Charles Fitzpatrick: Difference between revisions
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'''Sir Charles Fitzpatrick''', {{postnominals|country=CAN|PC|GCMG|sep=,|size=100}} (December 19, 1851 – June 17, 1942) was a [[Canadians|Canadian]] lawyer and politician who served as [[Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada|Minister of Justice of Canada]], as [[Chief Justice of Canada]] and then as [[Lieutenant Governor of Quebec]]. | '''Sir Charles Fitzpatrick''', {{postnominals|country=CAN|PC|GCMG|sep=,|size=100}} (December 19, 1851 – June 17, 1942) was a [[Canadians|Canadian]] lawyer and politician who served as [[Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada|Minister of Justice of Canada]], as [[Chief Justice of Canada]] and then as [[Lieutenant Governor of Quebec]]. | ||
== | == Early life == | ||
Fitzpatrick was born in [[Quebec City]], [[Canada East]], to John Fitzpatrick and Mary Connolly.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last1=Canada|first1=Supreme Court of|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s8QhYNvBBxYC&q=charles+fitzpatrick+Fitzpatrick+&pg=PA116|title=The Supreme Court of Canada and its Justices 1875–2000: La Cour suprême du Canada et ses juges 1875–2000|last2=Canada|first2=Public Works and Government Services|date=2000-11-01|publisher=Dundurn|isbn=978-1-77070-095-6|pages=48|language=en}}</ref> He studied at [[Laval University]], where he earned a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree (1873) and a [[Bachelor of Laws]] degree (1876), receiving the [[Dufferin Medal|Dufferin Silver Medal]].<ref name="History of Dufferin in CA 1878">''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=yale.39002005155768;view=1up;seq=11 History of the Administration of the Earl of Dufferin in Canada],'' by [[William Leggo]], Toronto: Lovell Printing and Publishing Company (1878), pg. 877</ref> Called to the [[Barreau du Québec|bar of Quebec]] in 1876, he established his practice in Quebec City and later founded the law firm of Fitzpatrick & Taschereau.<ref name=":0" /> | Fitzpatrick was born in [[Quebec City]], [[Canada East]], to John Fitzpatrick and Mary Connolly.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last1=Canada|first1=Supreme Court of|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s8QhYNvBBxYC&q=charles+fitzpatrick+Fitzpatrick+&pg=PA116|title=The Supreme Court of Canada and its Justices 1875–2000: La Cour suprême du Canada et ses juges 1875–2000|last2=Canada|first2=Public Works and Government Services|date=2000-11-01|publisher=Dundurn|isbn=978-1-77070-095-6|pages=48|language=en}}</ref> He studied at [[Laval University]], where he earned a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree (1873) and a [[Bachelor of Laws]] degree (1876), receiving the [[Dufferin Medal|Dufferin Silver Medal]].<ref name="History of Dufferin in CA 1878">''[http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=yale.39002005155768;view=1up;seq=11 History of the Administration of the Earl of Dufferin in Canada],'' by [[William Leggo]], Toronto: Lovell Printing and Publishing Company (1878), pg. 877</ref> Called to the [[Barreau du Québec|bar of Quebec]] in 1876, he established his practice in Quebec City and later founded the law firm of Fitzpatrick & Taschereau.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
[[Image:Charles Fitzpatrick 2.jpg|thumb|left|Fitzpatrick as an MP]] | [[Image:Charles Fitzpatrick 2.jpg|thumb|left|Fitzpatrick as an MP]] | ||
In 1885, he acted as chief counsel to [[Louis Riel]], who was on trial for leading the [[North-West Rebellion]]. Riel was found guilty and sentenced to death.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Supreme Court of Canada – Biography – Charles Fitzpatrick|url=https://www.scc-csc.ca/judges-juges/bio-eng.aspx?id=charles-fitzpatrick|last=Canada|first=Supreme Court of|date=2001-01-01|website=www.scc-csc.ca|access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref> | In 1885, he acted as chief counsel to [[Louis Riel]], who was on trial for leading the [[North-West Rebellion]]. Riel was found guilty and sentenced to death.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Supreme Court of Canada – Biography – Charles Fitzpatrick|url=https://www.scc-csc.ca/judges-juges/bio-eng.aspx?id=charles-fitzpatrick|last=Canada|first=Supreme Court of|date=2001-01-01|website=www.scc-csc.ca|access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref> | ||
== Political life == | |||
He was first elected to the [[House of Commons of Canada]] in the [[Quebec County (federal electoral district)|Quebec County]] electoral district in the [[1896 Canadian federal election|1896 federal election]] as a [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal]] [[Member of Parliament (Canada)|Member of Parliament]] (MP). He served as [[Solicitor General of Canada]] from 1896 to 1902, and as [[Minister of Justice (Canada)|Minister of Justice]] from 1902 until 1906. | Fitzpatrick entered politics in [[1890 Quebec general election|1890]], winning election to the [[Quebec Legislative Assembly]] in the [[Québec-Comté (provincial electoral district)|Québec-Comté]] electoral district. He was re-elected in [[1892 Quebec general election|1892]], but he resigned in June 1896 to enter federal politics.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Charles Fitzpatrick - National Assembly of Québec |url=https://www.assnat.qc.ca/en/deputes/fitzpatrick-charles-3165/biographie.html |access-date=2025-06-29 |website=www.assnat.qc.ca |language=en}}</ref> | ||
He was first elected to the [[House of Commons of Canada]] in the [[Quebec County (federal electoral district)|Quebec County]] electoral district in the [[1896 Canadian federal election|1896 federal election]] as a [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberal]] [[Member of Parliament (Canada)|Member of Parliament]] (MP). He served as [[Solicitor General of Canada]] from 1896 to 1902, and as [[Minister of Justice (Canada)|Minister of Justice]] from 1902 until 1906.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> In 1905, he took part, as the federal government representative, in the negotiations that led to the creation of the provinces of [[Alberta]] and [[Saskatchewan]]. | |||
== Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada == | |||
He was appointed to the [[Supreme Court of Canada]] in 1906 as [[Chief Justice of Canada|Chief Justice]]. He served in that position until 1918, when he was appointed as [[Lieutenant Governor of Quebec]], the [[List of lieutenant governors of Quebec#Lieutenant governors of Quebec, 1867–present|12th]] since Confederation. Partway through his term as Lieutenant Governor, his wife's nephew ([[Louis-Alexandre Taschereau]]) became the [[Premier of Quebec]]. | He was appointed to the [[Supreme Court of Canada]] in 1906 as [[Chief Justice of Canada|Chief Justice]]. He served in that position until 1918, when he was appointed as [[Lieutenant Governor of Quebec]], the [[List of lieutenant governors of Quebec#Lieutenant governors of Quebec, 1867–present|12th]] since Confederation. Partway through his term as Lieutenant Governor, his wife's nephew ([[Louis-Alexandre Taschereau]]) became the [[Premier of Quebec]]. | ||
Fitzpatrick continued to participate in politics on the bench, giving private political advice to active politicians.{{sfn|Snell|Vaughan|1985|p=94}} Fitzpatrick lobbied the government to appoint Judge Cannon of Quebec to the Court upon the death of Justice [[Robert Sedgewick (judge)|Robert Sedgewick]].{{sfn|Snell|Vaughan|1985|p=94}} Fitzpatrick had a personal debt to Prime Minister [[Wilfrid Laurier]] of $5,000.{{sfn|Snell|Vaughan|1985|p=94}} Fitzpatrick did not only provide political advice to the Liberal government, but also recommended Senate appointments, legislation and provided political advice on issues in Quebec to the [[Robert Borden|Borden]] government.{{sfn|Snell|Vaughan|1985|p=94}} Snell and Vaughn note that Fitzpatrick acted as Prime Minister Borden's personal agent to the [[Conservative Party of Quebec (historical)|Quebec Conservative Party]].{{sfn|Snell|Vaughan|1985|p=94}} | |||
He is the only Chief Justice other than Sir [[William Buell Richards]] to have served in that position without having first been a [[Puisne Justice]] on the court (Richards was Chief Justice at the court's creation in 1875), and the only Chief Justice to have been appointed without any prior judicial experience.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}} | He is the only Chief Justice other than Sir [[William Buell Richards]] to have served in that position without having first been a [[Puisne Justice]] on the court (Richards was Chief Justice at the court's creation in 1875), and the only Chief Justice to have been appointed without any prior judicial experience.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}} | ||
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== References == | == References == | ||
{{Reflist|refs=}} | {{Reflist|refs=}} | ||
== Further reading == | |||
{{refbegin}} | |||
* {{Cite book|title = Captive Court: A Study of the Supreme Court of Canada|last = Bushnell|first = Ian|publisher = McGill-Queen's University Press|year = 1992|isbn = 978-0-7735-0851-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/captivecourtstud0000bush |url-access=registration}} | |||
* {{Cite book|title = The Supreme Court of Canada: History of the Institution|last1 = Snell|first1 = James G. |last2 = Vaughan|first2 = Frederick |publisher = The Osgoode Society|year = 1985|isbn = 978-0-8020-3417-5 |location = Toronto|url = https://archive.org/details/supremecourtofca0000snel|url-access = registration}} | |||
{{refend}} | |||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
Latest revision as of 22:49, 29 June 2025
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Sir Charles Fitzpatrick, Template:Postnominals (December 19, 1851 – June 17, 1942) was a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as Minister of Justice of Canada, as Chief Justice of Canada and then as Lieutenant Governor of Quebec.
Early life
Fitzpatrick was born in Quebec City, Canada East, to John Fitzpatrick and Mary Connolly.[1] He studied at Laval University, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree (1873) and a Bachelor of Laws degree (1876), receiving the Dufferin Silver Medal.[2] Called to the bar of Quebec in 1876, he established his practice in Quebec City and later founded the law firm of Fitzpatrick & Taschereau.[1]
In 1885, he acted as chief counsel to Louis Riel, who was on trial for leading the North-West Rebellion. Riel was found guilty and sentenced to death.[3]
Political life
Fitzpatrick entered politics in 1890, winning election to the Quebec Legislative Assembly in the Québec-Comté electoral district. He was re-elected in 1892, but he resigned in June 1896 to enter federal politics.[4]
He was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the Quebec County electoral district in the 1896 federal election as a Liberal Member of Parliament (MP). He served as Solicitor General of Canada from 1896 to 1902, and as Minister of Justice from 1902 until 1906.[3][4] In 1905, he took part, as the federal government representative, in the negotiations that led to the creation of the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan.
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada
He was appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada in 1906 as Chief Justice. He served in that position until 1918, when he was appointed as Lieutenant Governor of Quebec, the 12th since Confederation. Partway through his term as Lieutenant Governor, his wife's nephew (Louis-Alexandre Taschereau) became the Premier of Quebec.
Fitzpatrick continued to participate in politics on the bench, giving private political advice to active politicians.Template:Sfn Fitzpatrick lobbied the government to appoint Judge Cannon of Quebec to the Court upon the death of Justice Robert Sedgewick.Template:Sfn Fitzpatrick had a personal debt to Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier of $5,000.Template:Sfn Fitzpatrick did not only provide political advice to the Liberal government, but also recommended Senate appointments, legislation and provided political advice on issues in Quebec to the Borden government.Template:Sfn Snell and Vaughn note that Fitzpatrick acted as Prime Minister Borden's personal agent to the Quebec Conservative Party.Template:Sfn
He is the only Chief Justice other than Sir William Buell Richards to have served in that position without having first been a Puisne Justice on the court (Richards was Chief Justice at the court's creation in 1875), and the only Chief Justice to have been appointed without any prior judicial experience.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Personal life
On May 20, 1879, Fitzpatrick married Marie-Elmire-Corinne Caron. She was the daughter of René-Édouard Caron, 2nd Lieutenant Governor of Quebec, and his wife Marie-Joséphine De Blois.
He was knighted in 1907. Fitzpatrick died on June 17, 1942, at the age of 90 years and 6 months. He is interred in Sillery, at Saint-Michel Cemetery (cimetière Saint-Michel de Sillery).[5]
Electoral record
Template:1896 Canadian federal election/Quebec County
By-election: On Mr. Fitzpatrick being appointed Solicitor General, 11 July 1896
| By-election on Template:Trim | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Template:1900 Canadian federal election/Quebec County Template:1904 Canadian federal election/Quebec County
Archives
There is a Charles Fitzpatrick fonds at Library and Archives Canada.[6]
References
Further reading
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External links
- Supreme Court of Canada biography
- Template:Quebec MNA biography
- Template:Canadian Parliament links
- Template:Cite NSRW
- Fitzpatrick, Sir Charles National Historic Person — Parks Canada
- The Newspaper Reference Book of Canada: Embracing Facts and Data Regarding Canada and Biographical Sketches of Representative Canadian Men. Hon. Charles Fitzpatrick, B.A., Template:Postnominals. Toronto: The Press Publishing Company, Limited (1903), p. 201
- Sir Charles Fitzpatrick, Canadian Confederation — Library and Archives Canada (2005)
- Sir Charles Fitzpatrick — The Canadian Encyclopedia (2013)
Template:QCLG Template:CanadaCJs Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:CA-Ministers of Justice and Attorneys General Template:CA-Solicitors General of Canada Template:Trial of Louis Riel Template:Authority control
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ History of the Administration of the Earl of Dufferin in Canada, by William Leggo, Toronto: Lovell Printing and Publishing Company (1878), pg. 877
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- Pages with script errors
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- 1851 births
- 1942 deaths
- Anglophone Quebec people
- Canadian Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
- Canadian Roman Catholics
- Chief justices of Canada
- Lawyers in Quebec
- Liberal Party of Canada MPs
- Lieutenant governors of Quebec
- Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Quebec
- Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada
- Members of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
- Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)
- Politicians from Quebec City
- Quebec Liberal Party MNAs
- Quebec people of Irish descent
- Solicitors general of Canada
- Université Laval alumni
- Université Laval Faculté de droit alumni
- Canadian members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
- Academic staff of Université Laval
- 19th-century members of the Legislative Assembly of Quebec
- 19th-century members of the House of Commons of Canada
- 20th-century members of the House of Commons of Canada