Denasalization: Difference between revisions
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In [[phonetics]], '''denasalization''' is the loss of nasal airflow in a nasal sound.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Williamson |first=Graham |url=https://www.sltinfo.com/phon101-denasalization/ |title=Denasalization |date=2016-08-15 |website=SLT info |language=en-US |access-date=2019-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929222929/https://www.sltinfo.com/phon101-denasalization/ |archive-date=2020-09-29}}</ref> That may be due to [[speech pathology]] but also occurs when the [[paranasal sinus|sinuses]] are blocked from a [[common cold]], when it is called a [[nasal voice]], which is not a linguistic term.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Campbell |first=Michael |url=https://blog.glossika.com/what-is-denasalization/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304013613/https://ai.glossika.com/blog/what-is-denasalization |archive-date=2021-03-04 |title=What is Denasalization? |date=2016-07-26 |website=The Glossika Blog |language=en |access-date=2019-02-18}}</ref> Acoustically, it is the "absence of the expected nasal resonance."<ref name=Duckworth>{{cite journal |first1=Martin |last1=Duckworth |first2=George |last2=Allen |first3=William |last3=Hardcastle |first4=Martin |last4=Ball |year=1990 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232077905 |title=Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet for the transcription of atypical speech |journal=Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics |volume=4 |issue=4 |page=276 |doi=10.3109/02699209008985489}}</ref> The symbol in the [[Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet|Extended IPA]] is {{angbr IPA|◌͊}}.<ref>https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/sites/default/files/extIPA_2016.pdf</ref> | In [[phonetics]], '''denasalization''' is the loss of nasal airflow in a nasal sound.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Williamson |first=Graham |url=https://www.sltinfo.com/phon101-denasalization/ |title=Denasalization |date=2016-08-15 |website=SLT info |language=en-US |access-date=2019-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929222929/https://www.sltinfo.com/phon101-denasalization/ |archive-date=2020-09-29}}</ref> That may be due to [[speech pathology]] but also occurs when the [[paranasal sinus|sinuses]] are blocked from a [[common cold]], when it is called a [[nasal voice]], which is not a linguistic term.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Campbell |first=Michael |url=https://blog.glossika.com/what-is-denasalization/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304013613/https://ai.glossika.com/blog/what-is-denasalization |archive-date=2021-03-04 |title=What is Denasalization? |date=2016-07-26 |website=The Glossika Blog |language=en |access-date=2019-02-18}}</ref> Acoustically, it is the "absence of the expected nasal resonance."<ref name=Duckworth>{{cite journal |first1=Martin |last1=Duckworth |first2=George |last2=Allen |first3=William |last3=Hardcastle |first4=Martin |last4=Ball |year=1990 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232077905 |title=Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet for the transcription of atypical speech |journal=Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics |volume=4 |issue=4 |page=276 |doi=10.3109/02699209008985489}}</ref> The symbol in the [[Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet|Extended IPA]] is {{angbr IPA|◌͊}}.<ref>https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/sites/default/files/extIPA_2016.pdf</ref> | ||
When one speaks with a cold, the [[nasal cavity|nasal passages]] still function as a resonant cavity so a denasalized nasal {{IPA|[m͊]}} does not sound like a voiced oral stop {{IPA|[b]}}, and a denasalized vowel {{IPA|[a͊]}} does not sound like an oral vowel {{IPA|[a]}}. | When one speaks with a cold, the [[nasal cavity|nasal passages]] still function as a resonant cavity so a denasalized nasal {{IPA|[m͊]}} does not sound like a [[Voiced bilabial plosive|voiced oral stop]] {{IPA|[b]}}, and a denasalized vowel {{IPA|[a͊]}} does not sound like an oral vowel {{IPA|[a]}}. | ||
However, there are cases of historical or allophonic denasalization that have produced oral stops. In some languages with nasal vowels, such as [[Paicĩ language|Paicĩ]], nasal consonants may occur only before nasal vowels; before oral vowels, [[prenasalized stop]]s are found. That allophonic variation is likely to be from a historical process of partial denasalization. | However, there are cases of historical or allophonic denasalization that have produced oral stops. In some languages with nasal vowels, such as [[Paicĩ language|Paicĩ]], nasal consonants may occur only before nasal vowels; before oral vowels, [[prenasalized stop]]s are found. That allophonic variation is likely to be from a historical process of partial denasalization. | ||
Latest revision as of 08:45, 25 June 2025
Template:Short description Template:Infobox IPA/core1Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:IPA notice In phonetics, denasalization is the loss of nasal airflow in a nasal sound.[1] That may be due to speech pathology but also occurs when the sinuses are blocked from a common cold, when it is called a nasal voice, which is not a linguistic term.[2] Acoustically, it is the "absence of the expected nasal resonance."[3] The symbol in the Extended IPA is Template:Angbr IPA.[4]
When one speaks with a cold, the nasal passages still function as a resonant cavity so a denasalized nasal Script error: No such module "IPA". does not sound like a voiced oral stop Script error: No such module "IPA"., and a denasalized vowel Script error: No such module "IPA". does not sound like an oral vowel Script error: No such module "IPA"..
However, there are cases of historical or allophonic denasalization that have produced oral stops. In some languages with nasal vowels, such as Paicĩ, nasal consonants may occur only before nasal vowels; before oral vowels, prenasalized stops are found. That allophonic variation is likely to be from a historical process of partial denasalization.
Similarly, several languages around Puget Sound underwent a process of denasalization about 100 years ago. Except in special speech registers, such as baby talk, the nasals Script error: No such module "IPA". became the voiced stops Script error: No such module "IPA".. It appears from historical records that there was an intermediate stage in which the stops were prenasalized stops Script error: No such module "IPA". or post-stopped nasals Script error: No such module "IPA"..
Something similar has occurred with word-initial nasals in Korean; in some contexts, Script error: No such module "IPA". are denasalized to Script error: No such module "IPA".. The process is sometimes represented with the IPA Script error: No such module "IPA". and Script error: No such module "IPA"., which simply places the IPA Script error: No such module "IPA". denasalization diacritic on Script error: No such module "IPA". and Script error: No such module "IPA". to show the underlying phoneme.[5]
In speech pathology, practice varies in whether Template:Angbr IPA is a partially denasalized Script error: No such module "IPA"., with Template:Angbr IPA for full denasalization, or is a target Script error: No such module "IPA". whether it is partially denasalized Script error: No such module "IPA". or a fully denasalized Script error: No such module "IPA"..[6]
See also
References
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Citation/CS1".
- ↑ https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/sites/default/files/extIPA_2016.pdf
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".