Patrick Hepburn, 3rd Earl of Bothwell: Difference between revisions
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He was imprisoned in 1529 for two years for harbouring robbers. Once released he decided to exact revenge by beginning a treasonable correspondence with [[England]]. He then spent much of the next years in England, and after [[James V of Scotland|James V]] died following the [[Battle of Solway Moss]], Hepburn signed a pact with [[Henry VIII]] promising to serve him and aid the commitment of the then infant [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], into Henry's custody. | He was imprisoned in 1529 for two years for harbouring robbers. Once released he decided to exact revenge by beginning a treasonable correspondence with [[England]]. He then spent much of the next years in England, and after [[James V of Scotland|James V]] died following the [[Battle of Solway Moss]], Hepburn signed a pact with [[Henry VIII]] promising to serve him and aid the commitment of the then infant [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], into Henry's custody. | ||
Despite having sworn loyalty to Henry VIII, Hepburn was awarded an annual pension of £1,000 from [[Mary of Guise]] (Mary, Queen of Scots' mother) in return for his patriotic fidelity. It was said that Hepburn believed there was the possibility of marrying into royalty and that was his reason for divorcing his wife. However, the prospects for royal marriage were thin and despite Henry VIII engaging in another bloody invasion of Scotland, Hepburn resumed correspondence with the English Court.{{cn|date=December 2022}} In the intervening years, Hepburn apprehended [[George Wishart]] in January 1546, who was put on trial for heresy and executed at [[St Andrews]] on 1 March 1546. | Despite having sworn loyalty to Henry VIII, Hepburn was awarded an annual pension of £1,000 from [[Mary of Guise]] (Mary, Queen of Scots' mother) in return for his patriotic fidelity. It was said that Hepburn believed there was the possibility of marrying into royalty and that was his reason for divorcing his wife.{{Citation needed|reason=This claim needs a reliable source; The main reason may have been that his wife was unable to bear additional children.|date=June 2025}} However, the prospects for royal marriage were thin and despite Henry VIII engaging in another bloody invasion of Scotland, Hepburn resumed correspondence with the English Court.{{cn|date=December 2022}} In the intervening years, Hepburn apprehended [[George Wishart]] in January 1546, who was put on trial for heresy and executed at [[St Andrews]] on 1 March 1546. | ||
In 1548, Hepburn renounced his loyalty to the Scottish crown, and became a pensioner of England, earning 3,000 crowns annually.<ref>Walter G. Richardson, ''The Report of the Royal Commission of 1552'' (West Virginia University Library, 1974), p. 88.</ref> He went into England in July 1549, staying two nights at [[Naworth Castle]].<ref>''HMC 12th Report & Appendix, part 4, Duke of Rutland'', vol. 1 (London, 1888), 41.</ref> However, in November 1553 he returned to Scotland after his formal pardon by [[Mary of Guise]].<ref>[[Annie Cameron]], ''Scottish Correspondence of Mary of Lorraine'' (Edinburgh: SHS, 1927), pp. 368–369.</ref> He died at [[Dumfries]]. | In 1548, Hepburn renounced his loyalty to the Scottish crown, and became a pensioner of England, earning 3,000 crowns annually.<ref>Walter G. Richardson, ''The Report of the Royal Commission of 1552'' (West Virginia University Library, 1974), p. 88.</ref> He went into England in July 1549, staying two nights at [[Naworth Castle]].<ref>''HMC 12th Report & Appendix, part 4, Duke of Rutland'', vol. 1 (London, 1888), 41.</ref> However, in November 1553 he returned to Scotland after his formal pardon by [[Mary of Guise]].<ref>[[Annie Cameron]], ''Scottish Correspondence of Mary of Lorraine'' (Edinburgh: SHS, 1927), pp. 368–369.</ref> He died at [[Dumfries]]. | ||
== Marriage and family == | == Marriage and family == | ||
In 1534, The Earl of Bothwell married in Agnes Sinclair, daughter of [[Henry Sinclair, 4th Lord Sinclair]] (who also fell at Flodden). They were divorced before 16 October 1543, whereafter she | In 1534, The Earl of Bothwell married in Agnes Sinclair, daughter of [[Henry Sinclair, 4th Lord Sinclair]] (who also fell at Flodden), whereafter she was styled Countess of Bothwell. They were divorced before 16 October 1543, whereafter she styled herself by the Earl's lowest subsidiary title as Lady [[Morham]] until her death in 1572. She used a signature "Agnes Lady Moram". Her will was witnessed by the goldsmith [[James Mosman]] and others.<ref>"Letters of Assedation to Agnes Countess of Bothwell", ''Bannatyne Miscellany'', 3 (Edinburgh, 1855), p. 304.</ref> | ||
They had three children: | They had three children: | ||
Latest revision as of 14:40, 23 June 2025
Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Main other Patrick Hepburn, 3rd Earl of Bothwell (1512 – September 1556) was the son of Adam Hepburn, Lord Hailes, who died at the Battle of Flodden the year after Patrick's birth.
Hepburn was known as the Fair Earl. He owed this more to his looks than his character, being described as "fair and white" while a young boy.
He was imprisoned in 1529 for two years for harbouring robbers. Once released he decided to exact revenge by beginning a treasonable correspondence with England. He then spent much of the next years in England, and after James V died following the Battle of Solway Moss, Hepburn signed a pact with Henry VIII promising to serve him and aid the commitment of the then infant Mary, Queen of Scots, into Henry's custody.
Despite having sworn loyalty to Henry VIII, Hepburn was awarded an annual pension of £1,000 from Mary of Guise (Mary, Queen of Scots' mother) in return for his patriotic fidelity. It was said that Hepburn believed there was the possibility of marrying into royalty and that was his reason for divorcing his wife.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". However, the prospects for royal marriage were thin and despite Henry VIII engaging in another bloody invasion of Scotland, Hepburn resumed correspondence with the English Court.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". In the intervening years, Hepburn apprehended George Wishart in January 1546, who was put on trial for heresy and executed at St Andrews on 1 March 1546.
In 1548, Hepburn renounced his loyalty to the Scottish crown, and became a pensioner of England, earning 3,000 crowns annually.[1] He went into England in July 1549, staying two nights at Naworth Castle.[2] However, in November 1553 he returned to Scotland after his formal pardon by Mary of Guise.[3] He died at Dumfries.
Marriage and family
In 1534, The Earl of Bothwell married in Agnes Sinclair, daughter of Henry Sinclair, 4th Lord Sinclair (who also fell at Flodden), whereafter she was styled Countess of Bothwell. They were divorced before 16 October 1543, whereafter she styled herself by the Earl's lowest subsidiary title as Lady Morham until her death in 1572. She used a signature "Agnes Lady Moram". Her will was witnessed by the goldsmith James Mosman and others.[4]
They had three children:
- James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, his son and heir, who eventually became the third and last husband of Mary, Queen of Scots.
- Jean (Janet) Hepburn (d. before 27 July 1599) whose first husband was John Sinclair, Master of Caithness (d.1578, v.p.), with issue; her second husband was John Stewart, Commendator of Coldingham, by whom she had Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of Bothwell; her third husband the notorious Archibald Douglas, Parson of Douglas, a Senator of the College of Justice, and brother of William Douglas of Whittinghame.
References
- The Royal Families of England Scotland and Wales, with their descendants, etc., by John and John Bernard Burke, London, 1848, volume 1, pedigree CXXXIX.
- The Scots Peerage, by Sir James Balfour Paul, Edinburgh, 1905, vol. 1, pp. 157–160.
- ↑ Walter G. Richardson, The Report of the Royal Commission of 1552 (West Virginia University Library, 1974), p. 88.
- ↑ HMC 12th Report & Appendix, part 4, Duke of Rutland, vol. 1 (London, 1888), 41.
- ↑ Annie Cameron, Scottish Correspondence of Mary of Lorraine (Edinburgh: SHS, 1927), pp. 368–369.
- ↑ "Letters of Assedation to Agnes Countess of Bothwell", Bannatyne Miscellany, 3 (Edinburgh, 1855), p. 304.