Inagua: Difference between revisions
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'''Inagua''' is the southernmost [[Districts of the Bahamas|district of]] [[the Bahamas]], comprising the islands of Great Inagua and Little Inagua. The headquarters for the [[Local government in the Bahamas|district council]] are in [[Matthew Town]].<ref>In 2012 $20,000 was contracted for repairs to the government complex in Matthew Town, including repairs to "the clock tower rooftop, the post office area and the upstairs district council area." {{Cite news|last=McCartney |first=Juan |title=Minister's contract claims disputed |date=13 June 2012 |newspaper=The Nassau Guardian |url=http://www.thenassauguardian.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=31642:ministers-contract-claims-disputed&catid=3:news&Itemid=27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203225550/http://www.thenassauguardian.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=31642%3Aministers-contract-claims-disputed&catid=3%3Anews&Itemid=27 |archive-date=3 February 2017 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> | '''Inagua''' is the southernmost [[Districts of the Bahamas|district of]] [[the Bahamas]], comprising the islands of Great Inagua and [[Little Inagua]]. The headquarters for the [[Local government in the Bahamas|district council]] are in [[Matthew Town]].<ref>In 2012 $20,000 was contracted for repairs to the government complex in Matthew Town, including repairs to "the clock tower rooftop, the post office area and the upstairs district council area." {{Cite news|last=McCartney |first=Juan |title=Minister's contract claims disputed |date=13 June 2012 |newspaper=The Nassau Guardian |url=http://www.thenassauguardian.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=31642:ministers-contract-claims-disputed&catid=3:news&Itemid=27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203225550/http://www.thenassauguardian.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=31642%3Aministers-contract-claims-disputed&catid=3%3Anews&Itemid=27 |archive-date=3 February 2017 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
The original settlers were the [[Lucayan people]](Taíno), who arrived sometime between 500 and 800 CE, crossing in [[Dugout canoe|dugout canoes]] from [[Hispaniola]] and/or [[Cuba]] to the Bahamas.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Keegan|first=William F. | The original settlers were the [[Lucayan people]] (Taíno), who arrived sometime between 500 and 800 CE, crossing in [[Dugout canoe|dugout canoes]] from [[Hispaniola]] and/or [[Cuba]] to the Bahamas.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Keegan|first=William F.|title=The people who discovered Columbus : the prehistory of the Bahamas|date=1992|publisher=University Press of Florida|others=Jay I. Kislak Reference Collection|isbn=0-8130-1137-X|location=Gainesville|oclc=25317702}}</ref> | ||
The larger island was initially called by the name ''Heneagua'', which may derive from a [[Spanish language|Spanish]] expression meaning 'water is to be found there'.<ref name="Saunders-180">{{Cite book|last=Saunders |first=Gail |year=1993 |title=The Bahamas: A Family of Islands |edition=second|location=London |publisher=Macmillan |page=180 |isbn=978-0-333-59212-0 }}</ref> Two names of apparent [[Lucayan language|Lucayan]] origin, ''Inagua'' (meaning "Small Eastern Island") and ''Baneque'' (meaning "Big Water Island"), were used by the Spanish to refer to Great Inagua.<ref>Julian Granberry and Gary S. Vescelius. (2004) ''Languages of the Pre-Columbian Antilles.'' The University of Alabama Press. {{ISBN|0-8173-5123-X}} p. 83</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ahrens |first=Wolfgang P. |date=2015 |title=Naming the Bahamas Islands: History and Folk Etymology |url=https://ojs.lib.uwo.ca/index.php/oc/article/view/14910 |journal=Onomastica Canadiana |language=en |volume=94 |issue=2 |pages=101 |issn=2816-7015}}</ref><ref>D. Gail Saunders, “The 1937 Riot In Inagua, The Bahamas,” Nieuwe West-Indische Gids / New West Indian Guide, Vol. 62, No. 3/4 (1988), pp. 129-145 at p. 13.1.</ref> | The larger island was initially called by the name ''Heneagua'', which may derive from a [[Spanish language|Spanish]] expression meaning 'water is to be found there'.<ref name="Saunders-180">{{Cite book|last=Saunders |first=Gail |year=1993 |title=The Bahamas: A Family of Islands |edition=second|location=London |publisher=Macmillan |page=180 |isbn=978-0-333-59212-0 }}</ref> Two names of apparent [[Lucayan language|Lucayan]] origin, ''Inagua'' (meaning "Small Eastern Island") and ''Baneque'' (meaning "Big Water Island"), were used by the Spanish to refer to Great Inagua.<ref>Julian Granberry and Gary S. Vescelius. (2004) ''Languages of the Pre-Columbian Antilles.'' The University of Alabama Press. {{ISBN|0-8173-5123-X}} p. 83</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ahrens |first=Wolfgang P. |date=2015 |title=Naming the Bahamas Islands: History and Folk Etymology |url=https://ojs.lib.uwo.ca/index.php/oc/article/view/14910 |journal=Onomastica Canadiana |language=en |volume=94 |issue=2 |pages=101 |issn=2816-7015}}</ref><ref>D. Gail Saunders, “The 1937 Riot In Inagua, The Bahamas,” Nieuwe West-Indische Gids / New West Indian Guide, Vol. 62, No. 3/4 (1988), pp. 129-145 at p. 13.1.</ref> | ||
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The island's capital and only harbour is Matthew Town, named after [[George Matthew]], a 19th-century [[Governor of the Bahamas]]. This town houses the [[Morton Salt|Morton Salt Company]]’s main facility, producing one million tonnes of [[sea salt]] a year — the second largest solar saline operation in North America and Inagua's main industry.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}} | The island's capital and only harbour is Matthew Town, named after [[George Matthew]], a 19th-century [[Governor of the Bahamas]]. This town houses the [[Morton Salt|Morton Salt Company]]’s main facility, producing one million tonnes of [[sea salt]] a year — the second largest solar saline operation in North America and Inagua's main industry.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}} | ||
Great [[Inagua Airport]] ([[IATA airport code|IATA]]: '''IGA''', [[ICAO airport code|ICAO]]: '''MYIG''') is located nearby.<ref name="Morin2014">{{cite news |last1=Morin |first1=Richard |title=On Great Inagua Island in the Bahamas, the flamingos are many and magnificent |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/travel/2014/10/13/e801f942-48bf-11e4-b72e-d60a9229cc10_story.html | | Great [[Inagua Airport]] ([[IATA airport code|IATA]]: '''IGA''', [[ICAO airport code|ICAO]]: '''MYIG''') is located nearby.<ref name="Morin2014">{{cite news |last1=Morin |first1=Richard |title=On Great Inagua Island in the Bahamas, the flamingos are many and magnificent |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/travel/2014/10/13/e801f942-48bf-11e4-b72e-d60a9229cc10_story.html |newspaper=Washington Post |date=16 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141017185703/http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/travel/2014/10/13/e801f942-48bf-11e4-b72e-d60a9229cc10_story.html |archive-date=17 October 2014 |access-date=1 September 2024 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Curran & Glumac 2023">{{cite book |last1=Curran |first1=H. Allen |last2=Glumac |first2=Bosiljka |editor1-last=Cónsole-Gonella |editor1-first=C. |editor2-last=Valais |editor2-first=S. de |editor3-last=Díaz-Martínez |editor3-first=I. |editor4-last=Citton |editor4-first=P. |editor5-last=Verde |editor5-first=M. |editor6-last=McIlroy |editor6-first=D. |title=Ichnology in Shallow-marine and Transitional Environments |date=6 June 2023 |publisher=Geological Society of London |isbn=978-1-78620-568-1 |page=27 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z0HGEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA27 |chapter=Dactyloidites ottoi (Geinitz, 1849) in Bahamian Pleistocene carbonates: a shallowest-marine indicator}}</ref> | ||
A large bird sanctuary in the centre of the island has a population of more than 80,000 [[American flamingo|West Indian flamingo]]es and many other bird species, including the [[Cuban amazon|Bahama parrot]], [[Inagua woodstar]], [[White-cheeked pintail|Bahama pintail]], [[brown pelican]], [[tricolored heron]], [[snowy egret]], [[reddish egret]], [[Western spindalis|stripe-headed tanager]], [[double-crested cormorant]], [[Neotropic cormorant]], [[roseate spoonbill]], [[American kestrel]], and [[burrowing owl]]. The Union Creek National Reserve is specially set aside for the study of [[green sea turtle]]s (''Chelonia mydas'').<ref name="Tourism-Eco">{{Cite web|title=Ecotourism In Inagua |publisher=The Bahamas Ministry of Tourism |url=http://www.bahamas.com/islandinterestdetail/ecotourism-inagua |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203224627/http://www.bahamas.com/islandinterestdetail/ecotourism-inagua |archive-date=3 February 2017 |url-status=live |df=dmy}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=National Park or Protected Area: Union Creek Reserve |publisher=National Geographic |url=http://www.bahamasgeotourism.com/content/union-creek-reserve/bahBED9D52C56A2C3573 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203225612/http://www.bahamasgeotourism.com/content/union-creek-reserve/bahBED9D52C56A2C3573 |archive-date=3 February 2017 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> | A large bird sanctuary in the centre of the island has a population of more than 80,000 [[American flamingo|West Indian flamingo]]es and many other bird species, including the [[Cuban amazon|Bahama parrot]], [[Inagua woodstar]], [[White-cheeked pintail|Bahama pintail]], [[brown pelican]], [[tricolored heron]], [[snowy egret]], [[reddish egret]], [[Western spindalis|stripe-headed tanager]], [[double-crested cormorant]], [[Neotropic cormorant]], [[roseate spoonbill]], [[American kestrel]], and [[burrowing owl]]. The Union Creek National Reserve is specially set aside for the study of [[green sea turtle]]s (''Chelonia mydas'').<ref name="Tourism-Eco">{{Cite web|title=Ecotourism In Inagua |publisher=The Bahamas Ministry of Tourism |url=http://www.bahamas.com/islandinterestdetail/ecotourism-inagua |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203224627/http://www.bahamas.com/islandinterestdetail/ecotourism-inagua |archive-date=3 February 2017 |url-status=live |df=dmy}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=National Park or Protected Area: Union Creek Reserve |publisher=National Geographic |url=http://www.bahamasgeotourism.com/content/union-creek-reserve/bahBED9D52C56A2C3573 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203225612/http://www.bahamasgeotourism.com/content/union-creek-reserve/bahBED9D52C56A2C3573 |archive-date=3 February 2017 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> | ||
Latest revision as of 23:51, 4 December 2025
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Inagua is the southernmost district of the Bahamas, comprising the islands of Great Inagua and Little Inagua. The headquarters for the district council are in Matthew Town.[1]
History
The original settlers were the Lucayan people (Taíno), who arrived sometime between 500 and 800 CE, crossing in dugout canoes from Hispaniola and/or Cuba to the Bahamas.[2]
The larger island was initially called by the name Heneagua, which may derive from a Spanish expression meaning 'water is to be found there'.[3] Two names of apparent Lucayan origin, Inagua (meaning "Small Eastern Island") and Baneque (meaning "Big Water Island"), were used by the Spanish to refer to Great Inagua.[4][5][6]
Between the years of 1500 and 1825, many documented treasure laden ships were destroyed on Inaguan reefs. The two most valuable wrecks lost off the Inaguas were treasure-laden Spanish galleons: the Santa Rosa in 1599; and the Infanta in 1788. Other ships of considerable value that were wrecked there include the French Le Count De Paix in 1713,[7] the British HMS Lowestoffe in 1801,[8][9] and the British HMS Statira in 1815.[10]
As early as the 1600s, salt was being produced and shipped to Spanish colonies,[11] and its extraction was a going business by 1803.[11]
Henri Christophe, king of northern Haiti from 1811 to 1820, builtScript error: No such module "Unsubst". a summer retreat at the Northeast Point of Great Inagua.[11] Local legend has it that he also buried a cache of gold there.[12]
By 1918, after the end of World War I, lower salt prices and competition had driven the small producers on Great Inagua out of business, and the salt works were abandoned except for incidental local use.Template:Sfn
In 1935, the Erickson brothers from Massachusetts founded West India Chemicals Ltd., purchasing the abandoned salt works from the British government.[13] They drilled test holes, set up offices, and began restoration of the buildings, but the locals[14] felt threatened, fearing changes to the power structure status quo.[15] In August 1937, a riot broke out, an employee was killed, and the Ericksons were forced to flee.[16][17] They soon returned, and full-scale development resumed.[18]
In the mid-1950s, Morton Salt bought the Great Inagua saltworks,[19] which includes over 80 salt ponds,[20]Template:Self-published inline now the second largest such operation in North America.[18] Morton is the major employer on the island.[21][22][23]
Islands
Great Inagua
Great Inagua is the second largest island in the Bahamas at 596 sq mi (1544 km2), Template:Citation needed span It lies about Script error: No such module "convert". from the eastern tip of Cuba. The island is about Script error: No such module "convert". in extent and mostly flat with some sand hills, the highest points being East Hill at Script error: No such module "convert"., Salt Pond Hill at Script error: No such module "convert"., and James Hill at Script error: No such module "convert"..[3] It encloses several lakes, most notably the Script error: No such module "convert". long Lake Windsor (also called Lake Rosa) which occupies nearly a quarter of the interior. The population of Great Inagua is 913 (2010 census).[24]
The island's capital and only harbour is Matthew Town, named after George Matthew, a 19th-century Governor of the Bahamas. This town houses the Morton Salt Company’s main facility, producing one million tonnes of sea salt a year — the second largest solar saline operation in North America and Inagua's main industry.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Great Inagua Airport (IATA: IGA, ICAO: MYIG) is located nearby.[25][26]
A large bird sanctuary in the centre of the island has a population of more than 80,000 West Indian flamingoes and many other bird species, including the Bahama parrot, Inagua woodstar, Bahama pintail, brown pelican, tricolored heron, snowy egret, reddish egret, stripe-headed tanager, double-crested cormorant, Neotropic cormorant, roseate spoonbill, American kestrel, and burrowing owl. The Union Creek National Reserve is specially set aside for the study of green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas).[27][28]
Little Inagua
The neighbouring Little Inagua, Script error: No such module "convert". to the northeast, is uninhabited and occupied by a large Land and Sea Park.[27] It has an area of Script error: No such module "convert"., with herds of feral donkeys and goats (descendants of stock introduced by the French). Various species of endangered sea turtles breed on the island.[27] Little Inagua has a large protective reef extending up to Script error: No such module "convert". away from the island in all directions, which prevents boats from coming too close.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Politics
The island is part of the MICAL constituency for elections to the House of Assembly of the Bahamas.[29]
Gallery
-
Main Guest House in Matthew Town, Great Inagua
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Downtown Matthew Town, Great Inagua
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Old disused prison, Matthew Town, Great Inagua
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Window in old prison, Matthew Town, Great Inagua
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Modern police station, Matthew Town, Great Inagua
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Grocery store in Matthew Town, Great Inagua
-
Part of the Morton Salt facilities on the north shore of Great Inagua
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Northern rocky shore of Great Inagua exposing Pleistocene reef limestones
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Great Inagua and Little Inagua viewed from the International Space Station on 2022-12-09
Notes
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- ↑ In 2012 $20,000 was contracted for repairs to the government complex in Matthew Town, including repairs to "the clock tower rooftop, the post office area and the upstairs district council area." Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Julian Granberry and Gary S. Vescelius. (2004) Languages of the Pre-Columbian Antilles. The University of Alabama Press. Template:ISBN p. 83
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ D. Gail Saunders, “The 1937 Riot In Inagua, The Bahamas,” Nieuwe West-Indische Gids / New West Indian Guide, Vol. 62, No. 3/4 (1988), pp. 129-145 at p. 13.1.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". citing "America and West Indies: July 1716," Calendar of State Papers; "Journal, July 1716: Journal Book S," Journals of the Board of Trade and Plantations, Volme 3; March 1715 – October 1718 (1924), pp. 159–173
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "template wrapper".
- ↑ The Statira Shoal, just southeast of Great Inagua, is named after it and is where the ship wrecked. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1"., reprinted in 1984 in London by Robert Hale Ltd. Template:ISBN
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
- ↑ Notably George and Willis Duvalier who were sentenced to hang as a result of the riot. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ In 2008 Morton employed about 60% of the island's working population. Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Morton Salt’s Inagua facility damaged by Irma. Template:Webarchive The Nassau Gardian. 11 September 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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Further reading
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". Also published under the title: Inagua: Which is the Name of a Very Lonely and Nearly Forgotten Island. (Natural History of the island)
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
External links
- Great Inagua Photos, January 2006
- The Nassau Guardian
Template:Districts of the Bahamas
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