Gadfly petrel: Difference between revisions

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The species listed here are those recognised in the online list maintained by [[Frank Gill (ornithologist)|Frank Gill]], [[Pamela Rasmussen]] and David Donsker on behalf of the [[International Ornithological Committee]] (IOC), also [[Tennyson et al. 2015]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boc-online.org/bulletins/downloads/BBOC1353-Tennyson.pdf}}</ref> The genus includes 36 species, of which two have become possibly extinct in historical times.<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela C. Rasmussen | date=August 2024 | title=Petrels, albatrosses | work=IOC World Bird List Version 14.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/petrels/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=3 September 2022 }}</ref>
The species listed here are those recognised in the online list maintained by [[Frank Gill (ornithologist)|Frank Gill]], [[Pamela Rasmussen]] and David Donsker on behalf of the [[International Ornithological Committee]] (IOC), also [[Tennyson et al. 2015]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boc-online.org/bulletins/downloads/BBOC1353-Tennyson.pdf}}</ref> The genus includes 36 species, of which two have become possibly extinct in historical times.<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela C. Rasmussen | date=August 2024 | title=Petrels, albatrosses | work=IOC World Bird List Version 14.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/petrels/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=3 September 2022 }}</ref>


* [[Great-winged petrel]], ''Pterodroma macroptera'' – Indian and Atlantic Oceans
{| class="wikitable"
* [[White-headed petrel]], ''Pterodroma lessonii'' – Southern Ocean
|-
* [[Grey-faced petrel]], ''Pterodroma gouldi'' – Pacific Ocean
! Image !! Scientific name !! Common name !! Distribution
* [[Atlantic petrel]], ''Pterodroma incerta'' – south Atlantic Ocean
|-
* [[Providence petrel]], ''Pterodroma solandri'' – west Pacific Ocean
| [[File:Pterodroma macroptera in flight 3 - SE Tasmania.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma macroptera'' ||[[Great-winged petrel]]|| southern Indian and Atlantic oceans
* [[Magenta petrel]], ''Pterodroma magentae'' – south Pacific Ocean, but poorly known
|-
* [[Murphy's petrel]], ''Pterodroma ultima'' – east and central  Pacific Ocean
| [[File:White-headed Petrel 0A2A7223.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma lessonii'' ||[[White-headed petrel]]|| subantarctic
* [[Soft-plumaged petrel]], ''Pterodroma mollis'' – Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean and margins of western Pacific Ocean
|-
* [[Zino's petrel]] or Madeira petrel, ''Pterodroma madeira'' – east Atlantic Ocean
| [[File:Pterodroma gouldi - SE Tasmania.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma gouldi'' ||[[Grey-faced petrel]]|| islets off northern New Zealand
* [[Fea's petrel]], ''Pterodroma feae'' – Atlantic Ocean
|-
* [[Desertas petrel]], ''Pterodroma deserta'' (disputed) – Atlantic Ocean
| [[File:PterodromaIncerta.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma incerta'' ||[[Atlantic petrel]]|| [[Gough Island]]
* [[Bermuda petrel]], ''Pterodroma cahow'' – northwest Atlantic Ocean
|-
* [[Black-capped petrel]], ''Pterodroma hasitata'' – Atlantic Ocean: Cuba and Hispaniola to Martinique
| [[File:LordHoweIsland MtGower 274.JPG|125px]] || ''Pterodroma solandri'' ||[[Providence petrel]]|| [[Lord Howe Island]] and [[Phillip Island (Norfolk Island)|Phillip Island]]
* [[Jamaican petrel]], ''Pterodroma caribbaea'' (possibly [[extinct]]) – Atlantic Ocean: Jamaica
|-
* [[Juan Fernández petrel]], ''Pterodroma externa'' – east Pacific Ocean
| [[File:OestrelataMagentaeKeulemans.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma magentae'' ||[[Magenta petrel]]|| Chatham Islands
* [[Vanuatu petrel]] or Falla's petrel, ''Pterodroma occulta'' – southwest Pacific Ocean
|-
* [[Kermadec petrel]], ''Pterodroma neglecta'' – Pacific Ocean with eccentric breeding in the Indian Ocean on [[Île Ronde, Mauritius|Round Island, Mauritius]]<ref>{{Cite journal | last1=Brooke | first1=M.D.L. | last2=Imber | first2=M. | last3=Rowe | first3=G. | date=2000 | title=Occurrence of two surface-breeding species of ''Pterodroma'' on Round Island, Indian Ocean | journal=Ibis | volume=142 | issue=1 | pages=154–158 | doi=10.1111/j.1474-919X.2000.tb07700.x}}</ref>
| [[File:Murphy's petrel, Ducie island7.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma ultima'' ||[[Murphy's petrel]]|| Polynesia
* [[Herald petrel]], ''Pterodroma heraldica'' – southwest Pacific Ocean – split from ''P. arminjoniana''<ref name=sacc582>{{ cite web | last=Jaramillo  | first=Alvaro | date=July 2013 | title=Proposal 582: Split ''Pterodroma heraldica'' and ''P. atrata'' from ''P. arminjoniana'' | publisher=South American Classification Committee, American Ornithologists' Union | url=http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCprop582.htm | access-date=23 December 2021}}</ref>
|-
* [[Trindade petrel]], ''Pterodroma arminjoniana'' – south Atlantic Ocean, with eccentric breeding on [[Île Ronde, Mauritius|Round Island, Mauritius]]<ref>{{Cite journal | last1=Brown | first1=Ruth M. | last2=Jordan | first2=William C. | date=2009 | title=Characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci from Round Island petrels (''Pterodroma arminjoniana'') and their utility in other seabird species | journal=Journal of Ornithology | volume=150 | issue=4 | pages=925–929 | doi=10.1007/s10336-009-0411-5 | doi-access=free | bibcode=2009JOrni.150..925B }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1=Brown | first1=R.M. | last2=Jordan | first2=W.C. | last3=Faulkes | first3=C.G. | last4=Jones | first4=C.G. | last5=Bugoni | first5=L. | last6=Tatayah | first6=V. | last7=Palma | first7=R.L. | last8=Nichols | first8=R.A. | date=2011 | title=Phylogenetic relationships in ''Pterodroma'' petrels are obscured by recent secondary contact and hybridization | journal=PLOS ONE | volume=6 | issue=5 | pages=e20350 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0020350 | pmid=21655247 | pmc=3105042 | bibcode=2011PLoSO...620350B | doi-access=free }}</ref>
| [[File:Soft-plumaged Petrel.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma mollis'' ||[[Soft-plumaged petrel]]|| southern Atlantic and Indian oceans<br/>to Antipodes Islands
* [[Henderson petrel]], ''Pterodroma atrata'' – southeast Pacific Ocean – split from ''P. arminjoniana''<ref name=sacc582/>
|-
* [[Phoenix petrel]], ''Pterodroma alba'' – southwest Pacific Ocean
| [[File:Pterodroma madeira 92954030.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma madeira'' ||[[Zino's petrel]]|| Madeira
* [[Barau's petrel]], ''Pterodroma baraui'' – southwest Indian Ocean
|-
* [[Hawaiian petrel]], ''Pterodroma sandwichensis'' – central Pacific Ocean
| - || ''Pterodroma feae'' ||[[Fea's petrel]]|| Cape Verde
* [[Galápagos petrel]], ''Pterodroma phaeopygia'' – central Pacific Ocean
|-
* [[Mottled petrel]], ''Pterodroma inexpectata'' – Pacific Ocean
| [[File:Pterodroma feae deserta 92954534.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma deserta'' ||[[Desertas petrel]]|| Madeira
* [[White-necked petrel]], ''Pterodroma cervicalis'' – west Pacific Ocean
|-
* [[Black-winged petrel]], ''Pterodroma nigripennis'' – west Pacific Ocean with eccentric breeding in the Indian Ocean on Round Island, Mauritius<ref>{{Cite journal | last1=Merton | first1=Don | last2=Bell | first2=Mike | date=2003 | title=New seabird records from Round Island, Mauritius | journal=Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club | volume=123 | pages=212–215 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40416259 }}</ref>
| - || ''Pterodroma cahow'' ||[[Bermuda petrel]]|| [[Castle Harbour, Bermuda]]
* [[Chatham Islands petrel]], ''Pterodroma axillaris'' – southwest Pacific Ocean
|-
* [[Bonin petrel]], ''Pterodroma hypoleuca'' – northwest Pacific Ocean
| [[File:Pterodroma hasitataPCCA20070623-3608B.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma hasitata'' ||[[Black-capped petrel]]|| montane Hispaniola and Dominica
* [[Gould's petrel]], ''Pterodroma leucoptera'' – south Pacific Ocean
|-
* [[Collared petrel]], ''Pterodroma brevipes'' – southwest Pacific Ocean
| [[File:Pterodroma caribbaea.png|125px]] || ''Pterodroma caribbaea'' ||[[Jamaican petrel]]|| montane eastern Jamaica
* [[Cook's petrel]], ''Pterodroma cookii'' – Pacific Ocean
|-
* [[Masatierra petrel]], ''Pterodroma defilippiana'' – east Pacific Ocean
| [[File:PterodromaExterna.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma extema'' ||[[Juan Fernandez petrel]]|| [[Alejandro Selkirk Island]]
* [[Stejneger's petrel]], ''Pterodroma longirostris'' – north and east Pacific Ocean
|-
* [[Pycroft's petrel]], ''Pterodroma pycrofti'' – southwest Pacific Ocean
| - || ''Pterodroma occulta'' ||[[Vanuatu petrel]]|| [[Vanua Lava]]
* [[Saint Helena petrel|Large Saint Helena Petrel]], ''Pterodroma rupinarum –'' south Atlantic
|-
* [[Imber's petrel]], ''Pterodroma imberi –'' Chatham Islands
| [[File:OestrelataLeucophrysKeulemans.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma neglecta'' ||[[Kermadec petrel]]|| Pacific Ocean with eccentric breeding <br/>in the Indian Ocean on [[Round Island, Mauritius]]
|-
| [[File:OestrelataHeraldica.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma heraldica'' ||[[Herald petrel]]|| southwest Pacific and Round Island
|-
| [[File:OestrelataArminjonianaKeulemans.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma arminjoniana'' ||[[Trindade petrel]]|| [[Trindade and Martim Vaz]] and Round Island
|-
| [[File:Pterodroma atrata 25550225.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma atrata'' ||[[Henderson petrel]]|| southeast Pacific
|-
| [[File:Pterodroma alba - June 2024.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma alba'' ||[[Phoenix petrel]]|| southern Pacific
|-
| [[File:Pterodroma baraui, Durban, Birding Weto, a.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma baraui'' ||[[Barau's petrel]]|| [[Réunion]] ; winters to western Australia
|-
| [[File:PterodromaSandwichensis.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma sandwichensis'' ||[[Hawaiian petrel]]|| Hawaii
|-
| [[File:Pterodroma phaeopygia.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma phaeopygia'' ||[[Galapagos petrel]]|| Galapagos Islands
|-
| [[File:Mottled Petrel 0A2A3403.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma inexpectata'' ||[[Mottled petrel]]|| southern New Zealand ; winters to Bering Sea
|-
| [[File:White-necked Petrel 0A.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma cervicalis'' ||[[White-necked petrel]]|| Phillip Island (Norfolk Island) and Kermadec Islands ;<br/>winters southern Pacific
|-
| [[File:Blackwinged petrel upperwing jun08.JPG|125px]] || ''Pterodroma nigripennis'' ||[[Black-winged petrel]]|| Round Island and southwest Pacific ;<br/>winters southern Pacific
|-
| [[File:Godmanchathamlg.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma axillaris'' ||[[Chatham Islands petrel]]|| [[Rangatira Island]]
|-
| [[File:Pterodroma hypoleuca -Midway Atoll, USA-8.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma hypoleuca'' ||[[Bonin petrel]]|| northwest Pacific
|-
| [[File:Gould's Petrel 0A2A1313.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma leucoptera'' ||[[Gould's petrel]]|| southwest Pacific
|-
| [[File:OestrelataTorquataKeulemans.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma brevipes'' ||[[Collared petrel]]|| southwest Pacific
|-
| [[File:Cookspetrel1.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma cookii'' ||[[Cook's petrel]]|| [[Great Barrier Island|Great]] & [[Little Barrier Island]], [[Codfish Island / Whenua Hou|Codfish Island]]
|-
| [[File:OestrelataDefilippianaKeulemans.jpg|125px]] || ''Pterodroma defilippiana'' ||[[Masatierra petrel]]|| [[Desventuradas Islands]] and [[Santa Clara Island]]
|-
| - || ''Pterodroma longirostris'' ||[[Stejneger's petrel]]|| Alejandro Selkirk Island ; winters north Pacific
|-
| - || ''Pterodroma pycrofti'' ||[[Pycroft's petrel]]|| islets off northeastern New Zealand
|-
|}


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 15:29, 30 October 2025

Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox

The gadfly petrels or Pterodroma are a genus of about 35 species of petrels, part of the seabird order Procellariiformes. The gadfly petrels are named for their speedy weaving flight, as if evading gadflies (horseflies). The flight action is also reflected in the name Pterodroma, from Ancient Greek pteron, "wing" and dromos, "runner".

The short, sturdy bills of these medium to large petrels are adapted for soft prey that they pick from the ocean surface. They have twisted intestines for digesting marine animals that have unusual biochemistries.

Their complex wing and face marking are probably for interspecific recognition.

These birds nest in colonies on islands and are pelagic when not breeding. One white egg is laid usually in a burrow or on open ground. They are nocturnal at the breeding colonies.

While generally wide-ranging, most Pterodroma species are confined to a single ocean basin (e.g. Atlantic), and vagrancy is not as common amongst the genus as in some other seabird species (cf. the storm petrels Hydrobatidae). Eleven species in this genus breed in the New Zealand region, and six of these are only found there.[1]

Taxonomy

The genus Pterodroma was introduced in 1856 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte.[2] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek pteron meaning "wing" with dromos meaning "racer" or "runner".[3] The type species was subsequently designated as the great-winged petrel by the American ornithologist Elliott Coues in 1866.[4][5]

The species listed here are those recognised in the online list maintained by Frank Gill, Pamela Rasmussen and David Donsker on behalf of the International Ornithological Committee (IOC), also Tennyson et al. 2015.[6] The genus includes 36 species, of which two have become possibly extinct in historical times.[7]

Image Scientific name Common name Distribution
File:Pterodroma macroptera in flight 3 - SE Tasmania.jpg  Pterodroma macroptera Great-winged petrel southern Indian and Atlantic oceans
File:White-headed Petrel 0A2A7223.jpg  Pterodroma lessonii White-headed petrel subantarctic
File:Pterodroma gouldi - SE Tasmania.jpg  Pterodroma gouldi Grey-faced petrel islets off northern New Zealand
File:PterodromaIncerta.jpg  Pterodroma incerta Atlantic petrel Gough Island
File:LordHoweIsland MtGower 274.JPG  Pterodroma solandri Providence petrel Lord Howe Island and Phillip Island
File:OestrelataMagentaeKeulemans.jpg  Pterodroma magentae Magenta petrel Chatham Islands
File:Murphy's petrel, Ducie island7.jpg  Pterodroma ultima Murphy's petrel Polynesia
File:Soft-plumaged Petrel.jpg  Pterodroma mollis Soft-plumaged petrel southern Atlantic and Indian oceans
to Antipodes Islands
File:Pterodroma madeira 92954030.jpg  Pterodroma madeira Zino's petrel Madeira
-  Pterodroma feae Fea's petrel Cape Verde
File:Pterodroma feae deserta 92954534.jpg  Pterodroma deserta Desertas petrel Madeira
-  Pterodroma cahow Bermuda petrel Castle Harbour, Bermuda
File:Pterodroma hasitataPCCA20070623-3608B.jpg  Pterodroma hasitata Black-capped petrel montane Hispaniola and Dominica
File:Pterodroma caribbaea.png  Pterodroma caribbaea Jamaican petrel montane eastern Jamaica
File:PterodromaExterna.jpg  Pterodroma extema Juan Fernandez petrel Alejandro Selkirk Island
-  Pterodroma occulta Vanuatu petrel Vanua Lava
File:OestrelataLeucophrysKeulemans.jpg  Pterodroma neglecta Kermadec petrel Pacific Ocean with eccentric breeding
in the Indian Ocean on Round Island, Mauritius
File:OestrelataHeraldica.jpg  Pterodroma heraldica Herald petrel southwest Pacific and Round Island
File:OestrelataArminjonianaKeulemans.jpg  Pterodroma arminjoniana Trindade petrel Trindade and Martim Vaz and Round Island
File:Pterodroma atrata 25550225.jpg  Pterodroma atrata Henderson petrel southeast Pacific
File:Pterodroma alba - June 2024.jpg  Pterodroma alba Phoenix petrel southern Pacific
File:Pterodroma baraui, Durban, Birding Weto, a.jpg  Pterodroma baraui Barau's petrel Réunion ; winters to western Australia
File:PterodromaSandwichensis.jpg  Pterodroma sandwichensis Hawaiian petrel Hawaii
File:Pterodroma phaeopygia.jpg  Pterodroma phaeopygia Galapagos petrel Galapagos Islands
File:Mottled Petrel 0A2A3403.jpg  Pterodroma inexpectata Mottled petrel southern New Zealand ; winters to Bering Sea
File:White-necked Petrel 0A.jpg  Pterodroma cervicalis White-necked petrel Phillip Island (Norfolk Island) and Kermadec Islands ;
winters southern Pacific
File:Blackwinged petrel upperwing jun08.JPG  Pterodroma nigripennis Black-winged petrel Round Island and southwest Pacific ;
winters southern Pacific
File:Godmanchathamlg.jpg  Pterodroma axillaris Chatham Islands petrel Rangatira Island
File:Pterodroma hypoleuca -Midway Atoll, USA-8.jpg  Pterodroma hypoleuca Bonin petrel northwest Pacific
File:Gould's Petrel 0A2A1313.jpg  Pterodroma leucoptera Gould's petrel southwest Pacific
File:OestrelataTorquataKeulemans.jpg  Pterodroma brevipes Collared petrel southwest Pacific
File:Cookspetrel1.jpg  Pterodroma cookii Cook's petrel Great & Little Barrier Island, Codfish Island
File:OestrelataDefilippianaKeulemans.jpg  Pterodroma defilippiana Masatierra petrel Desventuradas Islands and Santa Clara Island
-  Pterodroma longirostris Stejneger's petrel Alejandro Selkirk Island ; winters north Pacific
-  Pterodroma pycrofti Pycroft's petrel islets off northeastern New Zealand

See also

References

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