Clethra: Difference between revisions
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==Species== | ==Species== | ||
The number of species accepted varies between different authorities depending on taxonomic interpretation, but with a recent trend to reduce the number recognised as distinct. The recent ''[[Flora of China (series)]]''<ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=107333 Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 238 桤叶树属 qi ye shu shu ''Clethra'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 396. 1753. ]</ref> has cut the number accepted for China from 35 to seven species, and the [[US Department of Agriculture]]<ref>{{Cite PLANTS |symbol=CLETH |taxon=Clethra |access-date=11 November 2024 }}</ref> recognises only two in the United States, [[synonym (taxonomy)|synonymising]] ''C. tomentosa'' with ''C. alnifolia''. The following are accepted by the [[World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]]:<ref name=h>{{citation |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=43184 |title=Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |access-date=9 October 2016}}</ref> | The number of species accepted varies between different authorities depending on taxonomic interpretation, but with a recent trend to reduce the number recognised as distinct. The recent ''[[Flora of China (series)]]''<ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=107333 Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 238 桤叶树属 qi ye shu shu ''Clethra'' Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 396. 1753. ]</ref> has cut the number accepted for China from 35 to seven species, and the [[US Department of Agriculture]]<ref>{{Cite PLANTS |symbol=CLETH |taxon=Clethra |access-date=11 November 2024 }}</ref> recognises only two in the United States, [[synonym (taxonomy)|synonymising]] ''C. tomentosa'' with ''C. alnifolia''. The following are accepted by the [[World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]]:<ref name=h>{{citation |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=43184 |title=Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |access-date=9 October 2016}}</ref> | ||
* ''[[Clethra acuminata]]'' – mountain pepper bush; S [[Appalachians]] ([[Alabama]] to [[Pennsylvania]]) | * ''[[Clethra acuminata]]'' – mountain pepper bush; S [[Appalachians]] ([[Alabama]] to [[Pennsylvania]]) | ||
* ''[[Clethra alcoceri]]'' | * ''[[Clethra alcoceri]]'' – [[Hidalgo (state)|Hidalgo]], [[Jalisco]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra alexandri]]'' | * ''[[Clethra alexandri]]'' – [[Jamaica]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra alnifolia]]'' – sweet pepper bush; S + E United States ([[Texas]] to [[Maine]]) | * ''[[Clethra alnifolia]]'' – sweet pepper bush; S + E United States ([[Texas]] to [[Maine]]) | ||
* ''[[Clethra arborea]]'' – lily of the valley tree; [[Madeira]], [[Canary Islands]]†, [[Azores]] | * ''[[Clethra arborea]]'' – lily of the valley tree; [[Madeira]], [[Canary Islands]]†, [[Azores]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra arfakana]]'' | * ''[[Clethra arfakana]]'' – [[New Guinea]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra barbinervis]]'' – Japanese sweet shrub; SE China, Korea, Japan | * ''[[Clethra barbinervis]]'' – Japanese sweet shrub; SE China, Korea, Japan | ||
* ''[[Clethra bodinieri]]'' – S China | * ''[[Clethra bodinieri]]'' – S China | ||
* ''[[Clethra canescens]]'' | * ''[[Clethra canescens]]'' – Philippines, E + C Indonesia, New Guinea | ||
** [[Clethra canescens var. clementis|var. ''clementis'']] – Borneo | ** [[Clethra canescens var. clementis|var. ''clementis'']] – Borneo | ||
* ''[[Clethra castaneifolia]]'' | * ''[[Clethra castaneifolia]]'' – Peru | ||
* ''[[Clethra chiapensis]]'' | * ''[[Clethra chiapensis]]'' – [[Chiapas]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra consimilis]]'' | * ''[[Clethra consimilis]]'' – [[Panama]], [[Costa Rica]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra conzattiana]]'' | * ''[[Clethra conzattiana]]'' – [[Oaxaca]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra crispa]]'' – [[Ecuador]] | * ''[[Clethra crispa]]'' – [[Ecuador]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra cubensis]]'' | * ''[[Clethra cubensis]]'' – [[Cuba]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra cuneata]]'' | * ''[[Clethra cuneata]]'' – Peru, [[Bolivia]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra delavayi]]'' – SW China, [[Assam]], [[Myanmar]], [[Bhutan]], [[Vietnam]] | * ''[[Clethra delavayi]]'' – SW China, [[Assam]], [[Myanmar]], [[Bhutan]], [[Vietnam]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra elongata]]'' | * ''[[Clethra elongata]]'' – [[Peru]], Bolivia | ||
* ''[[Clethra fabri]]'' – S China, Vietnam | * ''[[Clethra fabri]]'' – S China, Vietnam | ||
* ''[[Clethra fagifolia]]'' | * ''[[Clethra fagifolia]]'' – Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela | ||
* ''[[Clethra fargesii]]'' – C China | * ''[[Clethra fargesii]]'' – C China | ||
* ''[[Clethra ferruginea]]'' | * ''[[Clethra ferruginea]]'' – Peru | ||
* ''[[Clethra fimbriata]]'' – Peru, Ecuador, Colombia | * ''[[Clethra fimbriata]]'' – Peru, Ecuador, Colombia | ||
* ''[[Clethra formosa]]'' | * ''[[Clethra formosa]]'' – Costa Rica | ||
* ''[[Clethra fragrans]]'' | * ''[[Clethra fragrans]]'' – Jalisco, [[Michoacán]], [[Guerrero]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra galeottiana]]'' | * ''[[Clethra galeottiana]]'' – [[Puebla]], [[Oaxaca]], [[Chiapas]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra gelida]]'' | * ''[[Clethra gelida]]'' – Costa Rica, Panama, Honduras | ||
* ''[[Clethra guyanensis]]'' | * ''[[Clethra guyanensis]]'' – [[Guyana]], [[Venezuela]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra hartwegii]]'' | * ''[[Clethra hartwegii]]'' – C + S Mexico | ||
* ''[[Clethra hendersonii]]'' | * ''[[Clethra hendersonii]]'' – Peninsular Malaysia | ||
* ''[[Clethra hirsutovillosa]]'' | * ''[[Clethra hirsutovillosa]]'' – [[Guerrero]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra hondurensis]]'' | * ''[[Clethra hondurensis]]'' – [[Tabasco]] to [[Costa Rica]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra javanica]]'' | * ''[[Clethra javanica]]'' – [[Java]], [[Bali]], [[Lombok]], [[Timor]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra kaipoensis]]'' – SE China | * ''[[Clethra kaipoensis]]'' – SE China | ||
* ''[[Clethra kebarensis]]'' | * ''[[Clethra kebarensis]]'' – New Guinea | ||
* ''[[Clethra licanioides]]'' – Guatemala, Honduras | * ''[[Clethra licanioides]]'' – Guatemala, Honduras | ||
* ''[[Clethra longispicata]]'' {{Au|J.J.Sm.}} – [[Borneo]], [[Philippines]], [[Sulawesi]], [[Maluku (province)|Maluku]] | * ''[[Clethra longispicata]]'' {{Au|J.J.Sm.}} – [[Borneo]], [[Philippines]], [[Sulawesi]], [[Maluku (province)|Maluku]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra luzmariae]]'' | * ''[[Clethra luzmariae]]'' – [[Oaxaca]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra macrophylla]]'' | * ''[[Clethra macrophylla]]'' – [[Veracruz]], [[Puebla]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra mexicana]]'' – C + S Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad | * ''[[Clethra mexicana]]'' – C + S Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad | ||
* ''[[Clethra oaxacana]]'' | * ''[[Clethra oaxacana]]'' – [[Oaxaca]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra obovata]]'' – Ecuador, Peru | * ''[[Clethra obovata]]'' – Ecuador, Peru | ||
* ''[[Clethra occidentalis]]'' | * ''[[Clethra occidentalis]]'' – Jamaica | ||
* ''[[Clethra oleoides]]'' | * ''[[Clethra oleoides]]'' – C + S Mexico, Central America | ||
* ''[[Clethra ovalifolia]]'' – Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru | * ''[[Clethra ovalifolia]]'' – Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru | ||
* ''[[Clethra pachecoana]]'' | * ''[[Clethra pachecoana]]'' – [[Chiapas]] to Honduras | ||
* ''[[Clethra pachyphylla]]'' – Borneo | * ''[[Clethra pachyphylla]]'' – Borneo | ||
* ''[[Clethra papuana]]'' | * ''[[Clethra papuana]]'' – New Guinea | ||
* ''[[Clethra paralelinervia]]'' – Ecuador | * ''[[Clethra paralelinervia]]'' – Ecuador | ||
* ''[[Clethra × parvifolia]]'' | * ''[[Clethra × parvifolia]]'' – Chiapas | ||
* ''[[Clethra pedicellaris]]'' | * ''[[Clethra pedicellaris]]'' – Colombia, Ecuador, Peru | ||
* ''[[Clethra peruviana]]'' | * ''[[Clethra peruviana]]'' – Ecuador, Peru | ||
* ''[[Clethra petelotii]]'' – Vietnam, Yunnan | * ''[[Clethra petelotii]]'' – Vietnam, Yunnan | ||
* ''[[Clethra poilanei]]'' | * ''[[Clethra poilanei]]'' – [[Laos]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra pringlei]]'' | * ''[[Clethra pringlei]]'' – Mexican summersweet – Mexico | ||
* ''[[Clethra pulgarensis]]'' | * ''[[Clethra pulgarensis]]'' – [[Palawan]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra purpusii]]'' | * ''[[Clethra purpusii]]'' – Oaxaca, Chiapas | ||
* ''[[Clethra pyrogena]]'' | * ''[[Clethra pyrogena]]'' – Panama, Costa Rica | ||
* ''[[Clethra repanda]]'' – Colombia, Venezuela | * ''[[Clethra repanda]]'' – Colombia, Venezuela | ||
* ''[[Clethra retivenia]]'' | * ''[[Clethra retivenia]]'' – Peru | ||
* ''[[Clethra revoluta]]'' – Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru | * ''[[Clethra revoluta]]'' – Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru | ||
* ''[[Clethra rosei]]'' | * ''[[Clethra rosei]]'' – Mexico | ||
* ''[[Clethra rugosa]]'' – Colombia, Ecuador | * ''[[Clethra rugosa]]'' – Colombia, Ecuador | ||
* ''[[Clethra scabra]]'' – Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, NW Argentina | * ''[[Clethra scabra]]'' – Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, NW Argentina | ||
* ''[[Clethra skutchii]]'' | * ''[[Clethra skutchii]]'' – Guatemala | ||
* ''[[Clethra sleumeriana]]'' | * ''[[Clethra sleumeriana]]'' – Hunan | ||
* ''[[Clethra suaveolens]]'' | * ''[[Clethra suaveolens]]'' – S Mexico, Central America | ||
* ''[[Clethra sumatrana]]'' | * ''[[Clethra sumatrana]]'' – [[Sumatra]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra sumbawaensis]]'' | * ''[[Clethra sumbawaensis]]'' – [[Lesser Sunda Islands]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra symingtonii]]'' | * ''[[Clethra symingtonii]]'' – [[Perak]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra talamancana]]'' | * ''[[Clethra talamancana]]'' – Costa Rica | ||
* ''[[Clethra tomentella]]'' | * ''[[Clethra tomentella]]'' – Philippines | ||
* ''[[Clethra tutensis]]'' | * ''[[Clethra tutensis]]'' – Panama | ||
* ''[[Clethra tuxtlensis]]'' | * ''[[Clethra tuxtlensis]]'' – [[Veracruz]] | ||
* ''[[Clethra uleana]]'' | * ''[[Clethra uleana]]'' – S Brazil | ||
* ''[[Clethra vicentina]]'' | * ''[[Clethra vicentina]]'' – S Mexico, Central America | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 18:16, 30 June 2025
Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Clethra is a genus of flowering shrubs or small trees described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753.[1][2]
Clethra is one of two genera in the family Clethraceae (the other being Purdiaea). The species may be evergreen or deciduous, and all bear flowers in clusters (inflorescences), which correspond to racemes or panicles. The flowers are quite small, white or pinkish, and each bear five free petals, numerous stamens, and a three-chambered seed capsule. The leaves, simple, ovate, and alternate or opposite, bear characteristic stellate hairs. The seeds are very small and numerous.[3]
Distribution
Clethra species are native to a variety of habitats, including swamps, woodland, and rocky sites[4] from temperate to tropical climates in eastern and southeastern Asia, Malesia, North and South America, and one species (C. arborea) on the island of Madeira.[5]
Fossil record
Several fossil fruits and seeds of †Clethra cimbrica have been described from middle Miocene strata of the Fasterholt area near Silkeborg in Central Jutland, Denmark.[6]
Species
The number of species accepted varies between different authorities depending on taxonomic interpretation, but with a recent trend to reduce the number recognised as distinct. The recent Flora of China (series)[7] has cut the number accepted for China from 35 to seven species, and the US Department of Agriculture[8] recognises only two in the United States, synonymising C. tomentosa with C. alnifolia. The following are accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families:[5]
- Clethra acuminata – mountain pepper bush; S Appalachians (Alabama to Pennsylvania)
- Clethra alcoceri – Hidalgo, Jalisco
- Clethra alexandri – Jamaica
- Clethra alnifolia – sweet pepper bush; S + E United States (Texas to Maine)
- Clethra arborea – lily of the valley tree; Madeira, Canary Islands†, Azores
- Clethra arfakana – New Guinea
- Clethra barbinervis – Japanese sweet shrub; SE China, Korea, Japan
- Clethra bodinieri – S China
- Clethra canescens – Philippines, E + C Indonesia, New Guinea
- var. clementis – Borneo
- Clethra castaneifolia – Peru
- Clethra chiapensis – Chiapas
- Clethra consimilis – Panama, Costa Rica
- Clethra conzattiana – Oaxaca
- Clethra crispa – Ecuador
- Clethra cubensis – Cuba
- Clethra cuneata – Peru, Bolivia
- Clethra delavayi – SW China, Assam, Myanmar, Bhutan, Vietnam
- Clethra elongata – Peru, Bolivia
- Clethra fabri – S China, Vietnam
- Clethra fagifolia – Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela
- Clethra fargesii – C China
- Clethra ferruginea – Peru
- Clethra fimbriata – Peru, Ecuador, Colombia
- Clethra formosa – Costa Rica
- Clethra fragrans – Jalisco, Michoacán, Guerrero
- Clethra galeottiana – Puebla, Oaxaca, Chiapas
- Clethra gelida – Costa Rica, Panama, Honduras
- Clethra guyanensis – Guyana, Venezuela
- Clethra hartwegii – C + S Mexico
- Clethra hendersonii – Peninsular Malaysia
- Clethra hirsutovillosa – Guerrero
- Clethra hondurensis – Tabasco to Costa Rica
- Clethra javanica – Java, Bali, Lombok, Timor
- Clethra kaipoensis – SE China
- Clethra kebarensis – New Guinea
- Clethra licanioides – Guatemala, Honduras
- Clethra longispicata Template:Au – Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, Maluku
- Clethra luzmariae – Oaxaca
- Clethra macrophylla – Veracruz, Puebla
- Clethra mexicana – C + S Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad
- Clethra oaxacana – Oaxaca
- Clethra obovata – Ecuador, Peru
- Clethra occidentalis – Jamaica
- Clethra oleoides – C + S Mexico, Central America
- Clethra ovalifolia – Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru
- Clethra pachecoana – Chiapas to Honduras
- Clethra pachyphylla – Borneo
- Clethra papuana – New Guinea
- Clethra paralelinervia – Ecuador
- Clethra × parvifolia – Chiapas
- Clethra pedicellaris – Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
- Clethra peruviana – Ecuador, Peru
- Clethra petelotii – Vietnam, Yunnan
- Clethra poilanei – Laos
- Clethra pringlei – Mexican summersweet – Mexico
- Clethra pulgarensis – Palawan
- Clethra purpusii – Oaxaca, Chiapas
- Clethra pyrogena – Panama, Costa Rica
- Clethra repanda – Colombia, Venezuela
- Clethra retivenia – Peru
- Clethra revoluta – Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru
- Clethra rosei – Mexico
- Clethra rugosa – Colombia, Ecuador
- Clethra scabra – Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, NW Argentina
- Clethra skutchii – Guatemala
- Clethra sleumeriana – Hunan
- Clethra suaveolens – S Mexico, Central America
- Clethra sumatrana – Sumatra
- Clethra sumbawaensis – Lesser Sunda Islands
- Clethra symingtonii – Perak
- Clethra talamancana – Costa Rica
- Clethra tomentella – Philippines
- Clethra tutensis – Panama
- Clethra tuxtlensis – Veracruz
- Clethra uleana – S Brazil
- Clethra vicentina – S Mexico, Central America
References
External links
Template:Taxonbar Template:Authority control
- ↑ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 396 in Latin
- ↑ Tropicos, Clethra L.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Angiosperm Fruits and Seeds from the Middle Miocene of Jutland (Denmark) by Else Marie Friis, The Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters 24:3, 1985
- ↑ Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 238 桤叶树属 qi ye shu shu Clethra Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 396. 1753.
- ↑ Template:Cite PLANTS