Pyongyang Metro: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Rapid transit system in North Korea}}
{{Short description|Rapid transit system in North Korea}}
{{Unreliable sources|date=September 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox public transit
{{Infobox public transit
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| average_speed = <!-- {{convert|0|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} -->
| average_speed = <!-- {{convert|0|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} -->
| top_speed = {{convert|70|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (Type D)
| top_speed = {{convert|70|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (Type D)
| map = [[File:Pyonyang Metro and Tram.svg|300px]]
| map = [[File:P'yongyang Metro (revised, 2024).png|300px]]
| marks =  
| marks =  
| began_operation = {{Start date and age|1973|09|05}}<ref name=KT>{{Cite journal |last=Pak |first=Yong Hwan |date=December 1973 |title=Front Cover |journal=[[Korea Today]] |issue=207}}</ref>
| began_operation = {{Start date and age|1973|09|05}}<ref name=KT>{{Cite journal |last=Pak |first=Yong Hwan |date=December 1973 |title=Front Cover |journal=[[Korea Today]] |issue=207}}</ref>
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| website =  
| website =  
| lines = 2<ref name=junct>[http://www.2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetro.html 平壌地下鉄 - 西船junctionどっと混む] {{In lang|ja}}</ref>
| lines = 2<ref name=junct>[http://www.2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetro.html 平壌地下鉄 - 西船junctionどっと混む] {{In lang|ja}}</ref>
| line_number = Chollima Line<br />Hyoksin Line
| line_number = {{rcb|Pyongyang Metro|Chollima|croute}}<br />{{rcb|Pyongyang Metro|Hyoksin|croute}}
| stations = 16 {{small|(Chollima Line : 8, Hyoksin Line : 8)}}<ref name=junct />
| stations = 16 {{small|(Chollima Line : 8, Hyoksin Line : 8)}}<ref name=junct />
| ridership = 400,000 (Weekdays)<br />700,000 (Holidays)<br />(July 2019)<ref name=junct />
| ridership = 400,000 (Weekdays)<br />700,000 (Holidays)<br />(July 2019)<ref name=junct />
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==Operation==
==Operation==
 
[[File:VOA - North Korea trip.theora.ogv|thumb|left|thumbtime=1:51|[[Voice of America|VOA]] report showing a ride on the former West German U-Bahn cars in 2013]]
The Pyongyang Metro was designed to operate every few minutes. During rush hour, the trains can operate at a minimum interval of two minutes. The trains have the ability to play music and other recordings.<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ee2EBntoZ60 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/Ee2EBntoZ60 |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=One minute riding the Pyongyang metro to the tune of Rossini's "il barbiere di siviglia"|date=25 April 2014|work=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In current service, they run at every 3 minutes in rush hour and every 5 minutes throughout the day.<ref name=":0" /> It operates from 5:30 am to 11:30 pm.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1994-01-11 |title=평양 대중교통/전차 재등장 24시간 운행(북한경제) |url=https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/legacy/legacy_general/L290118.html |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=www.hani.co.kr |language=ko |archive-date=1 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401225349/https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/legacy/legacy_general/L290118.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The Pyongyang Metro was designed to operate every few minutes. During rush hour, the trains can operate at a minimum interval of two minutes. The trains have the ability to play music and other recordings.<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ee2EBntoZ60 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/Ee2EBntoZ60 |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=One minute riding the Pyongyang metro to the tune of Rossini's "il barbiere di siviglia"|date=25 April 2014|work=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In current service, they run at every 3 minutes in rush hour and every 5 minutes throughout the day.<ref name=":0" /> It operates from 5:30 am to 11:30 pm.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1994-01-11 |title=평양 대중교통/전차 재등장 24시간 운행(북한경제) |url=https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/legacy/legacy_general/L290118.html |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=www.hani.co.kr |language=ko |archive-date=1 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401225349/https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/legacy/legacy_general/L290118.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>


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===Network===
===Network===
The Pyongyang Metro network consists of two lines:
The Pyongyang Metro network consists of two lines:
* {{color box|red}} [[Chollima Line]], named after [[Chollima|a winged horse]] from ancient Korean mythology. It spans about {{convert|12|km|mi}}. Construction started in 1968, and the line opened on September 6, 1973. The total route contains the [[Puhung Station|Puhung]], [[Yonggwang Station|Yonggwang]], [[Ponghwa Station|Ponghwa]], [[Sŭngni Station|Sŭngni]], [[Moranbong Station|Moranbong]], [[Kaeson Station|Kaeson]], [[Jonu Station|Jonu]], and [[Pulgunbyol Station|Pulgunbyol]] stations.
* {{color box|red}} [[Chollima Line]], named after [[Chollima|a winged horse]] from ancient Korean mythology. It spans about {{convert|12|km|mi}}. Construction started in 1968, and the line opened on September 6, 1973. The total route contains the [[Puhung Station|Puhung]], [[Yonggwang Station|Yonggwang]], [[Ponghwa Station|Ponghwa]], [[Sŭngni Station|Sŭngni]], [[Moranbong Station|Moranbong]], [[Kaeson Station|Kaeson]], [[Jonu Station|Jonu]], and [[Pulgunbyol Station|Pulgunbyol]] stations.
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Most metro stations bear reference to nearby features, with [[Kaesŏn Station]] ("Triumph station") being located at the [[Arch of Triumph (Pyongyang)|Arch of Triumph]], [[Yonggwang station]] located near Yonggwang street, [[Sungni station]] at Sungni street.<ref name="平壌地下鉄 千里馬線">{{Cite web|title=平壌地下鉄 千里馬線|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangcl.html|access-date=2021-10-26|website=2427junction.com}}</ref>
Most metro stations bear reference to nearby features, with [[Kaesŏn Station]] ("Triumph station") being located at the [[Arch of Triumph (Pyongyang)|Arch of Triumph]], [[Yonggwang station]] located near Yonggwang street, [[Sungni station]] at Sungni street.<ref name="平壌地下鉄 千里馬線">{{Cite web|title=平壌地下鉄 千里馬線|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangcl.html|access-date=2021-10-26|website=2427junction.com}}</ref>


The network runs entirely underground. The design of the network was based on metro networks in other communist countries, in particular the [[Moscow Metro]].<ref>{{cite book|title= Korea: North-South nuclear issues : hearing before the Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, second session, July 25, 1990|year= 1991|publisher= U.S. G.P.O|page= 85}}</ref> Both networks share many characteristics, such as the great depth of the lines (over {{Convert|100|m}}) and the large distances between stations. Another common feature is the [[Socialist realism|Socialist realist]] art on display in the stations - such as murals and statues.<ref>{{cite book|last= Ishikawa|first= Shō|title= The country aglow with Juche: North Korea as seen by a journalist|year= 1988|publisher= Foreign languages Pub. House|page= 65}}</ref> Staff of the Metro have a military-style uniform that is specific to these workers. Each Metro station has a free toilet for use by patrons. Stations also play state radio-broadcasts and have a display of the ''[[Rodong Sinmun]]'' newspaper.
The network runs entirely underground. The design of the network was based on metro networks in other communist countries, in particular the [[Moscow Metro]].<ref>{{cite book|title= Korea: North-South nuclear issues : hearing before the Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, second session, July 25, 1990|year= 1991|publisher= U.S. G.P.O|page= 85}}</ref> Both networks share many characteristics, such as the great depth of the lines (over {{Convert|100|m}}) and the large distances between stations. Another common feature is the [[Socialist realism|socialist realist]] art on display in the stations - such as murals and statues.<ref>{{cite book|last= Ishikawa|first= Shō|title= The country aglow with Juche: North Korea as seen by a journalist|year= 1988|publisher= Foreign languages Pub. House|page= 65}}</ref> Staff of the Metro have a military-style uniform that is specific to these workers. Each Metro station has a free toilet for use by patrons. Stations also play state radio-broadcasts and have a display of the ''[[Rodong Sinmun]]'' newspaper.


In times of war, the metro stations can serve as [[bomb shelter]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last= Robinson|first= Martin|title= Korea|url= https://archive.org/details/koreakore00robi|url-access= registration|year= 2007|publisher= Lonely Planet|isbn= 978-1-74104-558-1|author2= Bartlett, Ray |author3= Whyte Rob |page= [https://archive.org/details/koreakore00robi/page/364 364]}}</ref> For this purpose the stations are fitted with large steel doors.<ref>{{cite book|last= Springer|first= Chris|title= Pyongyang: the hidden history of the North Korean capital|year= 2003|publisher= Entente Bt|isbn= 978-963-00-8104-7|page= 125}}</ref> Some sources claim that large military installations are connected to the stations,<ref>{{cite news|last= Min|first= Park Hyun|title= Pyongyang Subway Submerged in Water|url= http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00400&num=2546|newspaper= [[Daily NK]]|date= August 20, 2007|access-date= 20 April 2009|archive-date= 11 December 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171211184634/http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00400&num=2546|url-status= live}}</ref> and also that there exist secret lines solely for government use.<ref name=inc/><ref>{{cite news|title= Kim Jong-il 'Has Secret Underground Escape Route'|url= http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/12/09/2009120900263.html|newspaper= The Chosun Ilbo|date= March 1, 2011|access-date= 28 February 2011|archive-date= 11 March 2011|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110311071718/http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/12/09/2009120900263.html|url-status= live}}</ref>
In times of war, the metro stations can serve as [[bomb shelter]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last= Robinson|first= Martin|title= Korea|url= https://archive.org/details/koreakore00robi|url-access= registration|year= 2007|publisher= Lonely Planet|isbn= 978-1-74104-558-1|author2= Bartlett, Ray |author3= Whyte Rob |page= [https://archive.org/details/koreakore00robi/page/364 364]}}</ref> For this purpose the stations are fitted with large steel doors.<ref>{{cite book|last= Springer|first= Chris|title= Pyongyang: the hidden history of the North Korean capital|year= 2003|publisher= Entente Bt|isbn= 978-963-00-8104-7|page= 125}}</ref> Some sources claim that large military installations are connected to the stations,<ref>{{cite news|last= Min|first= Park Hyun|title= Pyongyang Subway Submerged in Water|url= http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00400&num=2546|newspaper= [[Daily NK]]|date= August 20, 2007|access-date= 20 April 2009|archive-date= 11 December 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171211184634/http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00400&num=2546|url-status= live}}</ref> and also that there exist secret lines solely for government use.<ref name=inc/><ref>{{cite news|title= Kim Jong-il 'Has Secret Underground Escape Route'|url= http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/12/09/2009120900263.html|newspaper= The Chosun Ilbo|date= March 1, 2011|access-date= 28 February 2011|archive-date= 11 March 2011|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110311071718/http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/12/09/2009120900263.html|url-status= live}}</ref>
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==Rolling stock==
==Rolling stock==
[[File:VOA - North Korea trip.theora.ogv|thumb|left|thumbtime=1:51|[[Voice of America|VOA]] report showing a ride on the former West German U-Bahn cars in 2013]]
[[File:Pyongyang Metro 1974 stamp.png|thumb|left|1974 stamp showing a DK4 car at Kaeson]]
 
When operations on the Metro started in the 1970s, newly built [[DK4]] passenger cars were used, made for North Korea by the Chinese firm [[CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles|Changchun Railway Vehicles]].
When operations on the Metro started in the 1970s, newly built [[DK4]] passenger cars were used, made for North Korea by the Chinese firm [[CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles|Changchun Railway Vehicles]].


Some of the Chinese-made rolling stock have been observed operating near the Sinuiju area and northern regions.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|script-title=ja:平壌地下鉄－車両紹介|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetrocar.html|access-date=2020-07-19|website=2427junction.com|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720035630/http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetrocar.html|url-status=live|language=ja}}</ref>
Some of the Chinese-made rolling stock have been observed operating near the Sinuiju area and northern regions.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|script-title=ja:平壌地下鉄－車両紹介|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetrocar.html|access-date=2020-07-19|website=2427junction.com|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720035630/http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetrocar.html|url-status=live|language=ja}}</ref>
[[File:People in Pyongyang Metro 01.JPG|thumb|right|upright|North Koreans riding the Pyongyang Metro in 2012. The portraits above the door are of former leaders [[Kim Il Sung]] and [[Kim Jong Il]].]]


Since 1997, the Pyongyang Metro has mainly used former German rolling stock from the [[Berlin U-Bahn]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=January 29, 2019|title=The Pyongyang Metro {{!}} North Korea Travel Guide|url=https://koryogroup.com/travel-guide/north-korea-guide-the-pyongyang-metro|access-date=August 18, 2021|website=[[Koryo Tours]]}}</ref>
Since 1997, the Pyongyang Metro has mainly used former German rolling stock from the [[Berlin U-Bahn]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=January 29, 2019|title=The Pyongyang Metro {{!}} North Korea Travel Guide|url=https://koryogroup.com/travel-guide/north-korea-guide-the-pyongyang-metro|access-date=August 18, 2021|website=[[Koryo Tours]]}}</ref>


[[File:People in Pyongyang Metro 01.JPG|thumb|right|upright|North Koreans riding the Pyongyang Metro in 2012. The portraits above the door are of former leaders [[Kim Il Sung]] and [[Kim Jong Il]].]]
The former Berlin trainsets were given a new red and cream livery in Pyongyang.<ref name=":4" /> All advertising was removed and replaced by portraits of leaders, [[Kim Il Sung]] and [[Kim Jong Il]]. In 2000, a BBC reporter saw "old East German trains complete with their original German graffiti".<ref name=BBCmetro>{{cite web | author=Lister, Richard | title=Life in Pyongyang | publisher=BBC News | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/995692.stm | date=October 8, 2000 | access-date=9 October 2006 | archive-date=7 November 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061107062808/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/995692.stm | url-status=live }}</ref> [[Koryo Tours]] in another article write about and show the old West-Berlin [[BVG Class D|D-trains]], suggesting that the BBC article could have mixing them up with the [[BVG Class G|Class GI]] of East Berlin.<ref name=":4" /> After about 2006, Type D cars were mainly used. The [[BVG Class G|Class GI]] rolling stock has been banned from underground tunnel operations due to frequent control stand fires and was withdrawn from Metro service in 2001, and those cars are now operating on the railway network around Pyongyang and northern regions as commuter trains.<ref>{{cite web| title=Metro News| publisher=pyongyangmetro.com| url=http://www.pyongyangmetro.com/metronews.html| year=2006| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928201240/http://www.pyongyangmetro.com/metronews.html| archive-date=28 September 2007| df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Photo: Anju — S-bahn; Pyongyang — Underground — Cars|url=https://transphoto.org/photo/638543/|access-date=2020-10-23|website=transphoto.org}}</ref> One Type D metro car appears to have been converted into a [[departmental vehicle]], with a subsequently installed second driver's cab at the car's back next to the inter carriage door. The metro car is painted in yellow with red warning trims.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|script-title=ja:平壌地下鉄－D型|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetroc3.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721012907/http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetroc3.html|archive-date=21 July 2020|access-date=2020-07-19|website=2427junction.com|language=ja}}</ref>
The former Berlin trainsets were given a new red and cream livery in Pyongyang.<ref name=":4" /> All advertising was removed and replaced by portraits of leaders, [[Kim Il Sung]] and [[Kim Jong Il]]. In 2000, a BBC reporter saw "old East German trains complete with their original German graffiti".<ref name=BBCmetro>{{cite web | author=Lister, Richard | title=Life in Pyongyang | publisher=BBC News | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/995692.stm | date=October 8, 2000 | access-date=9 October 2006 | archive-date=7 November 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061107062808/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/995692.stm | url-status=live }}</ref> [[Koryo Tours]] in another article write about and show the old West-Berlin [[BVG Class D|D-trains]], suggesting that the BBC article could have mixing them up with the [[BVG Class G|Class GI]] of East Berlin.<ref name=":4" /> After about 2006, Type D cars were mainly used. The [[BVG Class G|Class GI]] rolling stock has been banned from underground tunnel operations due to frequent control stand fires and was withdrawn from Metro service in 2001, and those cars are now operating on the railway network around Pyongyang and northern regions as commuter trains.<ref>{{cite web| title=Metro News| publisher=pyongyangmetro.com| url=http://www.pyongyangmetro.com/metronews.html| year=2006| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928201240/http://www.pyongyangmetro.com/metronews.html| archive-date=28 September 2007| df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Photo: Anju — S-bahn; Pyongyang — Underground — Cars|url=https://transphoto.org/photo/638543/|access-date=2020-10-23|website=transphoto.org}}</ref> One Type D metro car appears to have been converted into a [[departmental vehicle]], with a subsequently installed second driver's cab at the car's back next to the inter carriage door. The metro car is painted in yellow with red warning trims.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|script-title=ja:平壌地下鉄－D型|url=http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetroc3.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721012907/http://2427junction.com/dprkpyongyangmetroc3.html|archive-date=21 July 2020|access-date=2020-07-19|website=2427junction.com|language=ja}}</ref>


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!Built
!Built
!Manufacturer
!Manufacturer
!Country of Origin
!Country of origin
!No. of Cars
!No. of Cars
!Number Range
!Number Range
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|80&nbsp;km/h<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal|last=蒋克选, 王焕章|date=1982|title=DK4型地下铁道电动客车 (上)|journal=铁道车辆|volume=1982 - 9th|pages=42–49}}</ref>
|80&nbsp;km/h<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal|last=蒋克选, 王焕章|date=1982|title=DK4型地下铁道电动客车 (上)|journal=铁道车辆|volume=1982 - 9th|pages=42–49}}</ref>
|Camshaft variable resistor control, 76 kWh max output per motor, total 304 kWh. Designed to run on 750 volts.<ref name=":7" />
|Camshaft variable resistor control, 76 kWh max output per motor, total 304 kWh. Designed to run on 750 volts.<ref name=":7" />
|1973-1978
|1973–1978
|[[CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles|CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles]]
|[[CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles|CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles]]
|[[China]]
|[[China]]
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|70&nbsp;km/h
|70&nbsp;km/h
|[[Contactor|Contactor Control]]
|[[Contactor|Contactor Control]]
|1978-1983
|1978–1983
Bought in 1996<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|title=Pyongyang, Metro (Berlin numbers) — Roster|url=https://transphoto.org/list.php?did=2513|access-date=2021-09-07|website=transphoto.org|language=en}}</ref>
Bought in 1996<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|title=Pyongyang, Metro (Berlin numbers) — Roster|url=https://transphoto.org/list.php?did=2513|access-date=2021-09-07|website=transphoto.org|language=en}}</ref>
|[[LEW Hennigsdorf]]
|[[LEW Hennigsdorf]]
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|70&nbsp;km/h
|70&nbsp;km/h
|Contactor Control
|Contactor Control
|1958-1965
|1958–1965
Bought in 1999<ref name=":8" />
Bought in 1999<ref name=":8" />
|[[Orenstein & Koppel|O&K]], DWM, [[AEG (German company)|AEG]], [[Siemens Mobility|Siemens]]
|[[Orenstein & Koppel|O&K]], DWM, [[AEG (German company)|AEG]], [[Siemens Mobility|Siemens]]
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|45&nbsp;km/h<ref>{{Cite web|title=GKD5B Diesel-electric Locomotive (Exported to North Korea)|url=http://www.zacliu.com/20101118/gkd5b/}}</ref>
|45&nbsp;km/h<ref>{{Cite web|title=GKD5B Diesel-electric Locomotive (Exported to North Korea)|url=http://www.zacliu.com/20101118/gkd5b/}}</ref>
|12V135Z Diesel engine
|12V135Z Diesel engine
|1996-1997<ref>{{cite journal|last1=李炳华|script-title=zh:大连机车车辆厂为朝鲜地铁工程提供GKD5型调车内燃机车|url=http://mall.cnki.net/magazine/article/LRJX199701016.htm|url-status=live|language=zh|issue=1997年第01期|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807014550/http://mall.cnki.net/magazine/article/LRJX199701016.htm|archive-date=7 August 2016|access-date=15 February 2016|script-journal=zh:内燃机车}}</ref>
|1996–1997<ref>{{cite journal|last1=李炳华|script-title=zh:大连机车车辆厂为朝鲜地铁工程提供GKD5型调车内燃机车|url=http://mall.cnki.net/magazine/article/LRJX199701016.htm|url-status=live|language=zh|issue=1997年第01期|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807014550/http://mall.cnki.net/magazine/article/LRJX199701016.htm|archive-date=7 August 2016|access-date=15 February 2016|script-journal=zh:内燃机车}}</ref>
|[[CNR Dalian]]
|[[CNR Dalian]]
|[[China]]
|[[China]]
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(2 sets)
(2 sets)
|1xx (101 to 108)
|1xx (101 to 108)
|Unknown
|In service
|<ref name=":6" />
|<ref name=":6" />
|}
|}
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==Tourism==
==Tourism==
{{multiple image|image1=Pyongyang metro station 1.jpg|image2=Pyongyang Metro Ceiling.jpg|footer=Before 2010, tourists were only allowed to travel between [[Puhŭng Station]] (left) and [[Yŏnggwang Station]] (right), sparking a conspiracy theory that the two stations comprised the entire system.}}
{{multiple image|image1=Pyongyang metro station 1.jpg|image2=Pyongyang Metro Ceiling.jpg|footer=Before 2010, tourists were only allowed to travel between [[Puhŭng Station]] (left) and [[Yŏnggwang Station]] (right), sparking a now discredited conspiracy theory that the two stations comprised the entire system.}}
In general, [[tourism in North Korea]] is allowed only in guided groups with no diversion allowed from pre-planned itineraries. Foreign tourists used to be allowed to travel only between [[Puhŭng Station]] and [[Yŏnggwang Station]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Burdick|first=Eddie|title=Three Days in the Hermit Kingdom: An American Visits North Korea|year=2010|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-4898-2|page=57}}</ref> However, foreign students were allowed to freely use the entire metro system.<ref>{{Cite book|author = Abt, Felix | title=A Capitalist in North Korea: My Seven Years in the Hermit Kingdom| publisher = Tuttle Publishing| year = 2014 | pages = 226 | isbn = 9780804844390 }}</ref> Since 2010, tourists have been allowed to ride the metro at six stations,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://testroete.com/northkorea.html|title=North Korea|work=testroete.com|access-date=31 December 2011|archive-date=7 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107231845/http://testroete.com/northkorea.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and in 2014, all of the metro stations were opened to foreigners. University students traveling with the Pyongyang Project have also reported visiting every station.<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_N_Lc6tjI0 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/P_N_Lc6tjI0 |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=Pyongyang metro - 6 stops visited in April 2014|date=25 April 2014|work=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
In general, [[tourism in North Korea]] is allowed only in guided groups with no diversion allowed from pre-planned itineraries. Foreign tourists used to be allowed to travel only between [[Puhŭng Station]] and [[Yŏnggwang Station]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Burdick|first=Eddie|title=Three Days in the Hermit Kingdom: An American Visits North Korea|year=2010|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-4898-2|page=57}}</ref> However, foreign students were allowed to freely use the entire metro system.<ref>{{Cite book|author = Abt, Felix | title=A Capitalist in North Korea: My Seven Years in the Hermit Kingdom| publisher = Tuttle Publishing| year = 2014 | pages = 226 | isbn = 9780804844390 }}</ref> Since 2010, tourists have been allowed to ride the metro at six stations,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://testroete.com/northkorea.html|title=North Korea|work=testroete.com|access-date=31 December 2011|archive-date=7 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107231845/http://testroete.com/northkorea.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and in 2014, all of the metro stations were opened to foreigners. University students traveling with the Pyongyang Project have also reported visiting every station.<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_N_Lc6tjI0 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/P_N_Lc6tjI0 |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=Pyongyang metro - 6 stops visited in April 2014|date=25 April 2014|work=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref>


{{As of|2014}}, it is possible for tourists on special Public Transport Tours to take metro rides through both lines, including visits to all stations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pyongyang-travel.com/public-transport-tours.html|title=Public Transport Tours - Information Page|author=Pyongyang Travel|work=pyongyang-travel.com|access-date=14 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415094545/http://www.pyongyang-travel.com/public-transport-tours.html|archive-date=15 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> In April 2014, the first tourist group visited stations on both metro lines, and it is expected that such extended visits to both metro lines will remain possible for future tourist groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nknews.org/2014/05/tour-companies-granted-unique-access-to-pyongyang-metro/|title=Tourists granted rare access to nearly all stations on Pyongyang metro network|work=nknews.org|date=2 May 2014|access-date=2 May 2014|archive-date=2 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502230405/http://www.nknews.org/2014/05/tour-companies-granted-unique-access-to-pyongyang-metro/|url-status=live}}</ref>
{{As of|2014}}, it is possible for tourists on special Public Transport Tours to take metro rides through both lines, including visits to all stations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pyongyang-travel.com/public-transport-tours.html|title=Public Transport Tours - Information Page|author=Pyongyang Travel|work=pyongyang-travel.com|access-date=14 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415094545/http://www.pyongyang-travel.com/public-transport-tours.html|archive-date=15 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> In April 2014, the first tourist group visited stations on both metro lines, and it is expected that such extended visits to both metro lines will remain possible for future tourist groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nknews.org/2014/05/tour-companies-granted-unique-access-to-pyongyang-metro/|title=Tourists granted rare access to nearly all stations on Pyongyang metro network|work=nknews.org|date=2 May 2014|access-date=2 May 2014|archive-date=2 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502230405/http://www.nknews.org/2014/05/tour-companies-granted-unique-access-to-pyongyang-metro/|url-status=live}}</ref>


The previously limited tourist access gave rise to a [[conspiracy theory]] that the metro was purely for show. It was claimed that it only consisted of two stops and that the passengers were actors.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://travel.cnn.com/touring-north-korea-whats-real-whats-fake-487216 |title=Touring North Korea: What's real, what's fake? |author=Kate Whitehead |newspaper=CNN |date=13 September 2013 |access-date=21 September 2014 |archive-date=24 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924041304/http://travel.cnn.com/touring-north-korea-whats-real-whats-fake-487216 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nknews.org/2014/05/tour-companies-granted-unique-access-to-pyongyang-metro/ |title=Tourists granted rare access to nearly all stations on Pyongyang metro network |author=Hamish Macdonald |newspaper=NK News |date=2 May 2014 |access-date=2 May 2014 |archive-date=2 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502230405/http://www.nknews.org/2014/05/tour-companies-granted-unique-access-to-pyongyang-metro/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/13/mythbusters-uncovering-the-truth-about-north-korea-cannabis-metro |title=Mythbusters: uncovering the truth about North Korea |author=Maeve Shearlaw |newspaper=The Guardian |date=13 May 2014 |access-date=16 December 2016 |archive-date=6 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606114703/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/13/mythbusters-uncovering-the-truth-about-north-korea-cannabis-metro |url-status=live }}</ref>
The earlier restrictions on tourist access gave rise to a [[conspiracy theory]] that the metro existed only for display. According to this claim, which lacked evidence, the system had just two stations and the passengers were actors. With the entire network now open to foreign visitors, this idea has been discredited.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://travel.cnn.com/touring-north-korea-whats-real-whats-fake-487216 |title=Touring North Korea: What's real, what's fake? |author=Kate Whitehead |newspaper=CNN |date=13 September 2013 |access-date=21 September 2014 |archive-date=24 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924041304/http://travel.cnn.com/touring-north-korea-whats-real-whats-fake-487216 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nknews.org/2014/05/tour-companies-granted-unique-access-to-pyongyang-metro/ |title=Tourists granted rare access to nearly all stations on Pyongyang metro network |author=Hamish Macdonald |newspaper=NK News |date=2 May 2014 |access-date=2 May 2014 |archive-date=2 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502230405/http://www.nknews.org/2014/05/tour-companies-granted-unique-access-to-pyongyang-metro/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/13/mythbusters-uncovering-the-truth-about-north-korea-cannabis-metro |title=Mythbusters: uncovering the truth about North Korea |author=Maeve Shearlaw |newspaper=The Guardian |date=13 May 2014 |access-date=16 December 2016 |archive-date=6 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606114703/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/13/mythbusters-uncovering-the-truth-about-north-korea-cannabis-metro |url-status=live }}</ref>


{{Clear}}
{{Clear}}


===Museum===
===Museum===
Pyongyang Metro has its own museum. A large portion of the collection is related to President [[Kim Il Sung]] providing "[[on-the-spot guidance]]" to the workers constructing the system. Among the exhibits are a special [[funicular]]-like vehicle which the president used to descend to a station under construction (it rode down the inclined tunnels that would eventually be used by the escalators), and a [[railbus]] in which he rode around the system.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vienna-pyongyang.blogspot.com/2008/09/demilitarized-zone.html|script-title=ko:The forbidden railway: Vienna - Pyongyang 윈 - 모스크바 - 두만강 - 평양|work=vienna-pyongyang.blogspot.com|date=23 September 2008|access-date=20 January 2013|archive-date=21 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121074147/http://vienna-pyongyang.blogspot.com/2008/09/demilitarized-zone.html|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/FxjNF8ebN1g Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20150630121719/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxjNF8ebN1g Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxjNF8ebN1g| title = Pyongyang Metro Museum | website=[[YouTube]]| date = 3 August 2010 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> The museum also has a map of the planned lines; it shows the Chollima and Hyoksin line terminating at a common station near Chilgol, the third line that would cross the Taedong River, eventually terminating near Rakrang and the locations of the depots, one far past the western terminus of the Hyoksin line and the depot in Sopo for the Chollima line.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pyongyang — Metro museum|url=https://transphoto.org/articles/3893/|access-date=2021-03-19|website=transphoto.org|language=en}}</ref>
Pyongyang Metro has its own museum. A large portion of the collection is related to President [[Kim Il Sung]] providing "[[on-the-spot guidance]]" to the workers constructing the system. Among the exhibits are a special [[funicular]]-like vehicle which the president used to descend to a station under construction (it rode down the inclined tunnels that would eventually be used by the escalators), and a [[railbus]] in which he rode around the system.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://vienna-pyongyang.blogspot.com/2008/09/demilitarized-zone.html|script-title=ko:The forbidden railway: Vienna - Pyongyang 윈 - 모스크바 - 두만강 - 평양|work=vienna-pyongyang.blogspot.com|date=23 September 2008|access-date=20 January 2013|archive-date=21 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121074147/http://vienna-pyongyang.blogspot.com/2008/09/demilitarized-zone.html|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/FxjNF8ebN1g Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20150630121719/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxjNF8ebN1g Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxjNF8ebN1g| title = Pyongyang Metro Museum | website=[[YouTube]]| date = 3 August 2010 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> The museum also has a map of the planned lines; it shows the Chollima and Hyoksin line terminating at a common station near Chilgol, the third line that would cross the Taedong River, eventually terminating near Rakrang and the locations of the depots, one far past the western terminus of the Hyoksin line and the depot in Sopo for the Chollima line.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pyongyang — Metro museum|url=https://transphoto.org/articles/3893/|access-date=2021-03-19|website=transphoto.org|language=en}}</ref>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==

Latest revision as of 07:25, 20 December 2025

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "Infobox".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Infobox Chinese/HeaderTemplate:Infobox Chinese/KoreanTemplate:Infobox Chinese/Footer The Pyongyang Metro (Korean: Script error: No such module "Lang".Script error: No such module "Category handler".) is the rapid transit system in Pyongyang, the capital and largest city of North Korea. It consists of two lines: the Chollima Line, which runs north from Puhŭng Station on the banks of the Taedong River to Pulgŭnbyŏl Station, and the Hyŏksin Line, which runs from Kwangbok Station in the southwest to Ragwŏn Station in the northeast. The two lines intersect at Chŏnu Station.

Daily ridership is estimated to be between 300,000 and 700,000.[1][2] Structural engineering of the Metro was completed by North Korea, with rolling stock and related electronic equipment imported from China.[3][4][5] This was later replaced with used rolling stock acquired from Berlin U-Bahn.[6]

The Pyongyang Metro has a museum devoted to its construction and history.[7]

Construction

Construction of the metro network started in 1965, and stations were opened between 1969 and 1972 by Supreme Leader Kim Il Sung.[8] Most of the 16 public stations were built in the 1970s, except for the two most grandiose stations—Puhŭng and Yŏnggwang, which were constructed in 1987. According to NK News sources, a construction accident in 1971 killed tens if not hundreds of laborers, forcing the rerouting of the metro to not cross the Taedong River.[9]

China provided technical aid for the metro's construction, sending experts to install equipment made in China, including electrical equipment made in Xiangtan, Hunan[10] and the escalator with vertical height of 64 m made by Shanghai Seleva.[11][12]

The Pyongyang Metro is among the deepest metros in the world, with the track at over Script error: No such module "convert". deep underground; the metro does not have any above-ground track segments or stations. Due to the depth of the metro and the lack of outside segments, its stations can double as bomb shelters, with blast doors in place at hallways.[13][14] It takes three and a half minutes from the ground to the platform by escalator. The metro is so deep that the temperature of the platform maintains a constant Script error: No such module "convert". all year.[15] The Saint Petersburg Metro also claims to be the deepest, based on the average depth of all its stations. The Hongyancun station on Chongqing Rail Transit's Line 9 is currently the deepest station in the world at Script error: No such module "convert".. The deepest heavy rail station in the world is the Jerusalem–Yitzhak Navon railway station, located Template:Cvt underground. The Porta Alpina railway station, located above the Gotthard Base Tunnel in Switzerland, was supposed to be Template:Cvt underground, but the project was indefinitely shelved in 2012.[16]

The system was initially electrified at 825 volts, but lowered down to 750 volts to support operation of the Class GI sets.[17] However, this conflicted with the documentation on the DK4 sets, which uses 750 volts with a +20% and a -38% tolerance.[18]

A 1999 KBS news broadcast stated that two lines were under construction, with line 3 to run from Kwangbok station to Mangyongdae, while the location of line 4 was unknown. The two lines were to open for the 55th Party Foundation Day.[19]

In 2012, Korean Central Television released renders of a new station bearing the name Mangyongdae displayed at the Pyongyang Architectural Festival.[20]

In 2018, NK News claimed that there would be possible extensions to the metro system, with anonymous sources claiming activity to the west of Kwangbok Station. Commercial satellite imagery revealed only one structure under construction, and it speculated an absence of announcements from state media was due to funding issues, as well as due to the 1970s tunneling accidents.[9]

In 2019, Kaeson station and Moranbong station were modernised,[21] adding TVs that show the next service and brighter lighting. This was followed by Jonu station and Chonsung station in 2020.[22] The TVs can also display a digital version of the Rodong Sinmun.

At the 8th Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea, it was announced to push forward on the updating and renovation of the Pyongyang Metro, along with the production of new-type subway trains.[23]

In 2025, it was announced that remodeling was recently completed at several metro stations, including the Moranbong, Jonu and Pulgunbyol stations.[24]

Operation

File:VOA - North Korea trip.theora.ogv
VOA report showing a ride on the former West German U-Bahn cars in 2013

The Pyongyang Metro was designed to operate every few minutes. During rush hour, the trains can operate at a minimum interval of two minutes. The trains have the ability to play music and other recordings.[25] In current service, they run at every 3 minutes in rush hour and every 5 minutes throughout the day.[26] It operates from 5:30 am to 11:30 pm.[27]

The Pyongyang Metro is the cheapest in the world to ride, at only five North Korean won (worth half of a US cent) per ticket.[28] Instead of paper tickets, the Metro previously used an aluminium token, with the emblem of the Metro minted on it and the Korean "Script error: No such module "Lang".". It has used a paper ticket system, with "Script error: No such module "Lang"." printed with blue ink on it.[26] Tickets are bought at station booths. Nowadays, the network uses contactless cards that feature the logo of the network and a train set on the front, with the terms and conditions on the other side. Gates display the number of trips remaining on the card, with a trip being a tap on entry and exit.[26] Smoking and eating inside the Metro system is prohibited and is punishable by a large fine.

Network

The Pyongyang Metro network consists of two lines:

The two lines have a linking track, located somewhere near Jonsung station.[29]

Most metro stations bear reference to nearby features, with Kaesŏn Station ("Triumph station") being located at the Arch of Triumph, Yonggwang station located near Yonggwang street, Sungni station at Sungni street.[30]

The network runs entirely underground. The design of the network was based on metro networks in other communist countries, in particular the Moscow Metro.[31] Both networks share many characteristics, such as the great depth of the lines (over Script error: No such module "convert".) and the large distances between stations. Another common feature is the socialist realist art on display in the stations - such as murals and statues.[32] Staff of the Metro have a military-style uniform that is specific to these workers. Each Metro station has a free toilet for use by patrons. Stations also play state radio-broadcasts and have a display of the Rodong Sinmun newspaper.

In times of war, the metro stations can serve as bomb shelters.[33] For this purpose the stations are fitted with large steel doors.[34] Some sources claim that large military installations are connected to the stations,[35] and also that there exist secret lines solely for government use.[1][36]

One station, Kwangmyŏng, has been closed since 1995 due to the mausoleum of Kim Il-sung being located at that station. Trains do not stop at that station.

The map of the Hyŏksin line shows two additional stations after Kwangbok: Yŏngung (Script error: No such module "Lang".Script error: No such module "Category handler".) and Ch'ilgol (Script error: No such module "Lang".Script error: No such module "Category handler".), both of them reportedly under development. The map of the Chollima Line, on the other hand, shows four additional stations, two at each end of the line—Ryŏnmot (Script error: No such module "Lang".Script error: No such module "Category handler".), Sŏp'o (Script error: No such module "Lang".Script error: No such module "Category handler".), Ch'ŏngch'un (Script error: No such module "Lang".Script error: No such module "Category handler".) and Man'gyŏngdae (Script error: No such module "Lang".Script error: No such module "Category handler".)—also planned or under development. However, the most recent maps omit these stations.[26] The Chollima line is already connected to the State Railway Sopo station on the way to the metro depot, and plans of the metro seem to suggest that the non-commercial segment of this line would be eventually part of the metro system.[30] However, the current tunnel exit does not allow for this, as this segment does not have third rail electrification, and is locomotive hauled by the GKD5B shunters and would require negotiating a switchback.

In addition to the main system for passenger use, there is allegedly an extra system for government use, similar to Moscow's Metro-2. The secret Pyongyang system supposedly connects important government locations.[37] There is also reportedly a massive underground plaza for mobilization, as well as an underground road connecting two metro stations.[38]

Rolling stock

File:Pyongyang Metro 1974 stamp.png
1974 stamp showing a DK4 car at Kaeson

When operations on the Metro started in the 1970s, newly built DK4 passenger cars were used, made for North Korea by the Chinese firm Changchun Railway Vehicles.

Some of the Chinese-made rolling stock have been observed operating near the Sinuiju area and northern regions.[17]

Since 1997, the Pyongyang Metro has mainly used former German rolling stock from the Berlin U-Bahn.[39]

File:People in Pyongyang Metro 01.JPG
North Koreans riding the Pyongyang Metro in 2012. The portraits above the door are of former leaders Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il.

The former Berlin trainsets were given a new red and cream livery in Pyongyang.[39] All advertising was removed and replaced by portraits of leaders, Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il. In 2000, a BBC reporter saw "old East German trains complete with their original German graffiti".[6] Koryo Tours in another article write about and show the old West-Berlin D-trains, suggesting that the BBC article could have mixing them up with the Class GI of East Berlin.[39] After about 2006, Type D cars were mainly used. The Class GI rolling stock has been banned from underground tunnel operations due to frequent control stand fires and was withdrawn from Metro service in 2001, and those cars are now operating on the railway network around Pyongyang and northern regions as commuter trains.[40][41] One Type D metro car appears to have been converted into a departmental vehicle, with a subsequently installed second driver's cab at the car's back next to the inter carriage door. The metro car is painted in yellow with red warning trims.[42]

In 2015, Kim Jong Un rode a newly manufactured four car train set which was reported to have been developed and built at Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works in North Korea,[43] although the cars appeared to be significantly renovated D-class cars. This set is named 'Underground Electric Vehicle No. 1'. It features a VVVF control and initially fitted with an asynchronous motor but later replaced with a permanent magnet synchronous motor developed by the Kim Chaek University of Technology. It usually runs on the Chollima Line but has also run on the Hyoksin Line.[44]

As a gift to the 8th Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea, it is reported that the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works are working to complete new metro cars, promoted by the 80 day campaign.[45] However, in the Korean Central News Agency article summarising the eighty day campaign, there was no mention of any new vehicles being produced.[46] Previously, it was reported that a 4-door set was to be manufactured to mainly run on the Hyoksin line, to be named Underground Electric Vehicle No. 2.[44] Another news report stated that Kim Chong-tae Locomotive Works was organising the serial production of the Underground Electric Vehicle Type 1 for the 80 day campaign and mentioned the construction of the car body. However, although this was a goal of the 80 day campaign, a new set has yet to be built.[47]

Image Type Maximum Speed Traction Built Manufacturer Country of origin No. of Cars Number Range Disposition Notes
File:Ex pyongyang metro.JPG DK4 80 km/h[48] Camshaft variable resistor control, 76 kWh max output per motor, total 304 kWh. Designed to run on 750 volts.[48] 1973–1978 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles China 112 cars provided to North Korea by September 1978.[12] 001 to 1xx Set beginning with 001 is likely retained as a special vehicle[49] Derivative of the Beijing Subway's DK3 Series.

Some units converted into 1000 Series trains for Korean State Railway services. Some units can be still seen stored in the metro depot, which are occasionally in service as vintage trains on special occasions and public holidays.

4-axle trailer car Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works North Korea 2xx 4 axle trailer cars built to lengthen DK4 sets to 3 or 4 cars.[50]
Image
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		G "Gisela" 70 km/h Contactor Control 1978–1983

Bought in 1996[51]

LEW Hennigsdorf GDR 120 5xx - 6xx Retired in 2001 Ex-BVG trains from the Berlin U-Bahn bought second-hand in 1996

Most converted into 500 Series trains for Korean State Railway services after the trains were banned from operating in underground tunnels due to frequent and severe control stand fires.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Image
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		Jaju-ho (self-reliance type) Unknown Unknown

(possibly Resistor Control)

Unknown (before 1974) Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works North Korea Unknown ? Unknown Prototype train.

Rode by Kim Jong Il in 1974 but is no longer in service and said to be stored in the Pyongyang Metro museum.[52]

Yonggwang-ho (glory type) Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works 415 A model of the 3 door version exists in the metro museum, numbered 415.[53]

Seen in a 1995 news report, coupled to DK4 cars.[19]

File:Pyongyang subway train.jpg D "Dora" 70 km/h Contactor Control 1958–1965

Bought in 1999[51]

O&K, DWM, AEG, Siemens FRG 220 known carriages, although only 132 were recorded to be in service.[54] 7xx, 8xx and 9xx In service Ex-BVG[55] trains from the Berlin U-Bahn bought second-hand in 1998.

Some class D sets have a next stop indicator installed.[42]

Image
Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". 		GKD5B 45 km/h[56] 12V135Z Diesel engine 1996–1997[57] CNR Dalian China 2 In service Diesel-electric shunting locomotives, used to haul metro trains under overhead electrification section from tunnel portal to depot.
File:Pyongyang Metro - 03.jpg Underground Electric Vehicle No. 1 Unknown IGBT-VVVF Inverter and PMSM motors 2015[44] Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works (with Chinese-built components) North Korea 8

(2 sets)

1xx (101 to 108) In service [47]

Tourism

Script error: No such module "Multiple image". In general, tourism in North Korea is allowed only in guided groups with no diversion allowed from pre-planned itineraries. Foreign tourists used to be allowed to travel only between Puhŭng Station and Yŏnggwang Station.[58] However, foreign students were allowed to freely use the entire metro system.[59] Since 2010, tourists have been allowed to ride the metro at six stations,[60] and in 2014, all of the metro stations were opened to foreigners. University students traveling with the Pyongyang Project have also reported visiting every station.[61]

As of 2014Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters"., it is possible for tourists on special Public Transport Tours to take metro rides through both lines, including visits to all stations.[62] In April 2014, the first tourist group visited stations on both metro lines, and it is expected that such extended visits to both metro lines will remain possible for future tourist groups.[63]

The earlier restrictions on tourist access gave rise to a conspiracy theory that the metro existed only for display. According to this claim, which lacked evidence, the system had just two stations and the passengers were actors. With the entire network now open to foreign visitors, this idea has been discredited.[64][65][66]

Museum

Pyongyang Metro has its own museum. A large portion of the collection is related to President Kim Il Sung providing "on-the-spot guidance" to the workers constructing the system. Among the exhibits are a special funicular-like vehicle which the president used to descend to a station under construction (it rode down the inclined tunnels that would eventually be used by the escalators), and a railbus in which he rode around the system.[67][68] The museum also has a map of the planned lines; it shows the Chollima and Hyoksin line terminating at a common station near Chilgol, the third line that would cross the Taedong River, eventually terminating near Rakrang and the locations of the depots, one far past the western terminus of the Hyoksin line and the depot in Sopo for the Chollima line.[69]

Gallery

Network map

Template:Rapid transit OSM map

See also

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References

Notes

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  1. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20250630003400315?section=nk/nk
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".Template:Cbignore
  26. ↑ a b c d Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  29. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  30. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  31. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  32. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  33. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  34. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  35. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  36. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  37. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  38. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  39. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  40. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  41. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  42. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  43. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  44. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  45. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Alt URL.
  46. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  47. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  48. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  49. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  50. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  51. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  52. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  53. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  54. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  55. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  56. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  57. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  58. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  59. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  60. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  61. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".Template:Cbignore
  62. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  63. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  64. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  65. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  66. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  67. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  68. ↑ Archived at GhostarchiveTemplate:Cbignore and the Wayback MachineTemplate:Cbignore: Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".Template:Cbignore
  69. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Bibliography

  • Pyongyang Metro, Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1980

Further reading

External links

Script error: No such module "Side box".

Template:Pyongyang Metro Template:Rapid transit in Asia

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