Blue-gray gnatcatcher: Difference between revisions
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| status = LC | | status = LC | ||
| status_system = IUCN3.1 | | status_system = IUCN3.1 | ||
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 13 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Polioptila caerulea'' |volume=2016 | | | status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 13 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Polioptila caerulea'' |volume=2016 |article-number=e.T22711581A94302237 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22711581A94302237.en |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref> | ||
| genus = Polioptila | | genus = Polioptila | ||
| species = caerulea | | species = caerulea | ||
| authority = ([[ | | authority = ([[Linnaeus]], 1766) | ||
| synonyms = ''Motacilla caerulea'' {{small|Linnaeus, 1766}} | | synonyms = ''Motacilla caerulea'' {{small|Linnaeus, 1766}} | ||
| range_map = Polioptila caerulea map.svg | | range_map = Polioptila caerulea map.svg | ||
| range_map_caption = Geographical distribution of<br> | | range_map_caption = Geographical distribution of<br /> | ||
blue-gray gnatcatcher {{leftlegend|#FF7F2A|Breeding}}{{leftlegend|#7137C8|Year-round}}{{leftlegend|#5F8DD3|Nonbreeding}}{{leftlegend|#87CDDE|Nonbreeding (scarce)}} | blue-gray gnatcatcher {{leftlegend|#FF7F2A|Breeding}}{{leftlegend|#7137C8|Year-round}}{{leftlegend|#5F8DD3|Nonbreeding}}{{leftlegend|#87CDDE|Nonbreeding (scarce)}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
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File:Blue-grayGnatcher-7DEC2017.jpg|alt=Blue-gray gnatcatcher|Blue-gray gnatcatcher gleaning a spider. [[Sacramento, California]] | File:Blue-grayGnatcher-7DEC2017.jpg|alt=Blue-gray gnatcatcher|Blue-gray gnatcatcher gleaning a spider. [[Sacramento, California]] | ||
File:Blue-gray Gnatcatcher CA.jpg|Blue-gray gnatcatcher in [[Arastradero Preserve]] in [[Palo Alto, California]] | File:Blue-gray Gnatcatcher CA.jpg|Blue-gray gnatcatcher in [[Arastradero Preserve]] in [[Palo Alto, California]] | ||
Blue-gray gnatcatcher in PP (72343).jpg|Catching an insect in [[ | Blue-gray gnatcatcher in PP (72343).jpg|Catching an insect in [[Prospect Park, Brooklyn]] | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
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==Diet and behaviour== | ==Diet and behaviour== | ||
Blue-gray gnatcatchers prefer humid areas with large leaves, [[ | Blue-gray gnatcatchers prefer humid areas with large leaves, [[woodland]]s, and more open sandy areas with sparse trees where they mainly eat [[insect]]s, [[insect egg]]s, and [[spider]]s. The males often work to build nests, help [[Egg incubation|incubate]] and raise the young, as well as feed the children, often thought to be a mother's role. Their nests are often built far out on a tree's branch with spider silks and [[lichen]] plants holding them together.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=González-García |first1=Fernando |title=First record of non-migratory Blue-gray Gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulea) as a host to the Bronzed Cowbird (Molothrus aeneus) in Mexico |journal=The Wilson Journal of Ornithology |date=2020 |volume=132 |issue=3 |doi=10.1676/20-96 |s2cid=233429970 }}</ref> They may hover over foliage while snatching prey ([[gleaning (birds)|gleaning]]), or fly to catch insects in flight ([[hawking (birds)|hawking]]). The tail is often held upright while defending territory or searching for food.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Blue-gray Gnatcatcher |url=https://www.natureweb.net/taxa/birds/bluegraygnatcatcher |access-date=2023-01-05 |website=NATURE WEB |language=en}}</ref> | ||
==Sounds== | ==Sounds== | ||
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|align=center | |align=center | ||
}} | }} | ||
| [[File:Baby Blue-gray Gnatcatcher - Flickr - GregTheBusker.jpg|thumb|center|alt=A juvenile blue-gray gnatcatcher in [[ | | [[File:Baby Blue-gray Gnatcatcher - Flickr - GregTheBusker.jpg|thumb|center|alt=A juvenile blue-gray gnatcatcher in [[San Bruno]]|A juvenile blue-gray gnatcatcher in [[San Bruno]]]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
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<ref name=BNA>{{cite book |last=Greenberg |first=Russell |year=2001 |title=Birds of North America |publisher=Sean Moore}}</ref> | <ref name=BNA>{{cite book |last=Greenberg |first=Russell |year=2001 |title=Birds of North America |publisher=Sean Moore}}</ref> | ||
<ref name=enature>{{Cite web |url=http://www.enature.com/fieldguides/detail.asp?recNum=BD0261 |title=Blue-gray Gnatcatcher ''Polioptila caerulea'' |website=eNature.com | <ref name=enature>{{Cite web |url=http://www.enature.com/fieldguides/detail.asp?recNum=BD0261 |title=Blue-gray Gnatcatcher ''Polioptila caerulea'' |website=eNature.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120428175124/http://www.enature.com/fieldguides/detail.asp?recnum=BD0261 |archive-date=2012-04-28 }}</ref> | ||
}} | }} | ||
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{{Commons category|Polioptila caerulea}} | {{Commons category|Polioptila caerulea}} | ||
{{Wikispecies|Polioptila caerulea}} | {{Wikispecies|Polioptila caerulea}} | ||
* [ | * [https://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/framlst/i7510id.html Blue-gray gnatcatcher - ''Polioptila caerula''] - USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter | ||
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20010227021530/http://www.bird-stamps.org/cspecies/14100400.htm Blue-grey gnatcatcher stamps]}} from [[Turks and Caicos]] at {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/19990428065259/http://www.bird-stamps.org/ bird-stamps.org]}} | * {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20010227021530/http://www.bird-stamps.org/cspecies/14100400.htm Blue-grey gnatcatcher stamps]}} from [[Turks and Caicos]] at {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/19990428065259/http://www.bird-stamps.org/ bird-stamps.org]}} | ||
* {{ | * {{EBirdSpecies|buggna|Blue-grey Gnatcatcher}} | ||
* {{VIREO|Blue-gray+gnatcatcher}} | * {{VIREO|Blue-gray+gnatcatcher}} | ||
* [https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/52/2017/04/hardy65sh.mp3 Blue-gray gnatcatcher Bird Sound] at Florida Museum of Natural History | * [https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/52/2017/04/hardy65sh.mp3 Blue-gray gnatcatcher Bird Sound] at Florida Museum of Natural History | ||
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[[Category:Birds of the Caribbean]] | [[Category:Birds of the Caribbean]] | ||
[[Category:Birds described in 1766|blue-gray gnatcatcher]] | [[Category:Birds described in 1766|blue-gray gnatcatcher]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Animal taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]] | ||
[[Category:Least concern biota of the United States]] | |||
Latest revision as of 02:13, 9 November 2025
Template:Short description Template:Speciesbox
The blue-gray gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulea) is a very small gnatcatcher native to North America.
Description
It is Script error: No such module "convert". in length, 6.3 in (16 cm) in wingspan,[1] and weighing only Script error: No such module "convert"..[2][3] Adult males are blue-gray on the upperparts with white underparts, slender dark bill, and a long black tail edged in white. Females are less blue, while juveniles are greenish-gray. Both sexes have a white eye ring.
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Blue-gray gnatcatcher gleaning a spider. Sacramento, California
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Blue-gray gnatcatcher in Arastradero Preserve in Palo Alto, California
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Catching an insect in Prospect Park, Brooklyn
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Distribution and habitat
The blue-gray gnatcatcher's breeding habitat includes open deciduous woods and shrublands in southern Ontario, the eastern and southwestern United States, and Mexico. Though gnatcatcher species are common and increasing in number while expanding to the northeast,[4]Script error: No such module "Unsubst". it is the only one to breed in Eastern North America. They migrate to the southern United States, Mexico, northern Central America (Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras), Cuba, the Bahamas, the Turks and Caicos Islands, and the Cayman Islands.
Diet and behaviour
Blue-gray gnatcatchers prefer humid areas with large leaves, woodlands, and more open sandy areas with sparse trees where they mainly eat insects, insect eggs, and spiders. The males often work to build nests, help incubate and raise the young, as well as feed the children, often thought to be a mother's role. Their nests are often built far out on a tree's branch with spider silks and lichen plants holding them together.[5] They may hover over foliage while snatching prey (gleaning), or fly to catch insects in flight (hawking). The tail is often held upright while defending territory or searching for food.[6]
Sounds
The songs (and calls) are often heard on breeding grounds, (usually away from nest) and occasionally heard other times of the year. Calls: "zkreee, zkreee, zkreee", Songs: "szpree zpree spreeeeey spree spre sprzrreeeee"
Breeding
Both parents build a cone-like nest on a horizontal tree branch, and share feeding the young. The incubation period is 10–15 days for both sexes, where the female lays a clutch of 4–5 eggs.[7] The blue-gray gnatcatcher can raise up to two broods in a season.[8]
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References
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- ↑ Template:Cite AllAboutBirds
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External links
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- Blue-gray gnatcatcher - Polioptila caerula - USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
- Blue-grey gnatcatcher stampsTemplate:Category handler[<span title="Script error: No such module "string".">usurped]Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". from Turks and Caicos at bird-stamps.orgTemplate:Category handler[<span title="Script error: No such module "string".">usurped]Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Template:EBirdSpecies
- Template:VIREO
- Blue-gray gnatcatcher Bird Sound at Florida Museum of Natural History
- Template:BirdLife
- Template:Avibase
- Template:IUCN Map
- Template:Xeno-canto species