Khronos Group: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
imported>JustMakeTheAccount
removed Category:Metaverse using HotCat Remove category that is a buzzword
 
imported>NowyouseemeAJC
m updated the number of member companies in the opening line
 
Line 15: Line 15:
| predecessor =  
| predecessor =  
}}
}}
'''The Khronos Group, Inc.''' is an [[Open standard|open]], [[Nonprofit organization|non-profit]], member-driven [[consortium]] of 170 organizations developing, publishing and maintaining royalty-free interoperability standards for [[3D graphics]], [[virtual reality]], [[augmented reality]], [[parallel computation]], vision acceleration and [[machine learning]].<ref name="dirmag">{{cite web |title=OGC seeking participants in the Second Interoperable Simulation and Gaming Sprint |url=https://www.directionsmag.com/pressrelease/10658 |website=directionsmag.com |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819185509/https://www.directionsmag.com/pressrelease/10658 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="sigg">{{cite web |title=Khronos Outlook and Web3D Consortium Town Hall |url=https://web3d.siggraph.org/tag/khronos/ |website=web3d.siggraph.org |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=November 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128193332/https://web3d.siggraph.org/tag/khronos/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The open standards and associated conformance tests enable software applications and middleware to effectively harness authoring and accelerated playback of dynamic media across a wide variety of platforms and devices. The group is based in [[Beaverton, Oregon]].<ref name="linux">{{cite web |title=Khronos and EMVA collaborate on embedded camera standards |url=http://linuxgizmos.com/khronos-and-emva-collaborate-on-embedded-camera-standards/ |website=linuxgizmos.com |date=February 24, 2021 |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=February 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224225041/http://linuxgizmos.com/khronos-and-emva-collaborate-on-embedded-camera-standards/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
'''The Khronos Group, Inc.''' is an [[Open standard|open standards]] organization that is driven by over 180 member companies developing, publishing and maintaining royalty-free interoperability standards for [[3D graphics]], [[virtual reality]], [[augmented reality]], [[parallel computation]], vision acceleration and [[machine learning]].<ref name="dirmag">{{cite web |last=Peddie |first=Jon |date=November 3, 2025 |title=Khronos has given us 25 years of stability |url=https://www.jonpeddie.com/news/khronos-has-given-us-25-years-of-stability/ |url-status=live |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=December 9, 2025 |website=Jon Peddie Research}}</ref><ref name="sigg">{{cite web |title=Khronos Outlook and Web3D Consortium Town Hall |url=https://web3d.siggraph.org/tag/khronos/ |website=web3d.siggraph.org |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=November 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128193332/https://web3d.siggraph.org/tag/khronos/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The open standards and associated conformance tests enable software applications and middleware to effectively harness authoring and accelerated playback of dynamic media across a wide variety of platforms and devices. The group is based in [[Beaverton, Oregon]].<ref name="linux">{{cite web |title=Khronos and EMVA collaborate on embedded camera standards |url=http://linuxgizmos.com/khronos-and-emva-collaborate-on-embedded-camera-standards/ |website=linuxgizmos.com |date=February 24, 2021 |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=February 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224225041/http://linuxgizmos.com/khronos-and-emva-collaborate-on-embedded-camera-standards/ |url-status=live }}</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
The Khronos Group was founded in 2000 by companies including [[3Dlabs]], [[ATI Technologies|ATI]], [[Autodesk Media and Entertainment|Discreet]], [[Evans & Sutherland]], [[Intel Corporation|Intel]], [[Silicon Graphics|SGI]], and [[Sun Microsystems]].<ref name="sigg"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/members/conformant |title=Khronos Group Conformant members|date=April 13, 2023 }}</ref> Promoter members include [[AMD]], [[Apple Inc.|Apple]], [[ARM architecture|Arm]], [[Epic Games]], [[Google]], [[Huawei]], [[Nokia]], [[Imagination Technologies|Imagination]], [[Intel]], [[Nvidia]], [[Qualcomm]], [[Samsung]], [[Sony]], [[Valve Corporation|Valve]] and Verisilicon.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Blackert|first=Axel|date=2016|title=Evaluation of Multi-Threading in Vulkan|s2cid=16990966|language=en}}</ref> Its president is [[Neil Trevett]].<ref name="eet">{{cite web |last1=Yoshida |first1=Junko |title=Looking for APIs that Sit Between Sensors and Vehicle Apps? |url=https://www.eetimes.com/looking-for-apis-that-sit-between-sensors-and-vehicle-apps/ |website=eetimes.com |date=February 22, 2021 |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819185508/https://www.eetimes.com/looking-for-apis-that-sit-between-sensors-and-vehicle-apps/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
The Khronos Group was founded in 2000 by companies including [[3Dlabs]], [[ATI Technologies|ATI]], [[Autodesk Media and Entertainment|Discreet]], [[Evans & Sutherland]], [[Intel Corporation|Intel]], [[Silicon Graphics|SGI]], and [[Sun Microsystems]].<ref name="sigg"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/members/conformant |title=Khronos Group Conformant members|date=April 13, 2023 }}</ref> Promoter members include [[AMD]], [[Apple Inc.|Apple]], [[ARM architecture|Arm]], [[Epic Games]], [[Google]], [[Huawei]], [[Nokia]], [[Imagination Technologies|Imagination]], [[Intel]], [[Nvidia]], [[Qualcomm]], [[Samsung]], [[Sony]], [[Valve Corporation|Valve]] and Verisilicon.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Blackert|first=Axel|date=2016|title=Evaluation of Multi-Threading in Vulkan|s2cid=16990966|language=en}}</ref> Its president is [[Neil Trevett]].<ref name="eet">{{cite web |last1=Yoshida |first1=Junko |title=Looking for APIs that Sit Between Sensors and Vehicle Apps? |url=https://www.eetimes.com/looking-for-apis-that-sit-between-sensors-and-vehicle-apps/ |website=eetimes.com |date=February 22, 2021 |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819185508/https://www.eetimes.com/looking-for-apis-that-sit-between-sensors-and-vehicle-apps/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
==Exploratory groups==
Typically, Khronos first creates an exploratory group to gauge industry interest before creating a working group, which companies can join as members to assist in the development of the standard.<ref name="green">{{cite web |title=Khronos Group exploring industry interest for new open standard for high performance embedded computing (HPEC) applications |url=https://www.greencarcongress.com/2019/01/20190117-khronos.html |access-date=19 August 2021 |website=greencarcongress.com |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819191009/https://www.greencarcongress.com/2019/01/20190117-khronos.html |url-status=live }}</ref>


== Specifications and working groups ==
== Specifications and working groups ==
{{See also|OpenGL Architecture Review Board|l1=The Khronos OpenGL Architecture Review Board Working Group}}
Each specification / standard is managed by a working group which is established to define the requirements, solicit input, discuss, and create a specification.<ref name="dirmag"/> There are currently 16 working groups.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-29 |title=The Khronos Group |url=https://www.khronos.org/about/working-group-officers |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=The Khronos Group |language=en |archive-date=June 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629092655/https://www.khronos.org/about/working-group-officers |url-status=live }}</ref>
Each specification / standard is managed by a working group which is established to define the requirements, solicit input, discuss, and create a specification.<ref name="dirmag"/> There are currently 16 working groups.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-29 |title=The Khronos Group |url=https://www.khronos.org/about/working-group-officers |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=The Khronos Group |language=en |archive-date=June 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629092655/https://www.khronos.org/about/working-group-officers |url-status=live }}</ref>


==Standards and other activities==
==Active Standards==
=== Active standards ===
 
* 3D Commerce, universal guidelines, standards and certifications for 3D content creation and distribution in e-commerce<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-28 |title=3D Commerce - Render Everything Everywhere |url=https://www.khronos.org// |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=The Khronos Group |language=en |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117224635/https://www.khronos.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The future of pervasive 3D |url=https://rapidcompact.com/pervasive-3d-interview-neil-trevett/ |website=rapidcompact.com |date=December 8, 2020 |access-date=19 August 2021}}</ref>
* 3D Commerce, universal guidelines, standards and certifications for 3D content creation and distribution in e-commerce<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-28 |title=3D Commerce - Render Everything Everywhere |url=https://www.khronos.org// |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=The Khronos Group |language=en |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117224635/https://www.khronos.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The future of pervasive 3D |url=https://rapidcompact.com/pervasive-3d-interview-neil-trevett/ |website=rapidcompact.com |date=December 8, 2020 |access-date=19 August 2021}}</ref>
* ANARI, Analytic Rendering Interface for Data Visualization
* ANARI, Analytic Rendering Interface for Data Visualization
* Camera, working on interoperable camera API standards for embedded systems, a cooperation with the European Machine Vision Association (EMVA)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-19 |title=Camera |url=https://www.khronos.org// |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=The Khronos Group |language=en |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117224635/https://www.khronos.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[COLLADA]], a file-format intended to facilitate interchange of 3D assets
*[[COLLADA]], a file-format intended to facilitate interchange of 3D assets
* [[EGL (API)|EGL]], an interface between Khronos rendering APIs (such as OpenGL ES or OpenVG) and the underlying native platform [[window system]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/egl/ |title=EGL Overview |publisher=Khronos website |date=October 15, 2009 |access-date=September 29, 2014 |archive-date=April 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417051935/https://www.khronos.org/egl/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[EGL (API)|EGL]], an interface between rendering APIs (such as OpenGL ES) and the native [[window system]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/egl/ |title=EGL Overview |publisher=Khronos website |date=October 15, 2009 |access-date=September 29, 2014 |archive-date=April 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417051935/https://www.khronos.org/egl/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[glTF]], a file format specification for 3D scenes and models<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/gltf |title=glTF |publisher=Khronos website |date=September 2, 2016 |access-date=September 2, 2016 |archive-date=April 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421193444/https://www.khronos.org/gltf/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[glTF]], a file format specification for 3D scenes and models<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/gltf |title=glTF |publisher=Khronos website |date=September 2, 2016 |access-date=September 2, 2016 |archive-date=April 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421193444/https://www.khronos.org/gltf/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Kamaros, a cross-platform API for programming camera and sensor hardware, and ISP processing<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-19 |title=Camera |url=https://www.khronos.org// |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=The Khronos Group |language=en |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117224635/https://www.khronos.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* KTX, a container file format for storing [[GPU]]-ready texture data<ref name="ktx">{{cite web |title=Khronos Ratifies KTX 2.0 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Khronox-KTX2-Format |website=phoronix.com |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819185508/https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Khronox-KTX2-Format |url-status=live }}</ref>
* KTX, a container file format for storing [[GPU]]-ready texture data<ref name="ktx">{{cite web |title=Khronos Ratifies KTX 2.0 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Khronox-KTX2-Format |website=phoronix.com |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819185508/https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Khronox-KTX2-Format |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Neural Network Exchange Format|NNEF]] reduces machine learning deployment fragmentation by enabling a rich mix of neural network training tools and inference engines to be used by applications across a diverse range of devices and platforms<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/nnef |title=Neural Network Exchange Format (NNEF) |date=October 4, 2016 |access-date=October 30, 2018 |archive-date=October 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030090734/https://www.khronos.org/nnef |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Neural Network Exchange Format|NNEF]] reduces machine learning deployment fragmentation by enabling a rich mix of neural network training tools and inference engines to be used by applications across a diverse range of devices and platforms<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/nnef |title=Neural Network Exchange Format (NNEF) |date=October 4, 2016 |access-date=October 30, 2018 |archive-date=October 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030090734/https://www.khronos.org/nnef |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[OpenCL]], a [[Cross-platform software|cross-platform]] computation API<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/news/press/releases/khronos_launches_heterogeneous_computing_initiative/ |title=Khronos launches heterogeneous computing initiative |publisher=Khronos press release |date=June 16, 2008 |access-date=September 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620123431/http://www.khronos.org/news/press/releases/khronos_launches_heterogeneous_computing_initiative/ |archive-date=June 20, 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Khronos Announces OpenCL 3.0 |url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/15746/opencl-30-announced-hitting-reset-on-compute-frameworks |website=anandtech.com |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=September 10, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910010359/https://www.anandtech.com/show/15746/opencl-30-announced-hitting-reset-on-compute-frameworks |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[OpenCL]], a [[Cross-platform software|cross-platform]] computation API<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/news/press/releases/khronos_launches_heterogeneous_computing_initiative/ |title=Khronos launches heterogeneous computing initiative |publisher=Khronos press release |date=June 16, 2008 |access-date=September 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620123431/http://www.khronos.org/news/press/releases/khronos_launches_heterogeneous_computing_initiative/ |archive-date=June 20, 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Khronos Announces OpenCL 3.0 |url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/15746/opencl-30-announced-hitting-reset-on-compute-frameworks |website=anandtech.com |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=September 10, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910010359/https://www.anandtech.com/show/15746/opencl-30-announced-hitting-reset-on-compute-frameworks |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[OpenGL]], a cross-platform computer graphics API<ref>{{cite web |title=WebGL 2.0—Why It's the Path to Stable Open Standards-based 3D Web Graphics |url=https://architosh.com/2019/02/webgl-2-0-why-its-the-path-to-stable-open-standards-based-3d-web-graphics/ |website=architosh.com |date=February 12, 2019 |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=September 10, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910010400/https://architosh.com/2019/02/webgl-2-0-why-its-the-path-to-stable-open-standards-based-3d-web-graphics/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[OpenGL]], a cross-platform computer graphics API<ref>{{cite web |title=WebGL 2.0—Why It's the Path to Stable Open Standards-based 3D Web Graphics |url=https://architosh.com/2019/02/webgl-2-0-why-its-the-path-to-stable-open-standards-based-3d-web-graphics/ |website=architosh.com |date=February 12, 2019 |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=September 10, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910010400/https://architosh.com/2019/02/webgl-2-0-why-its-the-path-to-stable-open-standards-based-3d-web-graphics/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
** [[OpenGL ES]], a derivative of OpenGL for use on mobile and embedded systems, such as [[cell phones]], portable gaming devices, and more
* [[OpenGL ES]], a derivative of OpenGL for use on mobile and embedded systems, such as [[cell phones]], portable gaming devices, and more
** [[OpenGL SC]], a safety critical profile of OpenGL ES designed to meet the needs of the safety-critical market
* [[OpenGL SC]], a safety critical profile of OpenGL ES designed to meet the needs of the safety-critical market
* [[OpenVG]], an API for accelerating processing of 2D [[vector graphics]]
* [[OpenVG]], an API for accelerating processing of 2D [[vector graphics]]
* [[OpenVX]], Hardware acceleration API for [[Computer Vision]] applications and libraries
* [[OpenVX]], Hardware acceleration API for [[Computer Vision]] applications and libraries
* [[OpenXR]], an open and royalty-free standard for [[virtual reality]] and [[augmented reality]] applications and devices<ref>{{cite web |title=Khronos Group announces multiple OpenXR conformant devices |url=https://www.auganix.org/khronos-group-announces-multiple-openxr-conformant-devices-and-platforms-from-microsoft-oculus-and-others/ |website=auganix.org |date=July 29, 2020 |access-date=19 August 2021}}</ref>
* [[OpenXR]], an open and royalty-free standard for [[virtual reality]] and [[augmented reality]] applications and devices<ref>{{cite web |title=Khronos Group announces multiple OpenXR conformant devices |url=https://www.auganix.org/khronos-group-announces-multiple-openxr-conformant-devices-and-platforms-from-microsoft-oculus-and-others/ |website=auganix.org |date=July 29, 2020 |access-date=19 August 2021}}</ref>
* [[Standard Portable Intermediate Representation|SPIR]], an intermediate compiler target for OpenCL and Vulkan
* Slang, open-source [[shading language]] and compiler/[[transpiler]] that targets existing shading languages (GLSL, [[Metal (API)|MSL]], CUDA, [[WebGPU Shading Language|WGSL]]), bytecodes (D3D11, D3D12, Vulkan [[SPIR-V]]) as well as the CPU. Mostly source code compatible with HLSL and GLSL.<ref>{{cite web |title=shader-slang/slang |url=https://github.com/shader-slang/slang |publisher=The Slang Shading Language |date=8 December 2025}}</ref>
* [[Standard Portable Intermediate Representation |SPIR-V]], an intermediate compiler target for OpenCL and Vulkan
* [[SYCL]], a single-source [[C++]] [[DSEL]] for [[heterogeneous computing]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Khronos Releases SYCL 2020 Specification |url=https://insidehpc.com/2021/02/khronos-releases-sycl-2020-specification-closer-alignment-with-iso-c/ |website=insidehpc.com |date=February 9, 2021 |access-date=19 August 2021}}</ref>
* [[SYCL]], a single-source [[C++]] [[DSEL]] for [[heterogeneous computing]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Khronos Releases SYCL 2020 Specification |url=https://insidehpc.com/2021/02/khronos-releases-sycl-2020-specification-closer-alignment-with-iso-c/ |website=insidehpc.com |date=February 9, 2021 |access-date=19 August 2021}}</ref>
* [[Vulkan (API)|Vulkan]], a low-overhead computer graphics API<ref>{{cite web |title=Khronos releases Vulkan 1.0 specification for GPU use |url=https://gfxspeak.com/2016/02/16/khronos-releases-vulkan-specification/ |website=gfxspeak.com |date=February 16, 2016 |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=September 10, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910010515/https://gfxspeak.com/archives/khronos-releases-vulkan-specification/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Vulkan (API)|Vulkan]], a low-overhead computer graphics API<ref>{{cite web |title=Khronos releases Vulkan 1.0 specification for GPU use |url=https://gfxspeak.com/2016/02/16/khronos-releases-vulkan-specification/ |website=gfxspeak.com |date=February 16, 2016 |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=September 10, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910010515/https://gfxspeak.com/archives/khronos-releases-vulkan-specification/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
** [[Vulkan (API)#Vulkan SC|Vulkan SC]], based on the existing Vulkan API specification to enable safety critical industries
* [[Vulkan (API)#Vulkan SC|Vulkan SC]], based on the existing Vulkan API specification to enable safety critical industries
* [[WebGL]], a [[JavaScript]] binding to [[OpenGL ES]] within a browser on any platform supporting the OpenGL or OpenGL ES graphics standards
* [[WebGL]], a [[JavaScript]] binding to [[OpenGL ES]] within a browser on any platform supporting the OpenGL or OpenGL ES graphics standards


A timeline of API Specification ratification and releases can be found on the Khronos Group website.<ref>{{cite web |title=Khronos Timeline |url=https://www.khronos.org/about/timeline |website=khronos.org |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819185508/https://www.khronos.org/about/timeline |url-status=live }}</ref>
A timeline of API Specification ratification and releases can be found on the Khronos Group website.<ref>{{cite web |title=Khronos Timeline |url=https://www.khronos.org/about/timeline |website=khronos.org |access-date=19 August 2021 |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819185508/https://www.khronos.org/about/timeline |url-status=live }}</ref>


=== Exploratory Groups ===
==Exploratory Groups and Councils==
Typically, Khronos first creates an exploratory group to gauge industry interest before creating a working group, which companies can join as members to assist in the development of the standard.<ref name="green">{{cite web |title=Khronos Group exploring industry interest for new open standard for high performance embedded computing (HPEC) applications |url=https://www.greencarcongress.com/2019/01/20190117-khronos.html |access-date=19 August 2021 |website=greencarcongress.com |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819191009/https://www.greencarcongress.com/2019/01/20190117-khronos.html |url-status=live }}</ref>


* HetComm Exploratory, working on a new low level API to facilitate communication between hardware components in heterogenous systems<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-08-01 |title=Exploratory Group - Heterogeneous Communication |url=https://www.khronos.org// |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=The Khronos Group |language=en |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117224635/https://www.khronos.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Machine Learning Council, a collaborative forum composed of Khronos member companies working to ensure that Khronos AI and ML related standards evolve in line with industry needs. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-20 |title=Khronos Machine Learning |url=https://www.khronos.org/machine-learning/ |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=The Khronos Group |language=en |archive-date=September 10, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910010401/https://www.khronos.org/machine-learning/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ML | Machine Learning Forum, standards on machine learning<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-20 |title=Khronos Machine Learning |url=https://www.khronos.org/machine-learning/ |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=The Khronos Group |language=en |archive-date=September 10, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910010401/https://www.khronos.org/machine-learning/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* SYCL, a single-source C++ DSEL for heterogeneous computing<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-23 |title=SYCL SC |url=https://www.khronos.org// |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=The Khronos Group |language=en |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117224635/https://www.khronos.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> (already a standard)


=== Other activities ===
=== Other activities ===
Line 61: Line 59:
* Member of the Metaverse Standards Forum, working on development of interoperability standards for an inclusive and open [[metaverse]], in conjunction with other international standards organizations<ref>{{Cite web |last=jriordon |title=The Metaverse Standards Forum |url=https://metaverse-standards.org/ |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=Metaverse Standards Forum |language=en-US |archive-date=June 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629042430/https://metaverse-standards.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Member of the Metaverse Standards Forum, working on development of interoperability standards for an inclusive and open [[metaverse]], in conjunction with other international standards organizations<ref>{{Cite web |last=jriordon |title=The Metaverse Standards Forum |url=https://metaverse-standards.org/ |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=Metaverse Standards Forum |language=en-US |archive-date=June 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629042430/https://metaverse-standards.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>


=== Inactive standards ===
=== Inactive Standards & Exploratory Groups===
* OpenML, an API for capturing, transporting, processing, displaying, and synchronizing digital media
* OpenML, an API for capturing, transporting, processing, displaying, and synchronizing digital media
* [[OpenKODE]], an API for providing abstracted, portable access to operating system resources such as file systems, networks and math libraries
* [[OpenKODE]], an API for providing abstracted, portable access to operating system resources such as file systems, networks and math libraries
Line 70: Line 68:
* StreamInput, an API for consistently handling input devices
* StreamInput, an API for consistently handling input devices
* [[WebCL]], a [[JavaScript]] binding to [[OpenCL]] within a browser
* [[WebCL]], a [[JavaScript]] binding to [[OpenCL]] within a browser
* HetComm Exploratory Group worked on a low level API to facilitate communication between hardware components in heterogenous systems<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-08-01 |title=Exploratory Group - Heterogeneous Communication |url=https://www.khronos.org// |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=The Khronos Group |language=en |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117224635/https://www.khronos.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>


==Members==
==Members==
Line 81: Line 80:
*'''Academic''': Full working group participation. Available to accredited academic institutions.
*'''Academic''': Full working group participation. Available to accredited academic institutions.
*'''Associate''': Full working group participation. Available to companies with up to 100 employees.
*'''Associate''': Full working group participation. Available to companies with up to 100 employees.
== External links ==
* [https://theswissbay.ch/pdf/Gentoomen%20Library/Game%20Development/Programming/OpenGL%20Reference%20Manual.pdf OpenGL Reference Manual]
* [https://theswissbay.ch/pdf/Gentoomen%20Library/Computer%20Graphics/OpenGL%20Programming%20Guide%2C%207th%20Edition.pdf OpenGL Programming Guild]
* [https://registry.khronos.org/OpenGL/specs/gl/GLSLangSpec.4.60.pdf The OpenGL Shading Language (GLSL) Version 4.60]
* [https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/latest/pdf/vkspec.pdf Vulkan 1.4 Specification (PDF)]
* [https://docs.nvidia.com/drive/drive_os_5.1.6.1L/nvvib_docs/DRIVE_OS_Linux_SDK_Development_Guide/baggage/GLSL_ES_Specification_3.20.withchanges.pdf GLSL ES v3.20 Specification]
* [https://registry.khronos.org/OpenGL/specs/gl/glspec46.core.pdf OpenGL 4.6 Core Profile Specification]


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 22:54, 9 December 2025

Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". The Khronos Group, Inc. is an open standards organization that is driven by over 180 member companies developing, publishing and maintaining royalty-free interoperability standards for 3D graphics, virtual reality, augmented reality, parallel computation, vision acceleration and machine learning.[1][2] The open standards and associated conformance tests enable software applications and middleware to effectively harness authoring and accelerated playback of dynamic media across a wide variety of platforms and devices. The group is based in Beaverton, Oregon.[3]

History

The Khronos Group was founded in 2000 by companies including 3Dlabs, ATI, Discreet, Evans & Sutherland, Intel, SGI, and Sun Microsystems.[2][4] Promoter members include AMD, Apple, Arm, Epic Games, Google, Huawei, Nokia, Imagination, Intel, Nvidia, Qualcomm, Samsung, Sony, Valve and Verisilicon.[5] Its president is Neil Trevett.[6]

Specifications and working groups

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Each specification / standard is managed by a working group which is established to define the requirements, solicit input, discuss, and create a specification.[1] There are currently 16 working groups.[7]

Active Standards

  • 3D Commerce, universal guidelines, standards and certifications for 3D content creation and distribution in e-commerce[8][9]
  • ANARI, Analytic Rendering Interface for Data Visualization
  • COLLADA, a file-format intended to facilitate interchange of 3D assets
  • EGL, an interface between rendering APIs (such as OpenGL ES) and the native window system[10]
  • glTF, a file format specification for 3D scenes and models[11]
  • Kamaros, a cross-platform API for programming camera and sensor hardware, and ISP processing[12]
  • KTX, a container file format for storing GPU-ready texture data[13]
  • NNEF reduces machine learning deployment fragmentation by enabling a rich mix of neural network training tools and inference engines to be used by applications across a diverse range of devices and platforms[14]
  • OpenCL, a cross-platform computation API[15][16]
  • OpenGL, a cross-platform computer graphics API[17]
  • OpenGL ES, a derivative of OpenGL for use on mobile and embedded systems, such as cell phones, portable gaming devices, and more
  • OpenGL SC, a safety critical profile of OpenGL ES designed to meet the needs of the safety-critical market
  • OpenVG, an API for accelerating processing of 2D vector graphics
  • OpenVX, Hardware acceleration API for Computer Vision applications and libraries
  • OpenXR, an open and royalty-free standard for virtual reality and augmented reality applications and devices[18]
  • Slang, open-source shading language and compiler/transpiler that targets existing shading languages (GLSL, MSL, CUDA, WGSL), bytecodes (D3D11, D3D12, Vulkan SPIR-V) as well as the CPU. Mostly source code compatible with HLSL and GLSL.[19]
  • SPIR-V, an intermediate compiler target for OpenCL and Vulkan
  • SYCL, a single-source C++ DSEL for heterogeneous computing[20]
  • Vulkan, a low-overhead computer graphics API[21]
  • Vulkan SC, based on the existing Vulkan API specification to enable safety critical industries
  • WebGL, a JavaScript binding to OpenGL ES within a browser on any platform supporting the OpenGL or OpenGL ES graphics standards

A timeline of API Specification ratification and releases can be found on the Khronos Group website.[22]

Exploratory Groups and Councils

Typically, Khronos first creates an exploratory group to gauge industry interest before creating a working group, which companies can join as members to assist in the development of the standard.[23]

  • Machine Learning Council, a collaborative forum composed of Khronos member companies working to ensure that Khronos AI and ML related standards evolve in line with industry needs. [24]

Other activities

  • Member of the Metaverse Standards Forum, working on development of interoperability standards for an inclusive and open metaverse, in conjunction with other international standards organizations[25]

Inactive Standards & Exploratory Groups

  • OpenML, an API for capturing, transporting, processing, displaying, and synchronizing digital media
  • OpenKODE, an API for providing abstracted, portable access to operating system resources such as file systems, networks and math libraries
  • OpenKCam, Advanced Camera Control API
  • OpenMAX, a layered set of three programming interfaces of various abstraction levels, providing access to multimedia functionality
  • OpenSL ES, an audio API tuned for embedded systems, standardizing access to features such as 3D positional audio and MIDI playback
  • OpenWF, APIs for 2D graphics composition and display control
  • StreamInput, an API for consistently handling input devices
  • WebCL, a JavaScript binding to OpenCL within a browser
  • HetComm Exploratory Group worked on a low level API to facilitate communication between hardware components in heterogenous systems[26]

Members

Membership and contributions

Khronos members may contribute to the development of Khronos API specifications, vote at various stages before public deployment, and accelerate delivery of their platforms and applications through early access to specification drafts and conformance tests.[1] To ensure that the standards are consistently implemented and to create a reliable platform for developers, any product that implements a Khronos API standard must pass conformance tests. An API Adopter Program enables companies to test their products for conformance.[27] Membership in Khronos Group provides access to an IP framework designed to protect participant IP. Khronos members agree not to assert IP rights against adopters implementing Khronos specifications. The IP framework protects Khronos members from exposure to patent lawsuits and reduces the amount of IP that needs to be licensed from other group members.[28]

Membership levels

  • Promoter: Full working group participation with voting rights, plus the right to designate a Director to the Khronos Board.
  • Contributor: Full working group participation with voting rights.
  • Non-Profit: Full working group participation. Available to registered non-profit organizations.
  • Academic: Full working group participation. Available to accredited academic institutions.
  • Associate: Full working group participation. Available to companies with up to 100 employees.

External links

References

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

  1. ↑ a b c Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  11. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  25. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  26. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  27. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  28. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

External links

  • Script error: No such module "Official website".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".

Template:Khronos Group standards Template:Extended reality Template:Authority control

Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=Khronos_Group&oldid=5284730"