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[[File:MS Ghent - Battle of Tewkesbury.jpg|thumb|The [[Battle of Tewkesbury]] is fought, restoring [[Edward IV]].]]
[[File:MS Ghent - Battle of Tewkesbury.jpg|thumb|The [[Battle of Tewkesbury]] is fought, restoring [[Edward IV]].]]
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{About year|1471|the BT caller-ID service|1-4-7-1}}
{{About year|1471|the BT caller-ID service|1-4-7-1}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2017}}
{{Year nav|1471}}
{{Year nav|1471}}
{{C15 year in topic}}Year '''1471''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCDLXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Tuesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].
{{C15 year in topic}}Year '''1471''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCDLXXI]]''') was a [[common year starting on Tuesday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].
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=== January&ndash;December ===
=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January]] &ndash; Portuguese navigators [[João de Santarém]] and [[Pedro Escobar]] reach the gold-trading centre of [[Elmina]] on the [[Portuguese Gold Coast|Gold Coast]] of west Africa,<ref>{{cite book|last=Wilks|first=Ivor|chapter=Wangara, Akan and Portuguese in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries|editor1-last=Bakewell|editor1-first=Peter |title=Mines of Silver and Gold in the Americas|year=1997|publisher=Ashgate|location=Aldershot|pages=1–39}}</ref> and explore Cape St. Catherine, two degrees south of the equator, so that they begin to be guided by the [[Southern Cross]] constellation. They also visit [[Sassandra]] on the [[Ivory Coast]].
* [[January 4]] &ndash; [[Charles the Bold]], [[Duke of Burgundy]] agrees to help [[Edward IV]] regain the English throne from [[Henry VI of England|King Henry VI]].
* [[February]] - [[March]] &ndash; [[Champa–Đại Việt War (1471)|Champa–Đại Việt War]]: Emperor [[Lê Thánh Tông]] captures the [[Champa]] capital, establishing new regions in middle Vietnam.
* [[January 17]] &ndash; Portuguese navigators [[João de Santarém]] and [[Pedro Escobar]] discover the uninhabited island of [[Príncipe]] (now part of the nation of [[São Tomé and Príncipe ]]). They initially call it "Ilha de Santo Antão" because they land it on the feast day of [[Anthony the Great|Saint Anthony]].
* [[March]] &ndash; The [[Yorkist]] King [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]] returns to England to reclaim his throne.
* [[January 22]] &ndash; At age 15, [[John II of Portugal|Prince João of Aviz]], the eldest son of [[Afonso V of Portugal|King Afonso V]], marries his 12-year-old first cousin, [[Eleanor of Viseu|Leonor de Avis]]. Both are grandchildren of [[Edward, King of Portugal|King Duarte I of Portugal]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Conde de |last=Sabugosa |title=A rainha D. Leonor, 1458-1525 |year=1921 |publisher=Portugalia Editora |location=Lisbon |edition=First |pages=40-43 |url=https://ia600900.us.archive.org/20/items/rainhadleonor14500sabuuoft/rainhadleonor14500sabuuoft.pdf}}</ref>
* [[April 14]] &ndash; [[Battle of Barnet]]: Edward defeats the [[House of Lancaster|Lancastrian]] army under [[Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick|Warwick]], who is killed.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Burne |first=Alfred |author-link=Alfred Burne |title=The Battlefields of England |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IzwOAAAAQAAJ |access-date=8 February 2009 |year=1950 |publisher=[[Methuen Publishing|Methuen and Company]] |location=London |oclc=3010941 |chapter=The Battle of Barnet, April&nbsp;14th, 1471 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IzwOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA108|page=108 }}</ref>
* [[January]] &ndash; Portuguese navigators [[João de Santarém]] and [[Pedro Escobar]] reach the gold-trading centre of [[Elmina]] on the [[Portuguese Gold Coast|Gold Coast]] of west Africa,<ref>{{cite book|last=Wilks|first=Ivor|chapter=Wangara, Akan and Portuguese in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries|editor1-last=Bakewell|editor1-first=Peter |title=Mines of Silver and Gold in the Americas |year=1997 |publisher=Ashgate |location=Aldershot|pages=1–39}}</ref> and explore Cape St. Catherine, two degrees south of the equator, so that they begin to be guided by the [[Southern Cross]] constellation. They also visit [[Sassandra]] on the [[Ivory Coast]].
* [[May 4]] &ndash; [[Battle of Tewkesbury]]: King Edward defeats a Lancastrian army under [[Margaret of Anjou|Queen Margaret]] and her son, [[Edward of Westminster]] the Prince of Wales, who is killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/upload/pdf/tewkesbury.pdf?1253781010|title=English Heritage Battlefield Report: Tewkesbury 1471|year=1995|publisher=[[English Heritage]]|pages=2–3|access-date=2010-04-24|archive-date=24 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824101110/https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/upload/pdf/tewkesbury.pdf?1253781010&1253781010|url-status=live}}</ref>  
* [[February 10]] &ndash; [[Albrecht III Achilles]] becomes the new [[Elector of Brandenburg]] upon the abdication of his older brother, [[Frederick II, Elector of Brandenburg|Friedrich II]], who had guided the electorate since 1440.
* [[May 22]] &ndash; King Edward IV celebrates his victories with a triumphal parade on his return to London. The captured Queen Margaret is paraded through the streets. The same day [[Henry VI of England]] is murdered in the [[Tower of London]], eliminating all Lancastrian opposition to the [[House of York]].
* [[February 24]] &ndash; In what is now south [[Vietnam]], the [[Champa–Đại Việt War (1471)|Champa–Dai Viet War]] begins when the [[Đại Việt|Dai Viet]] Emperor [[Lê Thánh Tông]] sends 500 warships to block the Champa Kingdom's Bay of Sa Ky, while another 30,000 troops block all entrances to the capital city of [[Vijaya (Champa)|Vijaya]] at what is now the [[Quảng Ngãi Province]]. The Me Can citadel in Quang Na falls two days later and the Vietnamese advance.<ref name=Taylor>{{cite book|last= Taylor| first=K.W. | title=A History of the Vietnamese|year=2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=220|isbn=978-0-521-87586-8}}</ref>
* [[July 14]] &ndash; [[Battle of Shelon]]: The forces of [[Grand Duchy of Moscow|Muscovy]] defeat the [[Republic of Novgorod]].
* [[March 22]] &ndash; The Empire of Dai Viet in north Vietnam triumphs over the [[Champa|Champa Kingdom]] of south Vietnam after Dai Viet Emperor Le Thanh Tong ignores the offer of Champa King Tra Toan to surrender Vijaya.<ref>{{cite book |last=Sun |first=Laichen |chapter=Chinese Gunpowder Technology and Đại Việt, ca. 1390–1497| page=100 |title=Viet Nam: Borderless Histories |editor1= Anthony Reid |editor2 =Tran Nhung Tuyet |location=Cambridge |publisher = University of Wisconsin Press| year = 2006 | isbn = 978-1-316-44504-4}}</ref> After the city walls are breached, King Tra Toan, his family and 30,000 other Chams are captured as prisoners, while over 60,000 other Chams are killed.<ref>{{cite book|last=Maspero|first=Georges|year=2002|title=The Champa Kingdom|publisher=White Lotus Co., Ltd|pages=117-118|isbn=978-9-747-53499-3}}</ref> Another 40,000 residents who did not die in the fighting are executed.<ref>{{cite book|last=Zottoli|first=Brian A.|year=2011|title=Reconceptualizing Southern Vietnamese History from the 15th to 18th Centuries: Competition along the Coasts from Guangdong to Cambodia|publisher=University of Michigan|page=79}}</ref>
* [[August 9]] &ndash; [[Pope Sixtus IV]] succeeds [[Pope Paul II]], to become the 212th [[pope]].
* [[March 15]] &ndash; With the help of a group of mercenaries lent to him by Charles the Bold of Burgundy, the [[Yorkist]] King [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]] returns to England to reclaim his throne, landing near Hull, after having departed from Holland on March 11.<ref>[https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Encyclopaedia_Britannica/caQMjL_9VhEC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=edward+hull+1471+march&pg=PA519&printsec=frontcover "English History"], by Albert Frederick Pollard, in ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'' (Cambridge University Press, 1910) p.519</ref>
* [[August 24]] &ndash; King [[Afonso V of Portugal]] conquers the Moroccan town of [[Arzila]].
 
=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 14]] &ndash; At the [[Battle of Barnet]], Edward defeats the [[House of Lancaster|Lancastrian]] army under [[Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick|Warwick]], who is killed.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Burne |first=Alfred |author-link=Alfred Burne |title=The Battlefields of England |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IzwOAAAAQAAJ |access-date=8 February 2009 |year=1950 |publisher=[[Methuen Publishing|Methuen and Company]] |location=London |oclc=3010941 |chapter=The Battle of Barnet, April&nbsp;14th, 1471 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IzwOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA108|page=108 }}</ref>
* [[May 4]] &ndash; At the [[Battle of Tewkesbury]], King Edward defeats a Lancastrian army led by [[Margaret of Anjou|Queen Margaret]] and her son, [[Edward of Westminster]] the Prince of Wales. Edward, Prince of Wales, his killed in the battle.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/upload/pdf/tewkesbury.pdf?1253781010|title=English Heritage Battlefield Report: Tewkesbury 1471|year=1995|publisher=[[English Heritage]]|pages=2–3|access-date=2010-04-24|archive-date=24 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824101110/https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/upload/pdf/tewkesbury.pdf?1253781010&1253781010|url-status=live}}</ref>  
* [[May 12]] &ndash; The [[Siege of London (1471)|siege of London]] is attempted by hundreds of supporters of England's [[House of Lancaster]], who are attempting to free the former King Henry VI from imprisonment in the [[Tower of London]]. Led by [[Thomas Neville (died 1471)|Thomas Neville]], the Lancastrians set cannons up on the south bank of the [[Thames]] and attempt to bombard London, but is unable to break the defense put up by Londoners led by [[Edward Woodville, Lord Scales]], and the attack fails after three days.<ref>{{Cite DNB |wstitle= Neville, William (d.1463) |volume= 40 |last= Tait  |first= James |author-link= James Tait (historian) |pages= 304=306 |year=|short=1}}</ref>
* [[May 21]] &ndash; King Edward IV celebrates his victories with a triumphal parade on his return to London. The captured Queen Margaret is paraded through the streets. On the same day [[Henry VI of England]] is murdered in the [[Tower of London]]<ref name="weir">{{Cite book |last=Weir |first=Alison |title=Britain's Royal Family |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-0995-3973-5 |page=133 |publisher=Vintage Books |author-link=Alison Weir}}</ref>, eliminating all Lancastrian opposition to the [[House of York]].
* [[May 27]] &ndash; Two months after the death of King [[George of Poděbrady]], the Diet of Bohemian nobles meets at [[Kutná Hora]] and elects [[Vladislaus II of Hungary|Vladislaus Jagiello]] as the new [[List of Bohemian monarchs|King of Bohemia]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Macek |first=Josef |editor-last=Teich |editor-first=Mikuláš | title=Bohemia in History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1998 |pages=100 |chapter=The monarchy of the estates |isbn=0-521-43155-7 }}</ref> The papal legate, [[Lorenzo Roverella]], Bishop of Ferrara, declares the election void with the approval of Pope Paul II, and endorses [[Matthias Corvinus]], King of Hungary, to be the new King of Bohemia, which the [[Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)|Imperial Diet]] of the [[Holy Roman Empire]] refuses to approve.<ref name=Teke>{{cite book |last=Teke |first=Zsuzsa |editor-last=Solymosi |editor-first=László | title=Magyarország történeti kronológiája, I: a kezdetektől 1526-ig ''[Historical Chronology of Hungary, Volume I: From the Beginning to 1526]'' |publisher=Akadémiai Kiadó |year=1981 |pages=292 |chapter=A középkori magyar állam virágzása és bukása, 1301–1526: 1458–1490 [Flourishing and Fall of Medieval Hungary, 1301–1526: 1458–1490] |isbn=963-05-2661-1 |language=hu }}</ref>
* [[June 26]] &ndash; [[Edward V|Edward of York]], the 7-month-old son of King Edward IV of England, is created [[Prince of Wales]], two months after his father has regained the throne.<ref>[http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/the-prince-of-wales/titles-and-heraldry/previous-princes-of-wales l Previous Princes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014191303/http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/the-prince-of-wales/titles-and-heraldry/previous-princes-of-wales |date=14 October 2013 }}. Prince of Wales official website. Retrieved on 15 July 2013</ref>
 
=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 14]] &ndash; At the [[Battle of Shelon]], the forces of [[Grand Duchy of Moscow|Muscovy]] defeat the [[Republic of Novgorod]].
* [[July 26]] &ndash; [[Pope Paul II]] dies of a heart attack. at age 54 after a reign of almost seven years, leaving the Roman Catholic Church papacy vacant.
* [[August 6]] &ndash; Eleven days after the death of Pope Paul II, the [[1471 conclave|papal conclave]] begins in Rome with 18 of the 25 cardinals present. On the initial vote, with 12 needed to win, |[[Basilios Bessarion]] of Greece gets six, and |[[Guillaume d'Estouteville]] of France and [[Niccolò Fortiguerra]] of Italy receive three each.<ref name=Burkle/>
* [[August 9]] &ndash; Cardinal [[Francesco della Rovere]], who received no votes in the initial round of balloting in the papal conclave, receives 13 votes and is elected as the new Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church. He takes the regnal name of [[Pope Sixtus IV]] to become the 212th [[pope]].<ref name=Burkle>Burkle-Young, Francis A. 1998. "[https://cardinals.fiu.edu/election-sixtusiv.htm The election of Pope Sixtus IV (1471)]".</ref>
* [[August 22]] &ndash;  
**King [[Afonso V of Portugal]] conquers the Moroccan town of [[Arzila]].
**[[Vladislaus II of Hungary|Vladislav Jagellion]] is crowned as King of Bohemia at Prague.<ref name=Teke/>
* [[August 29]] &ndash; The [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] occupy [[Tangier]], after its population flees the city.
* [[August 29]] &ndash; The [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] occupy [[Tangier]], after its population flees the city.
* [[September 21]] &ndash; After making his way to Prague, convening a session of the Bohemian Diet and making making promises to members of the nobility, Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus receives vows of loyalty from more than 50 Bohemian nobles, who agree to support Matthias's claim to be King of Bohemia rather than to accept the rule of Prince Casimir of Poland.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Kubinyi |first=András |year=2004 |title=Adatok a Mátyás-kori királyi kancellária és az 1464. évi kancelláriai reform történetéhez |trans-title= On the history of the Royal Chancellery in the reign of Matthias Corvinus and of the 1464 reform of the chancellery |url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02137/00001/pdf/EPA02137_ISSN_1219-543X_tomus_9_fas_1_2004_hun_eng_025-058.pdf |journal=Publicationes Universitatis Miskolciensis. Sectio Philosophica |publisher=Universitatis Miskolciensis |volume=IX |issue=1 |pages=92-93 |issn=1219-543X|language=hu}}</ref> 
* [[September 22]] &ndash; After being tracked down by King Edward IV and taken prisoner at [[Southampton]], the rebel [[Thomas Neville (died 1471)|Thomas Neville]] is beheaded at [[ Middleham Castle]] in his native [[Yorkshire]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Santiuste|first=David|title=Edward IV and the Wars of the Roses|publisher=Pen and Sword Military|year=2011|isbn=978-1848845497}}</ref>
=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 2]] &ndash; Eleven days after Hungary's King Matthias is supported to be King of Bohemia, [[Saint Casimir|Prince Casimir of Poland]], a younger son of [[ Casimir IV Jagiellon|King Casimir IV]] (who is later [[canonization|canonized]] as a Roman Catholic saint) leads an army on an invasion of Bohemia and begins a war against Hungary.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bartl |first1=Július |last2=Čičaj |first2=Viliam |last3=Kohútova |first3=Mária |last4=Letz |first4=Róbert |last5=Segeš |first5=Vladimír |last6=Škvarna |first6=Dušan |year=2002|title=Slovak History: Chronology & Lexicon |publisher= Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Slovenské Pedegogické Nakladatel'stvo |page=52|isbn=0-86516-444-4}}</ref>
* [[October 10]] &ndash; [[Battle of Brunkeberg]] in [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]: The forces of [[Regent]] of [[Sweden]] [[Sten Sture the Elder]], with the help of [[farmer]]s and [[miner]]s, repel an attack by [[Christian I of Denmark|Christian I]], [[King of Denmark]].
* [[October 10]] &ndash; [[Battle of Brunkeberg]] in [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]: The forces of [[Regent]] of [[Sweden]] [[Sten Sture the Elder]], with the help of [[farmer]]s and [[miner]]s, repel an attack by [[Christian I of Denmark|Christian I]], [[King of Denmark]].
* [[December 21]] &ndash; The islands of [[São Tomé and Príncipe]] are discovered by Portuguese navigators João de Santarém and Pedro Escobar.<ref>{{cite book|first1=Albertino|last1=Francisco|first2=Nujoma|last2=Agostinho|title=Exorcising Devils from the Throne: São Tomé and Príncipe in the Chaos of Democratization|page=28|year=2011|publisher=Algora |isbn=9780875868486}}</ref>
*[[November 12]] &ndash; [[Shah Suwar]], the ruler of the independent Ottoman Governor of the semi-independent Anatolian Turk [[Beylik of Dulkadir]] is defeated by the army of the Egyptian Mamluk General [[Yashbak min Mahdi]] in a battle at  [[Kadirli|Kars]], sustaining more than 300 soldiers lost and losing most of his lands in what is now southeastern Turkey. After fleeing to the castle of Zamantu for refuge, Suwar is cornered again by Yashbak and surrenders on June 4, 1472, and executed two months later.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Yinanç |first=Refet |title=Dulkadir Beyliği |date=1989 |publisher=Turkish Historical Society Press|pages=71-73 |isbn=9751601711 |location=Ankara |language=tr}}</ref>
*[[November 25]] &ndash; [[Nicolò Tron]] is elected as the new [[List of doges of Venice|Doge of the Republic of Venice]], 15 days after the death of the Doge [[Cristoforo Moro]], who had governed the Republic since 1461..<ref>[http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/niccolo-tron/ Niccolò Tron, enciclopedia Treccani.]</ref>
*[[December 25]] &ndash; The [[Great Comet of 1472]] is first observed from Earth passing in front of the constellation of [[Virgo (constellation)|Virgo]]. The comet is recorded by astronomers in [[Korea]] and by the German astronomers [[Regiomontanus]] and [[Bernhard Walther]], and will come within 6.5 million miles of Earth, the closest in recorded history that a [[great comet]] approaches. The comet is visible for 59 days, disappearing after March 1.<ref>{{cite book|first=David A.|last=Seargeant|title=The Greatest Comets in History|location=New York|publisher=Springer|year=2009|isbn=978-0-38709-513-4}}</ref>
<!-- * [[December 21]] &ndash; The islands of [[São Tomé and Príncipe]] are discovered by Portuguese navigators João de Santarém and Pedro Escobar.<ref>{{cite book|first1=Albertino|last1=Francisco|first2=Nujoma|last2=Agostinho|title=Exorcising Devils from the Throne: São Tomé and Príncipe in the Chaos of Democratization|page=28|year=2011|publisher=Algora |isbn=9780875868486}}</ref> (Still not clear whether this happened in 1470 and 1471, or in 1471 and 1472, both dates are mentioned in Wikipedia articles. -->


=== Date unknown ===
=== Date unknown ===

Latest revision as of 23:39, 20 October 2025

File:MS Ghent - Battle of Tewkesbury.jpg
The Battle of Tewkesbury is fought, restoring Edward IV.

Template:About year Template:Year nav Script error: No such module "Sidebar". Script error: No such module "Year in various calendars".Year 1471 (MCDLXXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–March

April–June

July–September

October–December

Date unknown

Births

Deaths

References

Template:Reflist

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ "English History", by Albert Frederick Pollard, in Encyclopaedia Britannica (Cambridge University Press, 1910) p.519
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Template:Cite DNB
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ l Previous Princes Template:Webarchive. Prince of Wales official website. Retrieved on 15 July 2013
  15. ↑ a b Burkle-Young, Francis A. 1998. "The election of Pope Sixtus IV (1471)".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Niccolò Tron, enciclopedia Treccani.
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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