Julius Adams Stratton: Difference between revisions
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'''Julius Adams Stratton''' (May 18, 1901 – June 22, 1994)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/1994/stratton-0629.html|title=President Emeritus Julius Adams Stratton dies at 93|date=29 June 1994 }}</ref> was an American electrical engineer, physicist, and university administrator known for his contributions in applied electromagnetism. He attended the [[University of Washington]] for one year, where he was admitted to the [[Zeta Psi]] fraternity, then transferred to the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (MIT), from which he graduated with a [[bachelor's degree]] in 1923 and a [[master's degree]] in 1926 both in [[electrical engineering]]. He then followed graduate studies in Europe and the Technische Hochschule of Zürich ([[ETH Zurich]]), Switzerland, awarded him the degree of Doctor of Science in 1928.<ref name="thesis-stratton-1928">{{cite thesis |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/301803695 | '''Julius Adams Stratton''' (May 18, 1901 – June 22, 1994)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/1994/stratton-0629.html|title=President Emeritus Julius Adams Stratton dies at 93|date=29 June 1994 }}</ref> was an American electrical engineer, physicist, and university administrator known for his contributions in applied electromagnetism. He attended the [[University of Washington]] for one year, where he was admitted to the [[Zeta Psi]] fraternity, then transferred to the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (MIT), from which he graduated with a [[bachelor's degree]] in 1923 and a [[master's degree]] in 1926 both in [[electrical engineering]]. He then followed graduate studies in Europe and the Technische Hochschule of Zürich ([[ETH Zurich]]), Switzerland, awarded him the degree of Doctor of Science in 1928.<ref name="thesis-stratton-1928">{{cite thesis |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/301803695 |title=Streuungskoeffizient von Wasserstoff nach der Wellenmechanik |date=1928 |publisher=[[Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich]] |type=Ph.D. |last=Stratton |first=Julius Adams |id={{ProQuest|301803695}} |url-access=subscription |oclc=720868304 |trans-title=Scattering coefficient of hydrogen in wave mechanics}}</ref> | ||
== Professional biography == | == Professional biography == | ||
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Stratton was appointed Assistant Professor in Electrical Engineering Department at MIT after his PhD. In 1930 his appointment was transferred to the Physics Department. He was promoted to Professor in 1941. He was one of the first staff members of the [[MIT Radiation Laboratory]] who joined the Laboratory in 1940.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Gray | first=P. E. | author-link=Paul E. Gray | title=Julius Adams Stratton [Obituary]| journal=Physics Today | volume=48 | issue=1 | date=1 January 1995 | issn=0031-9228 | doi=10.1063/1.2807887 | pages=67–68 | url=https://pubs.aip.org/physicstoday/article/48/1/67/408254/Julius-Adams-Stratton | access-date=3 January 2024| url-access=subscription }}</ref> | Stratton was appointed Assistant Professor in Electrical Engineering Department at MIT after his PhD. In 1930 his appointment was transferred to the Physics Department. He was promoted to Professor in 1941. He was one of the first staff members of the [[MIT Radiation Laboratory]] who joined the Laboratory in 1940.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Gray | first=P. E. | author-link=Paul E. Gray | title=Julius Adams Stratton [Obituary]| journal=Physics Today | volume=48 | issue=1 | date=1 January 1995 | issn=0031-9228 | doi=10.1063/1.2807887 | pages=67–68 | url=https://pubs.aip.org/physicstoday/article/48/1/67/408254/Julius-Adams-Stratton | access-date=3 January 2024| url-access=subscription }}</ref> | ||
He published the classic book ''Electromagnetic Theory'' as part of the [[McGraw Hill Education|McGraw Hill]] series in Pure and Applied Physics in 1941. Stratton's book was one of the most influential electromagnetic textbooks which had formed an integral part of the graduate electromagnetic educations of both physics and electrical engineering communities since its publication.<ref name="Dudley" /> [[John David Jackson (physicist)|John David Jackson]] described Stratton's book as his bible<ref>{{cite journal | last=Jackson | first=J. D. | author-link=John David Jackson (physicist) | title=Snapshots of a Physicist's Life | journal=[[Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science]] | volume=49 | issue=1 | date=1999 | issn=0163-8998 | doi=10.1146/annurev.nucl.49.1.1 | pages=1–33 | bibcode=1999ARNPS..49....1J | url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.nucl.49.1.1 |access-date=February 24, 2024| url-access=subscription }}</ref> and said that he used Stratton's book to learn advanced electromagnetism.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Jackson | first=J. D. |author-link=John David Jackson (physicist)| title=Jackson's Electromagnetic Antecedents | journal=[[American Journal of Physics]] | volume=69 | issue=6 | date=2001 | issn=0002-9505 | doi=10.1119/1.1286665 | pages=631 | bibcode=2001AmJPh..69..631J | url=https://pubs.aip.org/aapt/ajp/article-abstract/69/6/631/979777/Jackson-s-electromagnetic-antecedents | access-date=February 24, 2024| url-access=subscription }}</ref> Stratton's book also described by [[Julian Schwinger]] as one of the essential electromagnetic textbooks.<ref>{{cite book | last1=Schwinger | first1=J. | author-link=Julian Schwinger | last2=DeRaad | first2=L. L. | last3=Milton | first3=K. A. | last4=Tsai | first4=W. Y. | title=Classical Electrodynamics | publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] | date=2018 | isbn=978-0-429-50354-2 | doi=10.1201/9780429503542 | page=561 | url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9780429503542/classical-electrodynamics-julian-schwinger-lester-deraad-jr-wu-yang-tsai-kimball-milton | access-date=February 24, 2024}}</ref> In 2007 Stratton's book had been reissued by the [[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers|IEEE]] as one of its classic reissues in the collection of The IEEE Press Series on Electromagnetic Wave Theory.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Dudley | first=D. G. | title=The IEEE Series on Electromagnetic Wave Theory | journal=IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine | volume=48 | issue=6 | date=2006 | issn=1558-4143 | doi=10.1109/MAP.2006.323368 | pages=126–127 | | He published the classic book ''Electromagnetic Theory'' as part of the [[McGraw Hill Education|McGraw Hill]] series in Pure and Applied Physics in 1941. Stratton's book was one of the most influential electromagnetic textbooks which had formed an integral part of the graduate electromagnetic educations of both physics and electrical engineering communities since its publication.<ref name="Dudley" /> [[John David Jackson (physicist)|John David Jackson]] described Stratton's book as his bible<ref>{{cite journal | last=Jackson | first=J. D. | author-link=John David Jackson (physicist) | title=Snapshots of a Physicist's Life | journal=[[Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science]] | volume=49 | issue=1 | date=1999 | issn=0163-8998 | doi=10.1146/annurev.nucl.49.1.1 | pages=1–33 | bibcode=1999ARNPS..49....1J | url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.nucl.49.1.1 |access-date=February 24, 2024| url-access=subscription }}</ref> and said that he used Stratton's book to learn advanced electromagnetism.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Jackson | first=J. D. |author-link=John David Jackson (physicist)| title=Jackson's Electromagnetic Antecedents | journal=[[American Journal of Physics]] | volume=69 | issue=6 | date=2001 | issn=0002-9505 | doi=10.1119/1.1286665 | pages=631 | bibcode=2001AmJPh..69..631J | url=https://pubs.aip.org/aapt/ajp/article-abstract/69/6/631/979777/Jackson-s-electromagnetic-antecedents | access-date=February 24, 2024| url-access=subscription }}</ref> Stratton's book was also described by [[Julian Schwinger]] as one of the essential electromagnetic textbooks.<ref>{{cite book | last1=Schwinger | first1=J. | author-link=Julian Schwinger | last2=DeRaad | first2=L. L. | last3=Milton | first3=K. A. | last4=Tsai | first4=W. Y. | title=Classical Electrodynamics | publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] | date=2018 | isbn=978-0-429-50354-2 | doi=10.1201/9780429503542 | page=561 | url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9780429503542/classical-electrodynamics-julian-schwinger-lester-deraad-jr-wu-yang-tsai-kimball-milton | access-date=February 24, 2024}}</ref> In 2007 Stratton's book had been reissued by the [[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers|IEEE]] as one of its classic reissues in the collection of The IEEE Press Series on Electromagnetic Wave Theory.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Dudley | first=D. G. | title=The IEEE Series on Electromagnetic Wave Theory | journal=IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine | volume=48 | issue=6 | date=2006 | issn=1558-4143 | doi=10.1109/MAP.2006.323368 | pages=126–127 | bibcode=2006IAPM...48f.126D | s2cid=40484203 }}</ref> Stratton's book was one of the most requested classic electromagnetic textbook for reissuing in electrical engineering community. According to Donald G. Dudley then series editor of The IEEE Press Series on Electromagnetic Wave Theory, over twelve years before reissued publication of textbook in 2007, he had received many requests worldwide to reissue Stratton's book.<ref name="Dudley">{{cite book | last=Stratton | first=J. A. | author-link=Julius Adams Stratton | title=Electromagnetic Theory | date=2007 | publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|Wiley]]-[[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers|IEEE]] | isbn=9781119134640 | doi=10.1002/9781119134640 | page=v | url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119134640 | others="Foreword to the Reissued Edition" by D. G. Dudley | access-date= February 9, 2024}}</ref> | ||
Stratton was elected to the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in 1946.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Julius Adams Stratton |url=https://www.amacad.org/person/julius-adams-stratton |access-date=2023-01-10 |website=American Academy of Arts & Sciences |language=en}}</ref> In the same year he was awarded the [[Medal for Merit]] for his services.<ref name=MoM /> He was elected to the United States [[National Academy of Sciences]] in 1950 and the [[American Philosophical Society]] in 1956.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Julius A. Stratton |url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/50009.html |access-date=2023-01-10 |website=www.nasonline.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Julius+Adams+Stratton&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=2023-01-10 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> He served as the [[List of Presidents of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology|president of MIT]] between 1959 and 1966, after serving the university in several lesser posts, notably appointments to [[provost (education)|provost]] in 1949, [[vice president]] in 1951, and [[chancellor (education)|chancellor]] in 1956. | Stratton was elected to the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in 1946.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Julius Adams Stratton |url=https://www.amacad.org/person/julius-adams-stratton |access-date=2023-01-10 |website=American Academy of Arts & Sciences |language=en}}</ref> In the same year he was awarded the [[Medal for Merit]] for his services.<ref name=MoM /> He was elected to the United States [[National Academy of Sciences]] in 1950 and the [[American Philosophical Society]] in 1956.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Julius A. Stratton |url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/50009.html |access-date=2023-01-10 |website=www.nasonline.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Julius+Adams+Stratton&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=2023-01-10 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> He served as the [[List of Presidents of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology|president of MIT]] between 1959 and 1966, after serving the university in several lesser posts, notably appointments to [[provost (education)|provost]] in 1949, [[vice president]] in 1951, and [[chancellor (education)|chancellor]] in 1956. | ||
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[[Category:American microwave engineers]] | [[Category:American microwave engineers]] | ||
[[Category:ETH Zurich alumni]] | [[Category:ETH Zurich alumni]] | ||
[[Category:Radiophysicists]] | |||
Latest revision as of 16:47, 28 October 2025
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Julius Adams Stratton (May 18, 1901 – June 22, 1994)[1] was an American electrical engineer, physicist, and university administrator known for his contributions in applied electromagnetism. He attended the University of Washington for one year, where he was admitted to the Zeta Psi fraternity, then transferred to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), from which he graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1923 and a master's degree in 1926 both in electrical engineering. He then followed graduate studies in Europe and the Technische Hochschule of Zürich (ETH Zurich), Switzerland, awarded him the degree of Doctor of Science in 1928.[2]
Professional biography
Stratton was appointed Assistant Professor in Electrical Engineering Department at MIT after his PhD. In 1930 his appointment was transferred to the Physics Department. He was promoted to Professor in 1941. He was one of the first staff members of the MIT Radiation Laboratory who joined the Laboratory in 1940.[3]
He published the classic book Electromagnetic Theory as part of the McGraw Hill series in Pure and Applied Physics in 1941. Stratton's book was one of the most influential electromagnetic textbooks which had formed an integral part of the graduate electromagnetic educations of both physics and electrical engineering communities since its publication.[4] John David Jackson described Stratton's book as his bible[5] and said that he used Stratton's book to learn advanced electromagnetism.[6] Stratton's book was also described by Julian Schwinger as one of the essential electromagnetic textbooks.[7] In 2007 Stratton's book had been reissued by the IEEE as one of its classic reissues in the collection of The IEEE Press Series on Electromagnetic Wave Theory.[8] Stratton's book was one of the most requested classic electromagnetic textbook for reissuing in electrical engineering community. According to Donald G. Dudley then series editor of The IEEE Press Series on Electromagnetic Wave Theory, over twelve years before reissued publication of textbook in 2007, he had received many requests worldwide to reissue Stratton's book.[4]
Stratton was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1946.[9] In the same year he was awarded the Medal for Merit for his services.[10] He was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1950 and the American Philosophical Society in 1956.[11][12] He served as the president of MIT between 1959 and 1966, after serving the university in several lesser posts, notably appointments to provost in 1949, vice president in 1951, and chancellor in 1956.
In the 1955–1965 he served as member of Board of Trustees, RAND Corporation.[13] He also served as the chairman of the Ford Foundation between 1964 and 1971.
In 1967, Stratton was seconded to chair a Congressionally established "Commission on Marine Sciences, Engineering and Resources" whose work culminated in a report, "Our Nation and the Sea", published in 1969, that had a major influence on ocean sciences and management in the United States and abroad. The commission itself became commonly referred to as the Stratton Commission.
Stratton was also a founding member of the National Academy of Engineering.[14]
Stratton collected his speeches in a 1966 book titled Science and the Educated Man: Selected Speeches of Julius A. Stratton (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1966), with a foreword by the historian of technology Elting E. Morison who had been on the faculty of MIT as a professor of humanities in the Sloan School of Industrial Management from 1946 to 1966.[15]
MIT's Julius Adams Stratton Student Center at 84 Massachusetts Avenue is named in his honor.
Publications
Books
- Stratton JA, Electromagnetic Theory, Wiley-IEEE, 2007.[Note 1]
- Stratton JA, Morse PM, Chu LJ, Hunter RA, Elliptic Cylinder and Spheroidal Wave Functions: Including Tables of Separation Constants and Coefficients, Wiley-MIT, 1941.
- Stratton JA, Morse PM, Chu LJ, Little JDC, Corbató FJ, Spheroidal Wave Functions: Including Tables of Separation Constants and Coefficients, MIT, 1956.
Articles
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Other books
- Stratton JA, Science and the Educated Man: Selected Speeches of Julius A. Stratton, MIT, 1966.
- Stratton JA, Mannix LH, Mind and Hand: The Birth of MIT, MIT, 2005.
See also
Notes
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- ↑ Pages 464–470 of the book were written in collaboration with Lan Jen Chu.
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References
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- ↑ Honan, William H., "Elting E. Morison, 85, Educator Who Wrote Military Biographies", The New York Times, April 26, 1995
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Sources
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External links
- IEEE History Center – IEEE minibio of Julius Stratton
- Full text of the final Stratton Commission report, "Our Nation and the Sea"
- Template:PAGENAMEBASE at the Mathematics Genealogy ProjectTemplate:EditAtWikidata
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Categories:
- Pages with script errors
- Pages with reference errors
- 1901 births
- 1994 deaths
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science faculty
- Presidents of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- 20th-century American engineers
- Fellows of the American Physical Society
- Founding members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
- Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
- Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
- IEEE Medal of Honor recipients
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology provosts
- MIT School of Engineering alumni
- MIT Sloan School of Management faculty
- Engineers from Seattle
- 20th-century American academics
- Members of the American Philosophical Society
- American microwave engineers
- ETH Zurich alumni
- Radiophysicists