Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Duke of Savoy from 1465 to 1472}} | {{Short description|Duke of Savoy from 1465 to 1472}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}} | |||
{{Infobox royalty | {{Infobox royalty | ||
| name = Amadeus IX | | name = Amadeus IX | ||
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| religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] | | religion = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Amadeus IX''' (1 February 1435 | '''Amadeus IX''' (1 February 1435 – 30 March 1472), nicknamed '''the Happy''', was the [[Duke of Savoy]] from 1465 to 1472. Known for his piety, charity, and gentle nature, he is venerated by the [[Catholic Church]] with a liturgical feast on 30 March. He was [[beatified]] by [[Pope Innocent XI]] in 1677. | ||
==Life== | ==Life== | ||
Amadeus was born | Amadeus was born in [[Thonon-les-Bains]], the son of [[Louis, Duke of Savoy]], and [[Anne de Lusignan]],{{sfn|Hand|2013|p=220}} daughter of [[Janus of Cyprus]], King of Cyprus. In 1452, his mother arranged a political marriage to [[Yolande of Valois]] (1434–1478), sister of [[Louis XI of France]] and daughter of [[Charles VII of France]]. Because of his epilepsy and retirement, she was left in control of the state.<ref name=bunson>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l-pwoTFp31kC&q=blessed+amadeus+ix+of+savoy&pg=PA75|title=Bunson, Matthew and Bunson, Stephen. "Amadeus IX of Savoy", ''Our Sunday Visitor's Encyclopedia of Saints'', OSV Publishing, 2003|isbn=9781931709750|last1=Bunson|first1=Matthew|last2=Bunson|first2=Margaret|last3=Bunson|first3=Stephen|year=2003}}</ref> | ||
[[France]] and the Holy Roman Empire competed to gain control of Savoy's strategically important [[Alps|Alpine]] mountain passes and trade routes.<ref name=savoy/> His sister, [[Charlotte of Savoy]], became the second wife of | [[Kingdom of France|France]] and the [[Holy Roman Empire]] competed to gain control of Savoy's strategically important [[Alps|Alpine]] mountain passes and trade routes.<ref name=savoy/> His sister, [[Charlotte of Savoy]], became the second wife of Louis XI of France. French influence increased in Savoy and involved the country in the wars between France and the emperors.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13492a.htm|title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Savoy|website=www.newadvent.org}}</ref> The Castle of Moncalleri in Piedmont, Italy had been built around 1100 as a hill fortress, to command the main southern access from Turin. In the mid-15th century, Yolande turned it into a Renaissance Royal Palace. | ||
Amadeus was a particular protector of Franciscan friars. He also endowed other religious houses as well as homes for the care of the poor and suffering.<ref name=savoy>{{Cite web|url=http://www.savoydelegation-usa.org/history.asp?id=387|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206075352/http://www.savoydelegation-usa.org/history.asp?id=387|url-status=dead|title="The Early Dukes of Savoy", American Delegation of Savoy Orders|archive-date=February 6, 2012}}</ref> He made a pilgrimage to [[Saint-Claude, Jura|Saint-Claude]] in 1471.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13341a.htm|title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Saint-Claude|website=www.newadvent.org}}</ref> He died the following year.<ref name=savoy/> | Amadeus was a particular protector of Franciscan friars. He also endowed other religious houses as well as homes for the care of the poor and suffering.<ref name=savoy>{{Cite web|url=http://www.savoydelegation-usa.org/history.asp?id=387|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206075352/http://www.savoydelegation-usa.org/history.asp?id=387|url-status=dead|title="The Early Dukes of Savoy", American Delegation of Savoy Orders|archive-date=February 6, 2012}}</ref> He made a pilgrimage to [[Saint-Claude, Jura|Saint-Claude]] in 1471.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13341a.htm|title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Saint-Claude|website=www.newadvent.org}}</ref> He died the following year.<ref name=savoy/> | ||
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==Family== | ==Family== | ||
[[File:Lesser coat of arms of the Kingdom of Italy (1890).svg|125px|right|thumb|Coat of Arms of the Dukes of Savoy]] | |||
Amadeus IX had ten children with Yolande of Valois: | Amadeus IX had ten children with Yolande of Valois: | ||
# Louis (1453) | # Louis (1453) | ||
# [[Anne of Savoy|Anne]] (1455–1480), married [[Frederick IV of Naples]] (1452–1504), prince of [[Altamura]] | # [[Anne of Savoy|Anne]] (1455–1480), married [[Frederick IV of Naples]] (1452–1504), prince of [[Altamura]] | ||
| Line 40: | Line 43: | ||
# Bernard (1467) | # Bernard (1467) | ||
# [[Charles I of Savoy|Charles]] (1468–1490){{sfn|Hand|2013|p=220}} | # [[Charles I of Savoy|Charles]] (1468–1490){{sfn|Hand|2013|p=220}} | ||
# James Louis (1470–1485), Count of [[Genevois (province)|Genevois]], | # James Louis (1470–1485), Count of [[Genevois (province)|Genevois]], France | ||
# Gian Claudio Galeazzo (1472) | # Gian Claudio Galeazzo (1472) | ||
His daughter Louise became a [[nun]] of the [[Franciscan]] [[Second Order (religious)|Second Order]] after being widowed at a young age. She was also beatified. | His daughter Louise became a [[nun]] of the [[Franciscan]] [[Second Order (religious)|Second Order]] after being widowed at a young age. She was also beatified. | ||
==Beatification== | ==Beatification== | ||
A | A reputation for miracles began to grow around a 1474 painting of Amadeus, which was housed in the [[San Domenico, Turin|Dominican church in Turin]]. | ||
Michel Merle suggests that the cult of Amadeus was part of a decades long effort on the part of the [[House of Savoy]] to enhance its political status.<ref name=Merle/> 1612 saw the publication in Turin of a brief text extolling Amadeus, by Girolamo Cordieri, canon of the cathedral chapter of Mondovi. Cordieri was later to be appointed theologian to [[Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy]]. Also in 1612, a canon from Vercelli published a compendium of miracles attributed to Amadeus' intercession. | Michel Merle suggests that the cult of Amadeus was part of a decades-long effort on the part of the [[House of Savoy]] to enhance its political status.<ref name=Merle/> 1612 saw the publication in Turin of a brief text extolling Amadeus, by Girolamo Cordieri, canon of the cathedral chapter of Mondovi. Cordieri was later to be appointed theologian to [[Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy]]. Also in 1612, a canon from Vercelli published a compendium of miracles attributed to Amadeus' intercession. | ||
In 1613, | In 1613, a ''Historia del Beato Amedeo terzo duca di Savoia'' was composed by Fr. Pietro-Francisco Malletta. Six years later, the Duke of Savoy issued nine-florin coins depicting Amadeus IX on one side. These appear to have been used as religious medals, particularly in the [[Chablais]], where they were distributed by [[Francis de Sales]].<ref name=Merle>{{cite book |last1=Merle |first1=Michel |chapter=The Model of the Holy Savoyard Prince A Religious Discourse for Political Ends |pages=151–166 |id={{Project MUSE|2754853|type=chapter}} |doi=10.5325/j.ctv1c9hnc2.14 |jstor=10.5325/j.ctv1c9hnc2.14 |editor1-first=Matthew |editor1-last=Vester |title=Sabaudian Studies: Political Culture, Dynasty, and Territory (1400–1700) |date=2013 |publisher=Penn State University Press |isbn=978-1-61248-094-7 }}</ref> | ||
Presented as a holy prince known for his charity and concern for the poor, Amadeus IX was beatified on 3 March 1677 by [[Pope Innocent XI]].<ref name=Merle/> | Presented as a holy prince known for his charity and concern for the poor, Amadeus IX was [[beatified]] on 3 March 1677 by [[Pope Innocent XI]].<ref name=Merle/> | ||
==Ancestry== | ==Ancestry== | ||
| Line 67: | Line 69: | ||
|2= 2. [[Louis, Duke of Savoy]]<ref name=bunson/> | |2= 2. [[Louis, Duke of Savoy]]<ref name=bunson/> | ||
|3= 3. [[Anne of Cyprus]]<ref name=bunson/> | |3= 3. [[Anne of Cyprus]]<ref name=bunson/> | ||
|4= 4. [[Antipope Felix V]]<ref name=Vaughn>{{cite book |last1=Vaughan |first1=Richard |title=Philip the Bold: The Formation of the Burgundian State |date=2002 |publisher=Boydell Press |isbn=978-0-85115-915-7 }}{{ | |4= 4. [[Antipope Felix V]]<ref name=Vaughn>{{cite book |last1=Vaughan |first1=Richard |title=Philip the Bold: The Formation of the Burgundian State |date=2002 |publisher=Boydell Press |isbn=978-0-85115-915-7 }}{{page needed|date=March 2024}}</ref> | ||
|5= 5. [[Mary of Burgundy, Duchess of Savoy|Mary of Burgundy]]<ref name=Vaughn/> | |5= 5. [[Mary of Burgundy, Duchess of Savoy|Mary of Burgundy]]<ref name=Vaughn/> | ||
|6= 6. [[Janus of Cyprus]]<ref name=Luke>Luke, Harry (1975). "The Kingdom of Cyprus". In Setton, Kenneth Meyer (ed.). A History of the Crusades: The fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Vol. III. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 371</ref> | |6= 6. [[Janus of Cyprus]]<ref name=Luke>Luke, Harry (1975). "The Kingdom of Cyprus". In Setton, Kenneth Meyer (ed.). A History of the Crusades: The fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Vol. III. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 371</ref> | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{commons category | {{commons category}} | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
*{{cite book |title=Women, Manuscripts and Identity in Northern Europe, 1350-1550 |first=Joni M. |last=Hand |publisher=Routledge | * {{cite book |title=Women, Manuscripts and Identity in Northern Europe, 1350-1550 |first=Joni M. |last=Hand |publisher=Routledge |year=2013 }}220 | ||
{{S-start}} | {{S-start}} | ||
Latest revision as of 13:30, 30 July 2025
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox royalty Amadeus IX (1 February 1435 – 30 March 1472), nicknamed the Happy, was the Duke of Savoy from 1465 to 1472. Known for his piety, charity, and gentle nature, he is venerated by the Catholic Church with a liturgical feast on 30 March. He was beatified by Pope Innocent XI in 1677.
Life
Amadeus was born in Thonon-les-Bains, the son of Louis, Duke of Savoy, and Anne de Lusignan,Template:Sfn daughter of Janus of Cyprus, King of Cyprus. In 1452, his mother arranged a political marriage to Yolande of Valois (1434–1478), sister of Louis XI of France and daughter of Charles VII of France. Because of his epilepsy and retirement, she was left in control of the state.[1]
France and the Holy Roman Empire competed to gain control of Savoy's strategically important Alpine mountain passes and trade routes.[2] His sister, Charlotte of Savoy, became the second wife of Louis XI of France. French influence increased in Savoy and involved the country in the wars between France and the emperors.[3] The Castle of Moncalleri in Piedmont, Italy had been built around 1100 as a hill fortress, to command the main southern access from Turin. In the mid-15th century, Yolande turned it into a Renaissance Royal Palace.
Amadeus was a particular protector of Franciscan friars. He also endowed other religious houses as well as homes for the care of the poor and suffering.[2] He made a pilgrimage to Saint-Claude in 1471.[4] He died the following year.[2]
Amadeus was an avid collector of manuscripts, adding over sixty items to the ducal library started by his great-grandfather Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy.[5]
Family
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Amadeus IX had ten children with Yolande of Valois:
- Louis (1453)
- Anne (1455–1480), married Frederick IV of Naples (1452–1504), prince of Altamura
- Charles (1456–1471), Prince of Piedmont
- Maria (1460–1511) married Philip of Hachberg-Sausenberg (1454–1503)
- Louise (1461–1503), married Hugh, Prince of Chalon and, later, became a Poor Clare nun
- Philibert (1465–1482)Template:Sfn
- Bernard (1467)
- Charles (1468–1490)Template:Sfn
- James Louis (1470–1485), Count of Genevois, France
- Gian Claudio Galeazzo (1472)
His daughter Louise became a nun of the Franciscan Second Order after being widowed at a young age. She was also beatified.
Beatification
A reputation for miracles began to grow around a 1474 painting of Amadeus, which was housed in the Dominican church in Turin.
Michel Merle suggests that the cult of Amadeus was part of a decades-long effort on the part of the House of Savoy to enhance its political status.[6] 1612 saw the publication in Turin of a brief text extolling Amadeus, by Girolamo Cordieri, canon of the cathedral chapter of Mondovi. Cordieri was later to be appointed theologian to Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy. Also in 1612, a canon from Vercelli published a compendium of miracles attributed to Amadeus' intercession.
In 1613, a Historia del Beato Amedeo terzo duca di Savoia was composed by Fr. Pietro-Francisco Malletta. Six years later, the Duke of Savoy issued nine-florin coins depicting Amadeus IX on one side. These appear to have been used as religious medals, particularly in the Chablais, where they were distributed by Francis de Sales.[6]
Presented as a holy prince known for his charity and concern for the poor, Amadeus IX was beatified on 3 March 1677 by Pope Innocent XI.[6]
Ancestry
References
Template:Sister project Template:Reflist
Sources
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".220
Categories:
- Pages with script errors
- Pages with broken file links
- 1435 births
- 1472 deaths
- 15th-century dukes of Savoy
- 15th-century venerated Christians
- Burials at Vercelli Cathedral
- French beatified people
- Roman Catholic royal saints
- Italian people of Cypriot descent
- People from Thonon-les-Bains
- Royalty and nobility with epilepsy
- Italian royalty and nobility with disabilities
- 15th-century Italian nobility