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'''Loris''' is the [[common name]] for the [[Strepsirrhini|wet-nosed primates]] of the subfamily '''Lorinae'''<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Groves|pages=122-123}}</ref> (sometimes spelled '''Lorisinae'''<ref name=Brandon-Jones_et_al>{{cite journal | last1 = Brandon-Jones | first1 = D. | last2 = Eudey | first2 = A. A. | last3 = Geissmann | first3 = T. | last4 = Groves | first4 = C. P. | last5 = Melnick | first5 = D. J. | last6 = Morales | first6 = J. C. | last7 = Shekelle | first7 = M. | last8 = Stewart | first8 = C.-B. | title = Asian Primate Classification | page = 100 | journal = International Journal of Primatology | volume = 25 | issue = 1 | year = 2004 | url = http://www.gibbons.de/main/papers/pdf_files/2004asianprimates.pdf | doi = 10.1023/b:ijop.0000014647.18720.32 | s2cid = 29045930 }}</ref>) in the family [[Lorisidae]]. ''Loris'' is one genus in this subfamily and includes the [[slender loris]]es, ''Nycticebus'' is the genus containing the [[slow loris]]es, and ''Xanthonycticebus'' is the genus name of the [[pygmy slow loris]]. | '''Loris''' is the [[common name]] for the [[Strepsirrhini|wet-nosed primates]] of the subfamily '''Lorinae'''<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Groves|pages=122-123}}</ref> (sometimes spelled '''Lorisinae'''<ref name=Brandon-Jones_et_al>{{cite journal | last1 = Brandon-Jones | first1 = D. | last2 = Eudey | first2 = A. A. | last3 = Geissmann | first3 = T. | last4 = Groves | first4 = C. P. | last5 = Melnick | first5 = D. J. | last6 = Morales | first6 = J. C. | last7 = Shekelle | first7 = M. | last8 = Stewart | first8 = C.-B. | title = Asian Primate Classification | page = 100 | journal = International Journal of Primatology | volume = 25 | issue = 1 | year = 2004 | url = http://www.gibbons.de/main/papers/pdf_files/2004asianprimates.pdf | doi = 10.1023/b:ijop.0000014647.18720.32 | bibcode = 2004IJPri..25...97B | s2cid = 29045930 }}</ref>) in the family [[Lorisidae]]. ''Loris'' is one genus in this subfamily and includes the [[slender loris]]es, ''Nycticebus'' is the genus containing the [[slow loris]]es, and ''Xanthonycticebus'' is the genus name of the [[pygmy slow loris]]. | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
Lorises are [[nocturnal]] and [[arboreal]].<ref name="NowakWalker1999">{{cite book |first1= Ronald M.| | Lorises are [[nocturnal]] and [[arboreal]].<ref name="NowakWalker1999">{{cite book |first1= Ronald M.| last1= Nowak | first2= Ernest |last2= Pillsbury Walker |title=Walker's Primates of the World |url=https://archive.org/details/walkersprimateso0000nowa |url-access=registration |quote=loris OR lorises. |date=28 October 1999 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-0-8018-6251-9}}</ref> They are found in [[tropical]] and woodland forests of [[India]], [[Sri Lanka]], and parts of [[southeast Asia]]. They resemble [[lemur]]s.<ref name=Jurmain>{{cite book |title = Introduction to Physical Anthropology |first1=Robert |last1=Jurmain |first2=Lynn |last2=Kilgore |first3=Wenda |last3=Trevathan |first4=Russell L. |last4=Ciochon |first5=Eric |last5=Bartelink |year = 2008 |display-authors=2 | page= 211 |publisher=Cengage Learning |isbn=978-1337099820}}</ref> A loris's locomotion is a slow and cautious climbing form of [[quadrupedalism]]. Some lorises are almost entirely [[insectivorous]], while others also include [[fruit]]s, [[natural gum|gum]]s, [[leaves]], and [[slug]]s in their diet.<ref name=Jurmain /> | ||
Lorises are [[strepsirrhine]]s, most of which have a [[toothcomb]], a special adaptation in their lower front teeth. This toothcomb is used for grooming their fur and even injecting their venom.<ref name=Nekaris>{{cite journal |title = Extreme primates: Ecology and evolution of Asian lorises |last1 = Nekaris |first1=K A I |journal=Evol Anthropol |year=2014 |volume=23 |issue=5 |pages=177–87 |doi=10.1002/evan.21425 |pmid=25347976 |s2cid = 1948088}}</ref> | Lorises are [[strepsirrhine]]s, most of which have a [[toothcomb]], a special adaptation in their lower front teeth. This toothcomb is used for grooming their fur and even injecting their venom.<ref name=Nekaris>{{cite journal |title = Extreme primates: Ecology and evolution of Asian lorises |last1 = Nekaris |first1=K A I |journal=Evol Anthropol |year=2014 |volume=23 |issue=5 |pages=177–87 |doi=10.1002/evan.21425 |pmid=25347976 |s2cid = 1948088}}</ref> | ||
Latest revision as of 10:09, 6 December 2025
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Loris is the common name for the wet-nosed primates of the subfamily Lorinae[1] (sometimes spelled Lorisinae[2]) in the family Lorisidae. Loris is one genus in this subfamily and includes the slender lorises, Nycticebus is the genus containing the slow lorises, and Xanthonycticebus is the genus name of the pygmy slow loris.
Description
Lorises are nocturnal and arboreal.[3] They are found in tropical and woodland forests of India, Sri Lanka, and parts of southeast Asia. They resemble lemurs.[4] A loris's locomotion is a slow and cautious climbing form of quadrupedalism. Some lorises are almost entirely insectivorous, while others also include fruits, gums, leaves, and slugs in their diet.[4]
Lorises are strepsirrhines, most of which have a toothcomb, a special adaptation in their lower front teeth. This toothcomb is used for grooming their fur and even injecting their venom.[5]
Female lorises practice infant parking, leaving their infants in trees or bushes. Before they do this, they bathe their young with allergenic saliva that is acquired by licking patches on the insides of their elbows which produce a mild toxin that discourages most predators,[4] though orangutans occasionally eat lorises.[6]
Taxonomic classification
The family Lorisidae is found within the infraorder Lemuriformes and superfamily Lorisoidea, along with the family Galagidae, the galagos. This superfamily is a sister taxon of Lemuroidea, the lemurs. Within Lorinae, there are ten species (and several more subspecies) of lorises across three genera:Template:R
- Family Lorisidae
- Subfamily Perodicticinae
- Subfamily Lorinae
- Genus Loris
- Gray slender loris, Loris lydekkerianus
- Highland slender loris, L. lydekkerianus grandis
- Mysore slender loris, L. lydekkerianus lydekkerianus
- Malabar slender loris, L. lydekkerianus malabaricus
- Northern Ceylonese slender loris, L. lydekkerianus nordicus
- Red slender loris, L. tardigradus
- Dry Zone slender loris, L. tardigradus tardigradus
- Horton Plains slender loris, L. tardigradus nyctoceboides
- Gray slender loris, Loris lydekkerianus
- Genus Xanthonycticebus[7]
- Pygmy slow loris, X. pygmaeus
- Genus Nycticebus
- Bangka slow loris, Nycticebus bancanus
- Bengal slow loris, N. bengalensis
- Bornean slow loris, N. borneanus
- Sunda slow loris, N. coucang
- Javan slow loris, N. javanicus
- Kayan River slow loris, N. kayan
- Philippine slow loris, N. menagensis
- Sumatran slow loris, N. hilleri
- †? N. linglom (fossil, Miocene)
- Genus Loris
References
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External links
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