Timeline of motor and engine technology: Difference between revisions
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[[File:SERT-1 spacecraft.jpg|thumb|First ion engine, NASA, 1964]] | [[File:SERT-1 spacecraft.jpg|thumb|First ion engine, NASA, 1964]] | ||
* 1903 – [http://epizodsspace.airbase.ru/bibl/dorev-knigi/ciolkovskiy/issl-03st.html The Exploration of Cosmic Space by Means of Reaction Devices] was published by [[Konstantin Tsiolkovsky]] | * 1903 – [http://epizodsspace.airbase.ru/bibl/dorev-knigi/ciolkovskiy/issl-03st.html The Exploration of Cosmic Space by Means of Reaction Devices] was published by [[Konstantin Tsiolkovsky]] | ||
* 1905 – Alfred Büchi patents the [[turbocharger]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Turbochargers – USC Viterbi School of Engineering |url=https://illumin.usc.edu/turbochargers/ |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=illumin.usc.edu}}</ref> | * 1905 – Alfred Büchi patents the [[turbocharger]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Turbochargers – USC Viterbi School of Engineering |url=https://illumin.usc.edu/turbochargers/ |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=illumin.usc.edu |date=3 October 2005 }}</ref> | ||
* 1913 – [[René Lorin]] invents the [[ramjet]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-12 |title=Ramjet {{!}} Supersonic, Jet Engines, Propulsion {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/ramjet |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> | * 1913 – [[René Lorin]] invents the [[ramjet]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-12 |title=Ramjet {{!}} Supersonic, Jet Engines, Propulsion {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/ramjet |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> | ||
* 1915 – [[Leonard Dyer]] invents a [[six-stroke engine]], now known as the [[Crower six stroke|Crower six-stroke engine]] named after his reinventor [[Bruce Crower]]. | * 1915 – [[Leonard Dyer]] invents a [[six-stroke engine]], now known as the [[Crower six stroke|Crower six-stroke engine]] named after his reinventor [[Bruce Crower]]. | ||
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* 1954 – [[Felix Wankel]] creates the first working [[Wankel engine]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Wankel rotary engine |encyclopedia=World Encyclopedia |date=2004 |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001/acref-9780199546091-e-12309 |access-date=2024-08-02 |publisher=Philip's |language=en |doi=10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-954609-1|url-access=subscription }}</ref> | * 1954 – [[Felix Wankel]] creates the first working [[Wankel engine]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Wankel rotary engine |encyclopedia=World Encyclopedia |date=2004 |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001/acref-9780199546091-e-12309 |access-date=2024-08-02 |publisher=Philip's |language=en |doi=10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-954609-1|url-access=subscription }}</ref> | ||
* 1957 – Rambler Rebel announced [http://www.oldcarsweekly.com/restoration/restoration-tips/1957_amc_rambler_rebel Electrojector] electronic fuel injection option, however no production models were offered with the option. | * 1957 – Rambler Rebel announced [http://www.oldcarsweekly.com/restoration/restoration-tips/1957_amc_rambler_rebel Electrojector] electronic fuel injection option, however no production models were offered with the option. | ||
* 1964 – [[Ion engine]] invented.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Webb-Mack |first=Zoë |title=A Brief History of Ion Propulsion |url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/news/723/a-brief-history-of-ion-propulsion |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=NASA Solar System Exploration}}</ref> | * 1964 – [[Ion engine]] invented.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Webb-Mack |first=Zoë |title=A Brief History of Ion Propulsion |url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/news/723/a-brief-history-of-ion-propulsion |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=NASA Solar System Exploration |date=17 July 2023 }}</ref> | ||
* 1966 – [[RD-0410]] [[nuclear thermal rocket]] engine was ground-tested. | * 1966 – [[RD-0410]] [[nuclear thermal rocket]] engine was ground-tested. | ||
* 1960s – [[alternator (auto)|alternator]]s replace generators on automobile engines.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-12 |title=Alternator {{!}} Generator, Voltage Regulator & AC Power {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/alternator |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> | * 1960s – [[alternator (auto)|alternator]]s replace generators on automobile engines.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-12 |title=Alternator {{!}} Generator, Voltage Regulator & AC Power {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/alternator |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> | ||
Latest revision as of 17:32, 11 December 2025
Timeline of motor and engine technology
- (c. 30–70 AD) – Hero of Alexandria describes the first documented steam-powered device, the aeolipile.[1]
- 13th century – Chinese chronicles wrote about a solid-rocket motor used in warfare.
- 1698 – Thomas Savery builds a steam-powered water pump for pumping water out of mines.[2]
- 1712 – Thomas Newcomen builds a piston-and-cylinder steam-powered water pump for pumping water out of mines.[3]
- 1769 – James Watt patents his first improved steam engine.[4]
19th Century
- 1806 – François Isaac de Rivaz invented a hydrogen powered engine, the first successful internal combustion engine.
- 1807 – Nicéphore Niépce and his brother Claude build a fluid piston internal combustion engine, the Pyréolophore and use it to power a boat up the river Saône.
- 1816 – Robert Stirling invented his hot air Stirling engine, and what we now call a "regenerator".[5][6]
- 1821 – Michael Faraday builds an electricity-powered motor.
- 1824 – Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot first publishes that the efficiency of a heat engine depends on the temperature difference between an engine and its environment.
- 1837 – First American patent for an electric motor (U.S. patent 132).
- 1850 – The first explicit statement of the first and second law of thermodynamics, given by Rudolf Clausius.[7]
- 1860 – Lenoir 2 cycle engine[8]
- 1872 – Brayton Engine
- 1877 – Nicolaus Otto patents a four-stroke internal combustion engine (U.S. patent 194047).[9]
- 1882 – James Atkinson invents the Atkinson cycle engine, now common in some hybrid vehicles.
- 1885 – Gottlieb Daimler patents the first supercharger.
- 1886 – Hot-bulb engine was established by Herbert Akroyd Stuart, Gottlieb Daimler invents the Petrol engine.[10]
- 1888 – An AC induction motor is featured in a paper published by Galileo Ferraris and is patented in the U.S. by Nikola Tesla.[11]
- 1892 – Rudolf Diesel patents the Diesel engine (U.S. patent 608845).[12]
- 1899 – Ferdinand Porsche creates the Lohner–Porsche, the first hybrid vehicle.
20th Century
- 1903 – The Exploration of Cosmic Space by Means of Reaction Devices was published by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky
- 1905 – Alfred Büchi patents the turbocharger.[13]
- 1913 – René Lorin invents the ramjet.[14]
- 1915 – Leonard Dyer invents a six-stroke engine, now known as the Crower six-stroke engine named after his reinventor Bruce Crower.
- 1926 – Robert H. Goddard launched the first liquid-fueled rocket.[15][16]
- 1929 – Felix Wankel patents the Wankel rotary engine (U.S. patent 2988008).[17]
- Late 1930s – Hans von Ohain[18] and Frank Whittle[19] separately build pioneering gas turbine engines intended for aircraft propulsion, leading to the pioneering turbojet powered flights in 1939 Germany and 1941 England.
- 1939 – The BMW company's BMW 801 aviation radial engine pioneers the use of an early form of an engine control unit, the Kommandogerät.
- 1940s – Ralph Miller patents his Miller cycle engine.
- 1954 – Felix Wankel creates the first working Wankel engine.[20]
- 1957 – Rambler Rebel announced Electrojector electronic fuel injection option, however no production models were offered with the option.
- 1964 – Ion engine invented.[21]
- 1966 – RD-0410 nuclear thermal rocket engine was ground-tested.
- 1960s – alternators replace generators on automobile engines.[22]
- 1970s – electronically controlled ignition appears in automobile engines.
- 1975 – Catalytic converters are first widely introduced on production automobiles in the US to comply with tightening EPA regulations on auto exhaust.
- 1980s – electronically controlled ignition improved to reduce pollution.
- 1980s – electronic fuel injection appears on gasoline automobile engines.
- 1989 – The Bajulaz Six-Stroke Engine was invented by the Bajulaz S A company, based in Geneva, Switzerland; it has U.S. patent 4809511 and U.S. patent 4513568.
- 1990s – Hybrid vehicles that run on an internal combustion engine (ICE) and an electric motor charged by regenerative braking.
See also
- Timeline of heat engine technology for a view of the human understanding of the interchangeability of work and heat.
References
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- ↑ Bill Drury, Control Techniques Drives and Controls Handbook, page xiv
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