Sphingosine: Difference between revisions
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== Biosynthesis == | == Biosynthesis == | ||
Sphingosine is synthesized from [[palmitoyl CoA]] and [[serine]] in a condensation required to yield dihydrosphingosine. | Sphingosine is synthesized from [[palmitoyl CoA]] and [[serine]] in a condensation required to yield [[sphinganine]] (dihydrosphingosine). | ||
[[Image:Sphingosine synthesis corrected.png|800px|Sphingosine synthesis]] | [[Image:Sphingosine synthesis corrected.png|800px|Sphingosine synthesis]] | ||
Dehydrosphingosine is then reduced by [[NADPH]] to | Dehydrosphingosine is then reduced by [[NADPH]] to sphinganine, acylated to dihydroceramide, and finally oxidized by [[flavin adenine dinucleotide|FAD]] to ceramide. Sphingosine is then solely formed via degradation of sphingolipid in the lysosome. | ||
== Gallery == | == Gallery == | ||
Latest revision as of 22:51, 25 August 2025
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Sphingosine (2-amino-4-trans-octadecene-1,3-diol) is an 18-carbon amino alcohol with an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, which forms a primary part of sphingolipids, a class of cell membrane lipids that include sphingomyelin, an important phospholipid.
Functions
Sphingosine can be phosphorylated in vivo via two kinases, sphingosine kinase type 1 and sphingosine kinase type 2. This leads to the formation of sphingosine-1-phosphate, a potent signaling lipid.
Sphingolipid metabolites, such as ceramides, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate, are lipid signaling molecules involved in diverse cellular processes.
Biosynthesis
Sphingosine is synthesized from palmitoyl CoA and serine in a condensation required to yield sphinganine (dihydrosphingosine).
Dehydrosphingosine is then reduced by NADPH to sphinganine, acylated to dihydroceramide, and finally oxidized by FAD to ceramide. Sphingosine is then solely formed via degradation of sphingolipid in the lysosome.
Gallery
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Sphingolipidoses
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General structures of sphingolipids
See also
Literature
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External links
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