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==Number of TDs== | ==Number of TDs== | ||
[[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] is divided into [[Dáil constituencies]], each of which elects three, four, or five TDs. Under the [[Constitution of Ireland|Constitution]], the total number of TDs must be fixed at one TD for each 20,000 to 30,000 of the population.<ref name=deputy>{{cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/visit-and-learn/how-parliament-works/dail-eireann/|title=Dáil Éireann|access-date=28 February 2020|work=Houses of the Oireachtas}}</ref> There are 174 TDs in the [[34th Dáil]], elected at the [[2024 Irish general election|2024 general election]] under the [[Electoral (Amendment) Act 2023]]. The outgoing [[Ceann Comhairle]] is automatically returned unless they announce their retirement before the dissolution of the Dáil. | [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] is divided into [[Dáil constituencies]], each of which elects three, four, or five TDs. Under the [[Constitution of Ireland|Constitution]], the total number of TDs must be fixed at one TD for each 20,000 to 30,000 of the population.<ref name=deputy>{{cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/visit-and-learn/how-parliament-works/dail-eireann/|title=Dáil Éireann|access-date=28 February 2020|work=Houses of the Oireachtas|archive-date=8 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008151657/https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/visit-and-learn/how-parliament-works/dail-eireann/|url-status=dead}}</ref> There are 174 TDs in the [[34th Dáil]], elected at the [[2024 Irish general election|2024 general election]] under the [[Electoral (Amendment) Act 2023]]. The outgoing [[Ceann Comhairle]] is automatically returned unless they announce their retirement before the dissolution of the Dáil. | ||
==Qualification== | ==Qualification== | ||
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The term was first used to describe those Irish parliamentarians<ref>73 out of 105 seats won in Ireland at the 1918 general election were by [[Sinn Féin]] members. [[Irish Unionist Alliance|Unionist]] and [[Irish Parliamentary Party]] members refused to recognise the Dáil, and so did not attend.</ref> who were elected at the [[1918 Irish general election|1918 general election]], and who, rather than attending the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|British House of Commons]] at [[Westminster]], to which they had been elected, assembled instead in the [[Mansion House, Dublin|Mansion House]] in Dublin on 21 January 1919 to create a new Irish parliament: the [[First Dáil]] Éireann. Initially, the term {{lang|ga|Feisire Dáil Eireann}} (F.D.E.) was mooted,<ref>e.g. | The term was first used to describe those Irish parliamentarians<ref>73 out of 105 seats won in Ireland at the 1918 general election were by [[Sinn Féin]] members. [[Irish Unionist Alliance|Unionist]] and [[Irish Parliamentary Party]] members refused to recognise the Dáil, and so did not attend.</ref> who were elected at the [[1918 Irish general election|1918 general election]], and who, rather than attending the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|British House of Commons]] at [[Westminster]], to which they had been elected, assembled instead in the [[Mansion House, Dublin|Mansion House]] in Dublin on 21 January 1919 to create a new Irish parliament: the [[First Dáil]] Éireann. Initially, the term {{lang|ga|Feisire Dáil Eireann}} (F.D.E.) was mooted,<ref>e.g. | ||
* {{cite encyclopedia |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri31chisrich#page/574/mode/1up |article=Ireland |page=573 |volume=31 |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |edition=12th |author-link=Walter Alison Phillips |first=Walter Alison |last=Phillips |year=1922 |access-date=21 October 2016 |quote=The victorious group assumed the title of the Irish Republican party, and styled themselves not M.P., but F.D.E. ({{lang|ga|Feisire Dail Eireann}}, i.e. members of the Assembly of Ireland).}} | * {{cite encyclopedia |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri31chisrich#page/574/mode/1up |article=Ireland |page=573 |volume=31 |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |edition=12th |author-link=Walter Alison Phillips |first=Walter Alison |last=Phillips |year=1922 |access-date=21 October 2016 |quote=The victorious group assumed the title of the Irish Republican party, and styled themselves not M.P., but F.D.E. ({{lang|ga|Feisire Dail Eireann}}, i.e. members of the Assembly of Ireland).}} | ||
* ''[[Cork Examiner]]'', 21 January 1919, "The M.P.s, or F.D.Es (Feisire Dáil Eireann) as they will be known in future, [etc.]" (cited in {{cite thesis |url= | * ''[[Cork Examiner]]'', 21 January 1919, "The M.P.s, or F.D.Es (Feisire Dáil Eireann) as they will be known in future, [etc.]" (cited in {{cite thesis |url=https://othes.univie.ac.at/1195/1/2008-09-03_8305662.pdf#page=694 |format=PDF |title=Irish Views on Old Austria and Austrian Views on the Irish Question, 1848–1918|last=Ferris|first=Lisa|date=September 2008|publisher=University of Vienna|page=609 |access-date=21 October 2016}})</ref> but 'Teachta' was used from the first meeting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie/debates%20authoring/debateswebpack.nsf/takes/dail1919012100002|title=Prelude|date=21 January 1919|work=First Dáil proceedings|publisher=Oireachtas |no-pp=y|pages=c.9 |quote=Tháinig na Teachtaí I gceann a chéile I nÁrus Árd-Mhéire Bhaile Átha Cliath ar a 3.30 iar nóin.|language=Irish|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref> The term continued to be used after this First Dáil and was used to refer to later members of the [[Irish Republic]]'s single-chamber [[Dáil Éireann (Irish Republic)|Dáil Éireann]] (or 'Assembly of Ireland') (1919–1922), members of the [[Dáil Éireann (Irish Free State)|Free State Dáil]] (1922–1937), and of the modern Dáil Éireann. | ||
==Style== | ==Style== | ||
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The basic salary of a [[backbencher|backbench]] TD is €113,679.<ref>{{cite web |date=1 June 2024 |title=TDs and Senators salaries |url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/members/salaries-and-allowances/salaries/ |access-date=18 June 2024 |work=Houses of the Oireachtas}}</ref> [[Government of Ireland|Cabinet ministers]] and [[Minister of State (Ireland)|junior ministers]] receive additional allowances. Office-holders (opposition party leaders, [[Whip (politics)|whip]]s, the Ceann Comhairle, and [[Leas-Cheann Comhairle]]) also receive additional allowances.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/parliament/tdssenators/salariesallowances/daileireann/#d.en.9351|title=Allowances for additional responsibilities payable to Members of Dáil Éireann|publisher=Houses of the Oireachtas|access-date=6 June 2013}}</ref> | The basic salary of a [[backbencher|backbench]] TD is €113,679.<ref>{{cite web |date=1 June 2024 |title=TDs and Senators salaries |url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/members/salaries-and-allowances/salaries/ |access-date=18 June 2024 |work=Houses of the Oireachtas}}</ref> [[Government of Ireland|Cabinet ministers]] and [[Minister of State (Ireland)|junior ministers]] receive additional allowances. Office-holders (opposition party leaders, [[Whip (politics)|whip]]s, the Ceann Comhairle, and [[Leas-Cheann Comhairle]]) also receive additional allowances.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/parliament/tdssenators/salariesallowances/daileireann/#d.en.9351|title=Allowances for additional responsibilities payable to Members of Dáil Éireann|publisher=Houses of the Oireachtas|access-date=6 June 2013}}</ref> | ||
After controversy regarding alleged abuses of the [[Oireachtas]] expenses provisions, the system was simplified in 2009 and 2010 into two allowances:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.finance.gov.ie/viewdoc.asp?DocID=6207|title=Revised system of expense allowances for Members of the Houses of the Oireachtas |date=10 February 2010|publisher= Department of Finance, Government of Ireland |access-date=6 June 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019115259/http://www.finance.gov.ie/viewdoc.asp?DocID=6207|archive-date=19 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url= | After controversy regarding alleged abuses of the [[Oireachtas]] expenses provisions, the system was simplified in 2009 and 2010 into two allowances:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.finance.gov.ie/viewdoc.asp?DocID=6207|title=Revised system of expense allowances for Members of the Houses of the Oireachtas |date=10 February 2010|publisher= Department of Finance, Government of Ireland |access-date=6 June 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019115259/http://www.finance.gov.ie/viewdoc.asp?DocID=6207|archive-date=19 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.ie/regionals/herald/lavish-expenses-for-oireachtas-face-overhaul/27898896.html|title=Lavish expenses for Oireachtas face overhaul|last=Murphy|first=Cormac|date=21 January 2009|work=[[Evening Herald]]|access-date=6 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2009/act/29/enacted/en/print|title=Oireachtas (Allowances to Members) and Ministerial and Parliamentary Offices Act 2009|date=21 July 2009|work=[[Irish Statute Book]]|access-date=6 June 2013}}</ref><ref name="oirpsa">{{cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/members/salaries-and-allowances/parliamentary-standard-allowances/ |title=Parliamentary Standard Allowance (PSA) – Travel and Accommodation and Public Representation Allowances|publisher=Oireachtas|access-date=5 January 2024}}</ref> | ||
*Travel and accommodation allowance – ranging from €9,000 for TDs less than 25 km from [[Leinster House]] to €34,065 for those more than 360 km away.<ref name="oirpsa" /> | *Travel and accommodation allowance – ranging from €9,000 for TDs less than 25 km from [[Leinster House]] to €34,065 for those more than 360 km away.<ref name="oirpsa" /> | ||
*Public Representation Allowance – for maintaining a constituency office; €20,350 for backbench TDs, less for ministers.<ref name="oirpsa" /> All expenses must be vouched, except for a "petty cash" allowance of €100 per month. Until December 2012 TDs could choose between a €25,000 vouched allowance or €15,000 unvouched.<ref name="ind28943963">{{cite news|url= | *Public Representation Allowance – for maintaining a constituency office; €20,350 for backbench TDs, less for ministers.<ref name="oirpsa" /> All expenses must be vouched, except for a "petty cash" allowance of €100 per month. Until December 2012 TDs could choose between a €25,000 vouched allowance or €15,000 unvouched.<ref name="ind28943963">{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/finally-tds-must-provide-receipts-but-no-full-reform-28943963.html|title=Finally, TDs must provide receipts but no full reform|last=Kelly|first=Fiach|date=6 December 2012|work=[[Irish Independent]]|access-date=6 June 2013}}</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Latest revision as of 05:27, 2 October 2025
Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use Hiberno-English Template:Infobox official post Template:Politics of Republic of Ireland A Teachta Dála (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell; Script error: No such module "IPA".;[1] plural Script error: No such module "Lang".), abbreviated as TD (plural TDanna in Irish,[2] TDs in English), is a member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas, the parliament of Ireland. The official English translation of the term is "Dáil Deputy".[3][4] An equivalent position would be a Member of Parliament (MP) in the UK or Member of Congress in the USA.
Number of TDs
Ireland is divided into Dáil constituencies, each of which elects three, four, or five TDs. Under the Constitution, the total number of TDs must be fixed at one TD for each 20,000 to 30,000 of the population.[5] There are 174 TDs in the 34th Dáil, elected at the 2024 general election under the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2023. The outgoing Ceann Comhairle is automatically returned unless they announce their retirement before the dissolution of the Dáil.
Qualification
A candidate for election as TD must be an Irish citizen and over 21 years of age. Members of the judiciary, the Garda Síochána, and the Permanent Defence Forces are disqualified from membership of the Dáil.[6]
History
The term was first used to describe those Irish parliamentarians[7] who were elected at the 1918 general election, and who, rather than attending the British House of Commons at Westminster, to which they had been elected, assembled instead in the Mansion House in Dublin on 21 January 1919 to create a new Irish parliament: the First Dáil Éireann. Initially, the term Script error: No such module "Lang". (F.D.E.) was mooted,[8] but 'Teachta' was used from the first meeting.[9] The term continued to be used after this First Dáil and was used to refer to later members of the Irish Republic's single-chamber Dáil Éireann (or 'Assembly of Ireland') (1919–1922), members of the Free State Dáil (1922–1937), and of the modern Dáil Éireann.
Style
The initials "TD" are placed after the surname of the elected TD. For example, the current Taoiseach (head of government) is "Micheál Martin, TD". The style used to refer to individual TDs during debates in Dáil Éireann is the member's surname preceded by Deputy (Template:Langx): for example, "Deputy McDonald", "an Teachta Ní Dhomhnaill/Bhean Úi Dhomhnaill"[10] or "an Teachta Ó Domhnaill".[11]
Salaries and expenses
The basic salary of a backbench TD is €113,679.[12] Cabinet ministers and junior ministers receive additional allowances. Office-holders (opposition party leaders, whips, the Ceann Comhairle, and Leas-Cheann Comhairle) also receive additional allowances.[13]
After controversy regarding alleged abuses of the Oireachtas expenses provisions, the system was simplified in 2009 and 2010 into two allowances:[14][15][16][17]
- Travel and accommodation allowance – ranging from €9,000 for TDs less than 25 km from Leinster House to €34,065 for those more than 360 km away.[17]
- Public Representation Allowance – for maintaining a constituency office; €20,350 for backbench TDs, less for ministers.[17] All expenses must be vouched, except for a "petty cash" allowance of €100 per month. Until December 2012 TDs could choose between a €25,000 vouched allowance or €15,000 unvouched.[18]
See also
References
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- ↑ Template:Cite ISB
- ↑ 73 out of 105 seats won in Ireland at the 1918 general election were by Sinn Féin members. Unionist and Irish Parliamentary Party members refused to recognise the Dáil, and so did not attend.
- ↑ e.g.
- Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- Cork Examiner, 21 January 1919, "The M.P.s, or F.D.Es (Feisire Dáil Eireann) as they will be known in future, [etc.]" (cited in Template:Cite thesis)
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Ms McDonald/Mrs McDonald
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".