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'''Cache Valley' | '''Cache Valley''' is a valley of northern [[Utah]] and southeast [[Idaho]], United States, that includes the [[Logan metropolitan area]].<ref name="gnis">{{cite gnis|1426257|Cache Valley}}</ref> The valley was used by [[Timeline of the American Old West|19th century mountain men]] and was the site of the 1863 [[Bear River Massacre]] of 250 to 400 [[Shoshone]] people.{{efn|name=Estimates}} The name, Cache Valley is often used synonymously to describe the Logan Metropolitan Area, one of the fastest growing metro areas in the US per capita — both in terms of economic GDP and population. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
[[File:Cachevalley.jpg|thumb|left|View across Cache Valley from [[North Logan, Utah|North Logan]], [[Utah]], June 2009]] | [[File:Cachevalley.jpg|thumb|left|View across Cache Valley from [[North Logan, Utah|North Logan]], [[Utah]], June 2009]] | ||
Alongside habitation by the [[Shoshone]] and other [[indigenous peoples of the United States|indigenous peoples]], European explorer Michel Bourdon discovered Cache Valley {{circa}}1818 during a [[Donald Mackenzie (explorer)|MacKenzie fur expedition]]. The valley was subsequently used for the second of the annual gatherings of [[mountain man|mountain men]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://history.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/0244.pdf|title=The Early Bear River Fur Trade: Bear Lake and Cache Valley|website=History.Idaho.gov|series=Reference Series|publisher=[[Idaho State Historical Society]]|year=1985}}</ref> Many of the trappers who worked in the valley came from the Hudson's Bay Company, the Northwest Fur Company, and the Rocky Mountain Fur Company.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/81975-redirection|title=The History of a Valley: Cache Valley, Utah-Idaho|editor-last=Ricks|editor-first=Joel E|editor-last2=Cooley|editor-first2=Everett L|publisher=[[Deseret News]]|year=1956|location=Logan, Utah| | Alongside habitation by the [[Shoshone]] and other [[indigenous peoples of the United States|indigenous peoples]], European explorer Michel Bourdon discovered Cache Valley {{circa}}1818 during a [[Donald Mackenzie (explorer)|MacKenzie fur expedition]]. The valley was subsequently used for the second of the annual gatherings of [[mountain man|mountain men]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://history.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/0244.pdf|title=The Early Bear River Fur Trade: Bear Lake and Cache Valley|website=History.Idaho.gov|series=Reference Series|publisher=[[Idaho State Historical Society]]|year=1985}}</ref> Many of the trappers who worked in the valley came from the Hudson's Bay Company, the Northwest Fur Company, and the Rocky Mountain Fur Company.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/81975-redirection|title=The History of a Valley: Cache Valley, Utah-Idaho|editor-last=Ricks|editor-first=Joel E|editor-last2=Cooley|editor-first2=Everett L|publisher=[[Deseret News]]|year=1956|location=Logan, Utah|page=23|access-date=2 Oct 2015}}</ref> The name "Cache Valley" was derived by the [[North American fur trade|fur trappers]] who hid their trading goods in [[wikt:cache|cache]]s in that region.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=sa9SAAAAIBAJ&sjid=c38DAAAAIBAJ&pg=6741%2C5066695|title=You name it - there's a town for it|last=Van Atta|first=Dale|newspaper=[[Deseret News]]|location=Salt Lake City|page=15|date=22 Jan 1977|access-date=18 Oct 2015|via=[[Google News]]}}</ref> The use of caches was a method used by fur traders to protect their goods from theft and damage.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|url=https://dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE3996606&from=fhd|title=The History of Smithfield: Cache County, Utah|last=Olson|first=Leonard|publisher=[[Smithfield, Utah|City of Smithfield]]|year=1927|location=Smithfield, Utah|pages=16–17|access-date=2 Oct 2015}}{{Dead link|date=July 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z3Pqk9tazU4C&pg=PA61|title=Utah Place Names: A Comprehensive Guide to the Origins of Geographic Names: A Compilation|last=Van Cott|first=John W.|publisher=[[University of Utah Press]]|location=Salt Lake City|page=61|year=1990|access-date=16 Mar 2018|isbn=978-0-87480-345-7|oclc=797284427}}</ref> | ||
[[Mormonism|Latter-day Saint]] [[Archibald Gardner|William Gardner]] became the first Anglo-American permanent settler in 1852. Prior to the Mormon selection of the [[Salt Lake Valley]], [[Jim Bridger]] had recommended Cache Valley due to its relative abundance of fresh water. A Mormon settler group led by [[Peter Maughan]] arrived via [[Box Elder Canyon (Box Elder County, Utah)|Box Elder Canyon]] (commonly referred to as Sardine Canyon) in July 1856 and additional settlers arrived on September 15. | [[Mormonism|Latter-day Saint]] [[Archibald Gardner|William Gardner]] became the first Anglo-American permanent settler in 1852. Prior to the Mormon selection of the [[Salt Lake Valley]], [[Jim Bridger]] had recommended Cache Valley due to its relative abundance of fresh water. A Mormon settler group led by [[Peter Maughan]] arrived via [[Box Elder Canyon (Box Elder County, Utah)|Box Elder Canyon]] (commonly referred to as Sardine Canyon) in July 1856 and additional settlers arrived on September 15. | ||
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Early Anglo-American settlers of Cache Valley took a defensive stance toward the indigenous Native Americans by creating the Cache Valley Militia. Men from the various towns in Cache Valley nicknamed "minute men" volunteered to drill, serve as watchmen, and to ride to the aid of other colonies at the news of attacks and skirmishes.<ref name=":0" /> | Early Anglo-American settlers of Cache Valley took a defensive stance toward the indigenous Native Americans by creating the Cache Valley Militia. Men from the various towns in Cache Valley nicknamed "minute men" volunteered to drill, serve as watchmen, and to ride to the aid of other colonies at the news of attacks and skirmishes.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
On January 29, 1863, an expedition from [[Fort Douglas|Camp Douglas]], Utah to Cache Valley, the [[United States Army]] at the request of Cache Valley settlers attacked a [[Northern Shoshone]] village in the early morning at the confluence of the [[Bear River (Great Salt Lake)|Bear River]] and Beaver Creek (now [[Battle Creek (Idaho)|Battle Creek]]) in what became known as the [[Bear River Massacre]].<ref name=HistoryToGo>{{Cite encyclopedia|entry-url=https://historytogo.utah.gov/bear-river-massacre/|entry=Bear River Massacre|encyclopedia=Utah History Encyclopedia|date=1994|publisher=[[University of Utah Press]]|editor-last=Powell|editor-first=Allan Kent|last=Madsen|first=Brigham D.|author-link=Brigham D. Madsen}}</ref><ref name="Parry, Darren 2019">{{cite book |title=The Bear River Massacre: A Shoshone History |first=Darren |last=Parry |publisher=[[By Common Consent Press]] |year=2019 |isbn=978- | On January 29, 1863, an expedition from [[Fort Douglas|Camp Douglas]], Utah to Cache Valley, the [[United States Army]] at the request of Cache Valley settlers attacked a [[Northern Shoshone]] village in the early morning at the confluence of the [[Bear River (Great Salt Lake)|Bear River]] and Beaver Creek (now [[Battle Creek (Idaho)|Battle Creek]]) in what became known as the [[Bear River Massacre]].<ref name=HistoryToGo>{{Cite encyclopedia|entry-url=https://historytogo.utah.gov/bear-river-massacre/|entry=Bear River Massacre|encyclopedia=Utah History Encyclopedia|date=1994|publisher=[[University of Utah Press]]|editor-last=Powell|editor-first=Allan Kent|last=Madsen|first=Brigham D.|author-link=Brigham D. Madsen}}</ref><ref name="Parry, Darren 2019">{{cite book |title=The Bear River Massacre: A Shoshone History |first=Darren |last=Parry |publisher=[[By Common Consent Press]] |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-948218-20-7}}</ref> The number of victims was an estimated 250 to 400 children, women, and men,{{efn|name=Estimates|Estimates of the total number of victims (children, women, and men) killed vary, with some stated figures including 250,<ref name=HistoryToGo/><ref name=ShoshoniFrontier>{{cite book|first=Brigham D. |last=Madsen|title=The Shoshoni Frontier and the Bear River Massacre|date=1985|publisher=[[University of Utah Press]]|url=https://archive.org/details/shoshonifrontier0000mads/page/n5/mode/2up|isbn=978-0-87480-099-9|via=[[Internet Archive]]|url-access=registration|author-link=Brigham D. Madsen|location=Salt Lake City}}</ref>{{rp|p=192}} 350,<ref name=WorstSlaughter/> and 400.<ref name=Restoring/><ref name=SiteTour/>}} and some sources describe it as the largest [[List of Indian massacres in North America|mass murder of Native Americans]] by the US military,<ref name=Restoring>{{Cite web |publisher=[[Utah State University]] |title=Boa Ogoi: Restoring Sacred Land 150 years after the Bear River Massacre |url=https://www.usu.edu/today/story/boa-ogoi-restoring-sacred-land-150-years-after-the-bear-river-massacre |access-date=2025-01-31 |website=Utah State Today|last=Madsen|first=Marley|date=16 September 2020}}</ref><ref name=WorstSlaughter>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2021/09/26/bear-river-massacre-native-americans-shoshone/|newspaper=[[Washington Post]]|date=26 Sep 2021|title=This was the worst slaughter of Native Americans in U.S. history. Few remember it.|last=Hedgpeth|first=Dana}}</ref><ref name=SiteTour>{{Cite journal |last=Zenzen |first=Joan M. |date=2024 |title=Boa Ogoi Massacre Site Tour by Darren Parry (review) |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/263/article/934581 |journal=[[The Public Historian]] |publisher=[[National Council on Public History]] |doi=10.1525/tph.2024.46.3.89 |volume=46 |issue=3 |page=90 |issn=1533-8576|url-access=subscription }}</ref> and largest single episode of [[Native American genocide in the United States|genocide in US history]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Woodworth-Ney |first=Laura |date=2008 |title=Review of 'The Bear River Massacre and the Making of History'|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/17/article/231175 |journal=[[The American Indian Quarterly]] |publisher=[[University of Nebraska Press]]|volume=32 |issue=1 |page=113 |doi=10.1353/aiq.2008.0010 |issn=1534-1828|url-access=subscription }}</ref> | ||
==Communities== | ==Communities== | ||
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==Transportation== | ==Transportation== | ||
[[File:US Route 91 in the Cache Valley.jpg|thumb | [[File:US Route 91 in the Cache Valley.jpg|thumb|Looking north on [[U.S. Route 91 in Utah|US-91]] toward [[Richmond, Utah]]]] | ||
U.S. Highways [[U.S. Route 89 in Utah|89]] and [[U.S. Route 91 in Utah|91]] enter the valley from the southwest as one highway, and then separate in downtown Logan. US-89 goes northeast into [[Logan Canyon]], and thence to [[Bear Lake (Idaho-Utah)|Bear Lake]], a large lake in the area. US-91 goes due northward into Idaho and to reconnect with [[Interstate 15 in Idaho|I-15]]. Several state highways run through the valley: In Idaho, State Highways 34 and 36; and in Utah, [[Utah State Route 23|SR-23]], [[Utah State Route 30|SR-30]], [[Utah State Route 101|SR-101]], [[Utah State Route 142|SR-142]], [[Utah State Route 165|SR-165]], [[Utah State Route 200|SR-200]], and [[Utah State Route 218|SR-218]]. | U.S. Highways [[U.S. Route 89 in Utah|89]] and [[U.S. Route 91 in Utah|91]] enter the valley from the southwest as one highway, and then separate in downtown Logan. US-89 goes northeast into [[Logan Canyon]], and thence to [[Bear Lake (Idaho-Utah)|Bear Lake]], a large lake in the area. US-91 goes due northward into Idaho and to reconnect with [[Interstate 15 in Idaho|I-15]]. Several state highways run through the valley: In Idaho, State Highways 34 and 36; and in Utah, [[Utah State Route 23|SR-23]], [[Utah State Route 30|SR-30]], [[Utah State Route 101|SR-101]], [[Utah State Route 142|SR-142]], [[Utah State Route 165|SR-165]], [[Utah State Route 200|SR-200]], and [[Utah State Route 218|SR-218]]. | ||
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There are two airports in the valley, the [[Logan-Cache Airport]] and Preston Airport. Neither airport provides commercial service, however [[Salt Lake City International Airport]] is within driving distance (less than 2 hours). | There are two airports in the valley, the [[Logan-Cache Airport]] and Preston Airport. Neither airport provides commercial service, however [[Salt Lake City International Airport]] is within driving distance (less than 2 hours). | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
{{Portal|Utah|Geography}} | {{Portal|Utah|Geography}} | ||
* [[List of valleys of Utah]] | * [[List of valleys of Utah]] | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Commons category-inline|Cache Valley}} | |||
{{Reflist|22em}} | {{Reflist|22em}} | ||
{{Idaho}} | {{Idaho}} | ||
Latest revision as of 11:03, 23 September 2025
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "other uses". Template:Infobox valley
Cache Valley is a valley of northern Utah and southeast Idaho, United States, that includes the Logan metropolitan area.[1] The valley was used by 19th century mountain men and was the site of the 1863 Bear River Massacre of 250 to 400 Shoshone people.Template:Efn The name, Cache Valley is often used synonymously to describe the Logan Metropolitan Area, one of the fastest growing metro areas in the US per capita — both in terms of economic GDP and population.
History
Alongside habitation by the Shoshone and other indigenous peoples, European explorer Michel Bourdon discovered Cache Valley c.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".1818 during a MacKenzie fur expedition. The valley was subsequently used for the second of the annual gatherings of mountain men.[2] Many of the trappers who worked in the valley came from the Hudson's Bay Company, the Northwest Fur Company, and the Rocky Mountain Fur Company.[3] The name "Cache Valley" was derived by the fur trappers who hid their trading goods in caches in that region.[4] The use of caches was a method used by fur traders to protect their goods from theft and damage.[5][6]
Latter-day Saint William Gardner became the first Anglo-American permanent settler in 1852. Prior to the Mormon selection of the Salt Lake Valley, Jim Bridger had recommended Cache Valley due to its relative abundance of fresh water. A Mormon settler group led by Peter Maughan arrived via Box Elder Canyon (commonly referred to as Sardine Canyon) in July 1856 and additional settlers arrived on September 15.
Early Anglo-American settlers of Cache Valley took a defensive stance toward the indigenous Native Americans by creating the Cache Valley Militia. Men from the various towns in Cache Valley nicknamed "minute men" volunteered to drill, serve as watchmen, and to ride to the aid of other colonies at the news of attacks and skirmishes.[5]
On January 29, 1863, an expedition from Camp Douglas, Utah to Cache Valley, the United States Army at the request of Cache Valley settlers attacked a Northern Shoshone village in the early morning at the confluence of the Bear River and Beaver Creek (now Battle Creek) in what became known as the Bear River Massacre.[7][8] The number of victims was an estimated 250 to 400 children, women, and men,Template:Efn and some sources describe it as the largest mass murder of Native Americans by the US military,[9][10][11] and largest single episode of genocide in US history.[12]
Communities
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Cache County Communities:
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Franklin County Communities:
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Transportation
U.S. Highways 89 and 91 enter the valley from the southwest as one highway, and then separate in downtown Logan. US-89 goes northeast into Logan Canyon, and thence to Bear Lake, a large lake in the area. US-91 goes due northward into Idaho and to reconnect with I-15. Several state highways run through the valley: In Idaho, State Highways 34 and 36; and in Utah, SR-23, SR-30, SR-101, SR-142, SR-165, SR-200, and SR-218.
The valley is served by the Cache Valley Transit District (CVTD), a zero-fare bus system. CVTD primarily serves the Logan area however offers shuttle service to Preston.
There are two airports in the valley, the Logan-Cache Airport and Preston Airport. Neither airport provides commercial service, however Salt Lake City International Airport is within driving distance (less than 2 hours).
See also
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Notes
References
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