Carlo Scarpa: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Italian architect}} | {{short description|Italian architect}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}} | ||
[[File:Carlo Scarpa 1954.jpg|thumb|Scarpa studying the drawings of [[Frank Lloyd Wright]] in Venice, 1954]] | [[File:Carlo Scarpa 1954.jpg|thumb|Scarpa studying the drawings of [[Frank Lloyd Wright]] in Venice, 1954]] | ||
'''Carlo Scarpa''' (2 June 1906 – 28 November 1978) was an Italian [[architect]] and designer. He was influenced by the materials, landscape, and history of Venetian culture, as well as those of Japan.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120113050611/http://visit.lincoln.ac.uk/C18/C9/CDL/default.aspx Carlo Scarpa and Japan. The influence of Japanese art and architecture in the work of Carlo Scarpa]. lincoln.ac.uk</ref> Scarpa translated his interests in history, regionalism, invention, and | '''Carlo Scarpa''' (2 June 1906 – 28 November 1978) was an Italian [[architect]] and designer. He was influenced by the materials, landscape, and history of Venetian culture, as well as those of Japan.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120113050611/http://visit.lincoln.ac.uk/C18/C9/CDL/default.aspx Carlo Scarpa and Japan. The influence of Japanese art and architecture in the work of Carlo Scarpa]. lincoln.ac.uk</ref> Scarpa translated his interests in history, regionalism, invention, and techniques of artistry and craftsmanship into glass and furniture design.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Albertini|first1=Bianca|last2=Bagnoli|first2=Alessandro|title=Carlo Scarpa: Architecture in Details.|date=1988|publisher=Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press|isbn=0262011077}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Barovier|first1=Marina|title=Carlo Scarpa: I Vetri Di Murano 1927-1947.|date=1991|publisher=Venezia : Il cardo|oclc=26484061}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Smith|first1=Roberta|title=Clear, Opaque and Oh, So Delizioso 'Venetian Glass by Carlo Scarpa' at the Met|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/06/arts/design/venetian-glass-by-carlo-scarpa-at-the-met.html?_r=0|newspaper=The New York Times|date=5 December 2013}}</ref> | ||
== Biography == | == Biography == | ||
Scarpa was born in [[Venice]] on 2 June 1906. Much of his early childhood was spent in [[Vicenza]], where his family relocated when he was two years old. After his mother's death when he was 13, he moved with his father and brother back to Venice. Carlo attended the [[Accademia di Belle Arti di Venezia|Academy of Fine Arts]] where he focused on architectural studies.<ref>{{cite book|title=Design of the 20th Century|first1=Charlotte|last1=Fiell|first2=Peter|last2=Fiell|publisher=Taschen|location=Köln|edition=25th anniversary|year=2005|page=633|isbn=9783822840788|oclc=809539744}}</ref> After | Scarpa was born in [[Venice]] on 2 June 1906. Much of his early childhood was spent in [[Vicenza]], where his family relocated when he was two years old. After his mother's death when he was 13, he moved with his father and brother back to Venice. Carlo attended the [[Accademia di Belle Arti di Venezia|Academy of Fine Arts]], where he focused on architectural studies.<ref>{{cite book|title=Design of the 20th Century|first1=Charlotte|last1=Fiell|first2=Peter|last2=Fiell|publisher=Taschen|location=Köln|edition=25th anniversary|year=2005|page=633|isbn=9783822840788|oclc=809539744}}</ref> After graduating from the academy with the title of Professor of Architecture, he apprenticed with the architect Francesco Rinaldo. Scarpa married Rinaldo's niece, Nini Lazzari (Onorina Lazzari). | ||
However, | However, due to his refusal to sit the ''pro forma'' architecture licensing exam administered by the Italian government, he was not permitted to use the professional title "{{Langx|it|Architetto|label=none}}" or practice architecture without associating with a licenced architect. Clients, associates, and artisans sometimes referred to him as "{{Langx|it|Professore|label=none}}".{{Cn|date=June 2025}} | ||
[[File:Scala sfalsata - carlo scarpa in castelvecchio.jpg|thumb|left|[[Castelvecchio Museum]] stairs by Scarpa]] | [[File:Scala sfalsata - carlo scarpa in castelvecchio.jpg|thumb|left|[[Castelvecchio Museum]] stairs by Scarpa]] | ||
Scarpa | Scarpa taught drawing and interior decoration at the [[Università Iuav di Venezia|Istituto universitario di architettura di Venezia]] from the late 1940s until his death. Scarpa was [[Mario Botta]]'s thesis adviser along with {{ill|Giuseppe Mazzariol|it|Giuseppe Mazzariol}}; the latter was the director of the [[Fondazione Querini Stampalia]] when Scarpa completed his renovation and garden for that institution. | ||
While most of his built work is located in the [[Veneto]] region, he designed landscapes, gardens, and buildings for other regions of Italy as well as Canada, the United States, Saudi Arabia, France, and Switzerland. His name has 11 letters and this is used repeatedly in his architecture.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Frascari, Marco |title=Architectural Traces of an Admirable Cipher: Eleven in the Opus of Carlo Scarpa|journal=Nexus Network Journal|date=June 1999|volume =1|issue =1–2|pages=7–22|doi=10.1007/s00004-998-0002-4 |doi-access=free}}</ref>{{clarification needed|date=June 2025}} | |||
In 1978, while in [[Sendai, Miyagi|Sendai, Japan]], Scarpa fell down a flight of concrete stairs. He died of his injuries on 28 November 1978 after ten days in hospital. He | In 1978, while in [[Sendai, Miyagi|Sendai, Japan]], Scarpa fell down a flight of concrete stairs. He died of his injuries on 28 November 1978 after ten days in hospital. He was buried standing up and wrapped in linen sheets in the style of a medieval knight, in an isolated exterior corner of the L-shaped [[Brion tomb]] designed by him in [[Altivole]]. | ||
In 1984, the Italian composer [[Luigi Nono (composer)|Luigi Nono]] dedicated | One of his last projects, the Villa Palazzetto in [[Monselice]], was left incomplete at the time of his death, and was altered in October 2006 by his son, [[Afra and Tobia Scarpa|Tobia Scarpa]]. Considered one of his most ambitious landscape and garden projects, it was executed for Aldo Businaro, the representative for Cassina who was responsible for Scarpa's first trip to Japan. Businaro died in August 2006, a few months before the completion of the new stairs at the Villa Palazzetto, which were built to commemorate Scarpa's centenary. | ||
In 1984, the Italian composer [[Luigi Nono (composer)|Luigi Nono]] dedicated a composition for orchestra to Scarpa in micro-intervals, ''A Carlo Scarpa, Architetto, Ai suoi infiniti possibili''.<ref>{{cite web |title=A Carlo Scarpa, architetto, ai suoi infiniti possibili |url=http://www.luiginono.it/en/works/a-carlo-scarpa-architetto-ai-suoi-infiniti-possibili/ |website=Archivio Luigi Nono (Luigi Nono Archive) |accessdate=3 April 2020}}</ref> | |||
== Design career == | == Design career == | ||
[[File:Paolo Monti - Servizio fotografico (Verona, 1982) - BEIC 6337280.jpg|thumb|[[Museo di Castelvecchio]] in [[Verona]]. Photo by [[Paolo Monti]], 1982 (Fondo Paolo Monti, [[Biblioteca europea di informazione e cultura|BEIC]]).]] | [[File:Paolo Monti - Servizio fotografico (Verona, 1982) - BEIC 6337280.jpg|thumb|[[Museo di Castelvecchio]] in [[Verona]]. Photo by [[Paolo Monti]], 1982 (Fondo Paolo Monti, [[Biblioteca europea di informazione e cultura|BEIC]]).]] | ||
Scarpa was a designer as well as an architect. At the beginning of his career, he collaborated with [[Glass production|glassmakers]] in [[Murano]]. He designed jars and chandeliers for [[:it:MVM Cappellin|MVM Cappellin & Co.]] and [[Venini & C.|Venini]]. His designs for Venini have sold for high prices at auction, including a 1940 vase that sold at [[Christie's]] in 2012 for around $309,000, and another vase, found in a [[thrift store]], which sold | Scarpa was a designer as well as an architect. At the beginning of his career, he collaborated with [[Glass production|glassmakers]] in [[Murano]]. He designed jars and chandeliers for [[:it:MVM Cappellin|MVM Cappellin & Co.]] and [[Venini & C.|Venini]]. His designs for Venini have sold for high prices at auction, including a 1940 vase that sold at [[Christie's]] in 2012 for around $309,000, and another vase, found in a [[thrift store]], which sold for $107,100 in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Boucher |first=Brian |date=2023-12-13 |title=A Carlo Scarpa Vase Found in a Thrift Store Makes $107,000 at Auction |url=https://news.artnet.com/market/carlo-scarpa-vase-goodwill-auction-2407129 |access-date=2023-12-16 |website=Artnet News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-14 |title=$4 thrift-store vase sells for $107,100 at auction |url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2023/12/14/thrift-store-vase-sells-at-auction |access-date=2023-12-16 |website=The Art Newspaper – International art news and events}}</ref> | ||
Scarpa also joined the [[industrial design]] world in the 1960s after meeting {{ill|Dino Gavina|it|Dino Gavina}}. Scarpa became the president of the eponymous company, Gavina.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carlo Scarpa, Sandro Bagnoli |url=https://en.silvanaeditoriale.it/libro/9788836628162 |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=en.silvanaeditoriale.it |language=en}}</ref> The Doge table (1968) and the Cornaro sofa (1973) are his most famous.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-18|title=Carlo Scarpa, When Design Comes from Creativity|url=https://www.italiandesignclub.com/2022/01/18/carlo-scarpa-when-design-comes-from-creativity/|access-date=2022-02-14|website=Italian Design Club|language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
==Notable works== | ==Notable works== | ||
Latest revision as of 07:16, 25 June 2025
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates
Carlo Scarpa (2 June 1906 – 28 November 1978) was an Italian architect and designer. He was influenced by the materials, landscape, and history of Venetian culture, as well as those of Japan.[1] Scarpa translated his interests in history, regionalism, invention, and techniques of artistry and craftsmanship into glass and furniture design.[2][3][4]
Biography
Scarpa was born in Venice on 2 June 1906. Much of his early childhood was spent in Vicenza, where his family relocated when he was two years old. After his mother's death when he was 13, he moved with his father and brother back to Venice. Carlo attended the Academy of Fine Arts, where he focused on architectural studies.[5] After graduating from the academy with the title of Professor of Architecture, he apprenticed with the architect Francesco Rinaldo. Scarpa married Rinaldo's niece, Nini Lazzari (Onorina Lazzari).
However, due to his refusal to sit the pro forma architecture licensing exam administered by the Italian government, he was not permitted to use the professional title "Template:Langx" or practice architecture without associating with a licenced architect. Clients, associates, and artisans sometimes referred to him as "Template:Langx".Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Scarpa taught drawing and interior decoration at the Istituto universitario di architettura di Venezia from the late 1940s until his death. Scarpa was Mario Botta's thesis adviser along with Template:Ill; the latter was the director of the Fondazione Querini Stampalia when Scarpa completed his renovation and garden for that institution.
While most of his built work is located in the Veneto region, he designed landscapes, gardens, and buildings for other regions of Italy as well as Canada, the United States, Saudi Arabia, France, and Switzerland. His name has 11 letters and this is used repeatedly in his architecture.[6]Template:Clarification needed
In 1978, while in Sendai, Japan, Scarpa fell down a flight of concrete stairs. He died of his injuries on 28 November 1978 after ten days in hospital. He was buried standing up and wrapped in linen sheets in the style of a medieval knight, in an isolated exterior corner of the L-shaped Brion tomb designed by him in Altivole.
One of his last projects, the Villa Palazzetto in Monselice, was left incomplete at the time of his death, and was altered in October 2006 by his son, Tobia Scarpa. Considered one of his most ambitious landscape and garden projects, it was executed for Aldo Businaro, the representative for Cassina who was responsible for Scarpa's first trip to Japan. Businaro died in August 2006, a few months before the completion of the new stairs at the Villa Palazzetto, which were built to commemorate Scarpa's centenary.
In 1984, the Italian composer Luigi Nono dedicated a composition for orchestra to Scarpa in micro-intervals, A Carlo Scarpa, Architetto, Ai suoi infiniti possibili.[7]
Design career
_-_BEIC_6337280.jpg){kind=link}
Scarpa was a designer as well as an architect. At the beginning of his career, he collaborated with glassmakers in Murano. He designed jars and chandeliers for MVM Cappellin & Co. and Venini. His designs for Venini have sold for high prices at auction, including a 1940 vase that sold at Christie's in 2012 for around $309,000, and another vase, found in a thrift store, which sold for $107,100 in 2023.[8][9]
Scarpa also joined the industrial design world in the 1960s after meeting Template:Ill. Scarpa became the president of the eponymous company, Gavina.[10] The Doge table (1968) and the Cornaro sofa (1973) are his most famous.[11]
Notable works
- Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice, Italy[12]
- Padiglione del libro d'arte, Giardini di Castello, La Biennale, Venice, 1950–1952 [13]
- Palazzo Abatellis: La Galleria Di Sicilia, Palermo, 1953–1954 [14]
- Palazzo Ca'Foscari, Venice, Italy, 1935–1956
- Venezuelan Pavilion, La Biennale, Venice, Italy, 1954–1956[15]
- Veritti House, Udine, Italy, 1955–1961 [16]
- Museo Canova di Possagno, Italy, 1955–1957 [17]
- Museo di Castelvecchio, Verona, Italy, 1956–1964 [18]
- Negozio Olivetti, piazza S. Marco, Venezia, Italy, 1957–1958 [19]
- Fondazione Querini Stampalia, Venice, 1961–1963 [20][21]
- Brion Tomb and Sanctuary, at San Vito d'Altivole, Italy, 1969–1978 [22]
- Banca Popolare di Verona, Italy, 1973–1978 [23]
- Restauración del Museo de Castelvecchio en Verona / Carlo Scarpa[24]
References
Bibliography
- Beltramini, Guido; Zannier, Italo (2007). Carlo Scarpa: Architecture and Design. New York: Rizzoli.
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- Dal Co, Francesco; Mazzariol, Giuseppe (1985). Carlo Scarpa: The Complete Works. Milan: Electa; New York: Rizzoli.
- Dal Co, Francesco (2009). To Construct, to Compose: Carlo Scarpa and the Villa Ottolenghi. Amsterdam: SUN.
- Guidi, Guido (2011). Carlo Scarpa's Tomba Brion. Ostfildern: Hatje Cantz.
- Giunta, Santo (2020). Carlo Scarpa. A [curious] shaft of light, a golden standard, the hands and a face of a woman. Reflections on the design process and layout of Palazzo Abatellis 1953–1954. Foreword by Richard Murphy; Afterword by Giampiero Bosoni, Marsilio, Venice, Template:ISBN.
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- McCarter, Robert (2013). Carlo Scarpa. London: Phaidon Press. (2nd edition, 2017)
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- Schultz, Anne-Catrin (2007). Carlo Scarpa: Layers. Stuttgart: Edition Axel Menges.
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- Sonego, Carla (1995). Carlo Scarpa. Gli anni della formazione. Venice: IUAV, (unpublished thesis, Professor Marco De Michelis, supervisor). Template:In lang
External links
Template:Olivetti Template:Authority control
- ↑ Carlo Scarpa and Japan. The influence of Japanese art and architecture in the work of Carlo Scarpa. lincoln.ac.uk
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- ↑ Scarpa carried out "sensitive restoration work" on the building.Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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