Callaïs: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Ancient precious stones used for making beads in the Neolithic and Bronze age}} | {{Short description|Ancient precious stones used for making beads in the Neolithic and Bronze age}} | ||
[[File:Callais Neolithique Musée Vannes 19082012 05.jpg|thumb|380x380px|An example of a variscite "callaïs" necklace of Neolithic origin, dated 4500 - 4000 BC, found in [[Arzon]]. The necklace now located in the Musée d'Histoire et d'Archéologie de Vannes.]] | [[File:Callais Neolithique Musée Vannes 19082012 05.jpg|thumb|380x380px|An example of a variscite "callaïs" necklace of Neolithic origin, dated 4500 - 4000 BC, found in [[Arzon]]. The necklace now located in the Musée d'Histoire et d'Archéologie de Vannes.]] | ||
'''Callaïs''' is the generic name for ancient green-blue precious stones used for making pendants and beads by western European [[archaeological culture|cultures]] of the later [[Neolithic]] and early [[Bronze Age]]. The term includes [[turquoise]] and [[variscite]] but not [[jade]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book | '''Callaïs''' is the generic name for ancient green-blue precious stones used for making pendants and beads by western European [[archaeological culture|cultures]] of the later [[Neolithic]] and early [[Bronze Age]]. The term includes [[turquoise]] and [[variscite]] but not [[jade]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=La parure en callaïs du néolithique européen |date=2019 |others=G. Querré, Serge Cassen, Emmanuel Vigier |isbn=978-1-78969-281-5 |location=Oxford |pages=85, 423 |oclc=1128026690}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last1=Cassen |first1=Serge |title=A taste for green : a global perspective on ancient jade, turquoise and variscite exchange |last2=Petrequin |first2=Pierre |last3=Guirec |first3=Querre |last4=Grimaud |first4=Valentin |last5=Rodriguez-Rellan |first5=Carlos |date=2019 |others=Carlos Rodríguez-Rellán, Ben A. Nelson, Ramón Fábregas Valcarce |isbn=978-1-78925-277-4 |location=Oxford |pages=122–132 |chapter=Spaces and signs for the transfer of jade and callaïs in the Neolithic of Western Europe |oclc=1129585280}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Rodriguez-Rellan |first1=Carlos |title=A Taste for Green: A global perspective on ancient jade, turquoise and variscite exchange |last2=Fábregas Valcarce |first2=Ramón |last3=Faustino Carvalho |first3=António |publisher=Oxbow Books |others=Carlos Rodríguez-Rellán, Ben A. Nelson, and Ramón Fábregas Valcarce |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-78925-277-4 |location=Oxford, England |pages=77–96 |chapter=From the green belt: an appraisal on the circulation of Western Iberian variscite |oclc=1129585280}}</ref> "Callaïs" was described by [[Pliny the Elder]] as being paler than [[lapis lazuli]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pliny the Elder |url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Pliny_the_Elder/37*.html#56 |title=Naturalis Historia, liber xxxvii |pages=lvi 151}}</ref> Callaïs objects have been found in Neolithic tombs from the mid-[[5th millennium BC]] in the [[Carnac]] region of western France.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> | ||
Callaïs deposits are thought to have been widely distributed throughout the Iberian peninsula, and transported from [[Andalusia]], [[Castile (historical region)|Castile]], and [[Catalonia]] to [[Brittany]], [[Normandy]], and the [[Paris Basin]].<ref name=":1" /> | Callaïs deposits are thought to have been widely distributed throughout the Iberian peninsula, and transported from [[Andalusia]], [[Castile (historical region)|Castile]], and [[Catalonia]] to [[Brittany]], [[Normandy]], and the [[Paris Basin]].<ref name=":1" /> | ||
Latest revision as of 00:49, 19 July 2025
Callaïs is the generic name for ancient green-blue precious stones used for making pendants and beads by western European cultures of the later Neolithic and early Bronze Age. The term includes turquoise and variscite but not jade.[1][2][3] "Callaïs" was described by Pliny the Elder as being paler than lapis lazuli.[4] Callaïs objects have been found in Neolithic tombs from the mid-5th millennium BC in the Carnac region of western France.[2][1]
Callaïs deposits are thought to have been widely distributed throughout the Iberian peninsula, and transported from Andalusia, Castile, and Catalonia to Brittany, Normandy, and the Paris Basin.[2]
References
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