensed versions of the Renault 5 and later the Renault 21. Production of Citroën vehicles ceased in 1980 following the company's name change to SAIPA.[11]

Expansion and partnerships (1986–2000)

From 1986 to 1998, SAIPA produced the Z24 pickup truck, a licensed version of the 1970–1980 Nissan Junior with a 2.4-litre engine. In 1998, SAIPA acquired Zamyad company, which then undertook production of the Z24. Since 2003, this truck has been sold under the Zamyad brand.[11]

Renault 5 production ended in 1994 when Pars Khodro took over the production lines, and the Renault 21 was discontinued in 1997.[11] In 1993, SAIPA established a partnership with Kia Motors, beginning production of the Kia Pride.[12] The Pride, marketed as Saba (saloon) and Nasim (hatchback), achieved 97% local content production.[11][13]

In 2000, SAIPA acquired 51% of Pars Khodro.[14] The same year, the company launched its first domestically designed vehicle, the 701 Caravan minivan, which received a facelift in 2003.[15]

Modern development (2001–present)

From 2001 to late 2010, SAIPA produced the Citroën Xantia under license.[16] Between May 2005 and late 2012, the company assembled the previous generation Kia Rio using parts imported from South Korea.[17]

In 2002, SAIPA introduced the 141, a liftback version of the Saba. The 132 model followed in 2007, and the 111 in 2009.[18] In November 2008, SAIPA introduced the domestically developed "SAIPA National Engine 231".[19]

The Tiba, originally named Miniator, debuted in December 2008 as SAIPA's first domestically designed small car. It featured a 1,500cc four-cylinder engine producing Script error: No such module "convert". with ABS, and averaged 7 liters per 100 kilometers.[20]

In 2012, a pickup version of the SAIPA Pride was introduced as the 151.[21]

In 2015, SAIPA began producing vehicles derived from Chinese manufacturers.[22] In 2016, SAIPA and PSA Group signed a framework agreement to resume cooperation on Citroën vehicles in Iran.[8]

Corporate structure and subsidiaries

SAIPA's production is highly integrated, relying on several key subsidiaries to manage its powertrain and supply chain:

  • Megamotor (SAIPA): Founded in 1993, Megamotor is responsible for the design and production of engines, gearboxes, and axles for SAIPA vehicles. It produces the upgraded M15 Plus engine and the new 16-valve ME16 engine (based on the PSA EC5 engine) with high local content.[23]
  • Sazeh Gostar Saipa: This subsidiary manages SAIPA's extensive supply chain, coordinating with over 846 local parts manufacturers. This network is key to SAIPA achieving high localization rates for its vehicles.[24]
  • Other key subsidiaries: The group includes specialized parts manufacturers such as SAIPA Azin (vehicle seats), Saipa Plascokar (plastic components), Saipa Press (body panels), Iran Radiator, Saipa Glass, and Zar Springs.
  • Zamyad Co.: Produces commercial vehicles, including the Z24 pickup which holds approximately 38% market share in Iran's commercial vehicle segment.
  • Pars Khodro: A major subsidiary that assembles SAIPA, Renault, and Chinese-licensed models.

SAIPA CITROËN

Following the 2016 framework agreement with PSA Group, SAIPA established SAIPA CITROËN as a joint venture subsidiary to manufacture and distribute Citroën vehicles in Iran.[8]

Pars Khodro

In 2000, SAIPA acquired 51% of Pars Khodro, where it has manufactured various models including the Citroën C5.[14]

Since 2018, Pars Khodro has primarily assembled Chinese-derived models alongside the SAIPA Renault Pars Tondar,[25][26] an updated locally built version of the first-generation Dacia Logan, which was previously assembled in a joint venture with Renault (Dacia's parent company).[27] Originally known as the Renault Tondar 90, the company received over 100,000 orders within one week of its March 2007 launch.[28]

Production and market position

SAIPA is Iran's second-largest automaker. In 2024, the company produced 992,102 vehicles, representing a 13.9% decrease compared to 2023.[29] In the first half of 2025, passenger car production fell by 35.6% to 109,619 units compared to 170,417 in the same period of 2024.[30]

For the eleven-month period ending February 2025, SAIPA manufactured 315,131 vehicles, including 192,447 units from the X200 family (Tiba, Quick, and Saina), 44,911 Shahin sedans, 11,568 Changan vehicles, and 65,865 pickups.[31]

Vehicle platforms and technology

SAIPA's modern vehicle lineup is based on two primary platforms:

  • SP100 Platform: A modern platform developed domestically by SAIPA to meet Euro 5 emission standards. It underpins the Shahin sedan (2019), Aria crossover (2022), and Sahand sedan (2023).[33]

Hybrid technology

SAIPA unveiled its first plug-in hybrid (PHEV), the Saipa Aria PHEV, in October 2025.[34] The vehicle features a 20 kWh battery, an 85 kW Atkinson cycle engine, and a 160 kW electric motor.[35] This marks Iran's first domestically developed plug-in hybrid car.[34]

International operations

SAIPA has established international assembly and distribution operations in several countries:

  • Russia and Belarus: In 2023, SAIPA signed a deal valued at €450 million (approximately $497 million) to export 45,000 cars to Russia. However, the operation has faced challenges with distribution and pricing competition.[36][37]
  • Venezuela and Syria: SAIPA is working to revive its joint venture, Venirauto (partially owned by SAIPA and Iran Khodro), to produce SAIPA models locally.[38] Production was launched in Venezuela in 2006 and in Syria in 2007.[39]
  • South Africa and Zimbabwe: The SAIPA Quik is assembled from SKD kits in Rosslyn, South Africa, and marketed as the Mureza Prim8.[40][41] Plans exist to expand assembly to the Willowvale Motor Industries plant in Zimbabwe and facilities in Botswana.[42]

Models

Historic models (by era)

1960s–1980s: Early production

File:Citroën Jyane 602 built in Iran Front Left.jpg
Citroën Jyane 602
File:Jeep Wagoneer in Persia.JPG
Jeep Wagoneer (Ahoo/Simorgh)
File:IMG pATROL.jpg
Nissan Patrol
Model Period Origin Notes
Citroën 2CV 1960s–1970s France License production
Citroën Jyane 602 1968–1980 France 120,000 units produced
Baby-Brousse 1970–1979 France Méhari-style utility vehicle
Renault 5 1975–1994 France License production
Renault 21 1980s–1997 France License production
Sherkat Sakami Jeep CJ 1970s USA License assembly
Aria and Shahin 1960s–1970s USA Classic models
Jeep Ahoo and Simorgh 1970s USA SUV variants
Nissan Patrol 1970s–1980s Japan License assembly
Opel Commodore 1970s Germany License assembly
Chevrolet Iran 1970s Germany/USA Rebadged Opel
Chevrolet Nova 1970s USA License assembly
Buick Iran 1970s USA License assembly
Jeep Gladiator 1970s USA Pickup variant
Cadillac Iran 1970s USA License assembly

1990s–2010s: Modern partnerships

File:Cancerdaytehran.jpg
Later Aria and Shahin models
File:Citroen xantia in iran.jpg
Citroën Xantia in Tehran
Model Period Origin Notes
SAIPA Z24 1986–1998 Japan Later transferred to Zamyad
Jeep Sahra 1990s USA License assembly
Kia Pride (Saba/Nasim) 1993–2010s South Korea 97% local content
Saipa 141 2001–2016 Iran Liftback version of Pride
Citroën Xantia 2001–2010 France License production
Kia Rio 2005–2012 South Korea SKD assembly
Saipa 132 2007–2018 Iran Pride-based sedan
Tiba 2008–2016 Iran First domestic design (X200)
Saipa 111 2009–2016 Iran Pride variant
Caravan 701 2000–2015 Iran Minivan
Renault Megane 2000s France License assembly
Nissan Murano 2000s Japan SKD assembly
Nissan Teana 2000s Japan SKD assembly
Nissan Roniz 2000s Japan Rebadged Xterra
Zamyad Shooka 2000s Japan Commercial vehicle
Citroën C3 2018 France Limited production
Changan Eado 2010s China License assembly
Pars Khodro V5 2010s China Through Pars Khodro
Dongfeng Rich 2010s China Pickup truck

Current models

Name Image Introduction Type Engine Platform Notes
Saipa 151
(Pride pickup)
File:Iranian camper car ماشین کمپر ایرانی، یا پراید وانت (کاروان) مسافرتی یا مخصوص حمل بار 04.jpg
 2012 Pickup truck 1.3L I4 X200 Light commercial vehicle
Saina
File:Saipa Saina 20170316.jpg
 2016 Subcompact sedan 1.5L I4 (87 hp) X200 B-segment, facelifted Tiba
Quik
File:Saipa Quick.jpg
 2017 Hatchback crossover 1.5L I4 (87 hp) X200 Raised suspension variant
Shahin
File:Roham at Kermanshah Auto Show.jpg
 2019 Compact sedan 1.5L I4 Turbo (110 hp) SP100 C-segment, Euro 5
Aria
File:رونمایی از کراس اوور SP۱۰۰ سایپا با حضور رئیس دفتر رئیس جمهوری.jpg
 2022 Compact crossover 2.0L I4 (150 hp) SP100 Available as PHEV (2025)
Atlas
File:Saipa Atlas 01 2023-09-01.jpg
 2022 Subcompact crossover 1.5L I4 (87 hp) X200 Facelifted Quik
Sahand
File:Saipa Sahand.jpg
 2023 Subcompact sedan 1.5L I4 (90 hp) SP100 Saina replacement

Subsidiary models

Pars Khodro

Name Image Introduction Notes
H230
File:Brilliance H230 China 2014-05-01.jpg
 2014 Chinese subcompact sedan
H220
File:Brilliance H220 001.jpg
 2014 Chinese hatchback
H330 Cross
File:Brilliance H330 02 China 2014-05-01.jpg
 2014 Chinese compact crossover
Pars Tondar/Tondar 90
File:Dacia Logan L93 ماشین ال نود.jpg
 2007 First-gen Dacia Logan, 100,000+ orders in first week
Sandero/Stepway
File:Renault Sandero PD.jpg
 2014 Hatchback and crossover variants
Cadila P90
File:پارس خودرو کادیلا.jpg
 2020 Developed variant of Logan platform

Zamyad Co.

Name Image Introduction Notes
Zamyad Z24
File:Nissan Junior - Zamyad 24.JPG
 1986 38% commercial vehicle market share, based on 1970s Nissan
Padra 2015 Modern cab on Z24 chassis, based on Isuzu D-Max
Padra Plus 2021 Upgraded Padra with enhanced features
Karun 2022 New pickup with Z24 mechanicals

Other models

Models assembled, distributed, or in limited production:

See also

References

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External links

Template:Sister project

Template:SAIPA vehicles Template:Automotive industry in Iran Template:TSE Companies of Iran

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