Maymana: Difference between revisions
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<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> | <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> | ||
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|official_name = | |official_name = Maimana | ||
|other_name = | |other_name = | ||
|native_name = {{ | |native_name = {{nq|میمنه}} | ||
|native_name_lang = prs | |||
|nickname = | |nickname = | ||
|settlement_type = | |settlement_type = [[List of cities in Afghanistan|Provincial capital]] | ||
|motto = | |motto = | ||
<!-- images and maps -----------> | <!-- images and maps -----------> | ||
|image_skyline = NATO Base in Maymana, Faryab, Afghanistan.jpg | |image_skyline = NATO Base in Maymana, Faryab, Afghanistan.jpg | ||
|imagesize = | |imagesize = | ||
|image_caption = | |image_caption = A military base in 2011 | ||
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| subdivision_name = {{flag|Afghanistan}} | | subdivision_name = {{flag|Afghanistan}} | ||
|subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Afghanistan|Province]] | |subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Afghanistan|Province]] | ||
|subdivision_name1 = [[Faryab Province]] | |subdivision_name1 = [[Faryab Province|Faryab]] | ||
|subdivision_type2 = District | |subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Afghanistan|District]] | ||
|subdivision_name2 = | |subdivision_name2 = [[Maymana District|Maymana]] | ||
|subdivision_type3 = | |subdivision_type3 = | ||
|subdivision_name3 = | |subdivision_name3 = | ||
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<!-- Politics -----------------> | <!-- Politics -----------------> | ||
|government_footnotes = | |government_footnotes = | ||
|government_type = | |government_type = [[Municipality]] | ||
|leader_title = Mayor | |leader_title = [[Mayor]] | ||
|leader_name = [[Damla Mohibullah]] | |leader_name = [[Damla Mohibullah]] | ||
|leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> | |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> | ||
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|area_magnitude = | |area_magnitude = | ||
|area_footnotes | |area_footnotes = | ||
|area_total_km2 | |area_total_km2 = 35 | ||
|area_land_km2 | |area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> | ||
|area_water_km2 | |area_water_km2 = | ||
|area_total_sq_mi | |area_total_sq_mi = | ||
|area_land_sq_mi | |area_land_sq_mi = | ||
|area_water_sq_mi | |area_water_sq_mi = | ||
|area_water_percent | |area_water_percent = | ||
|area_urban_km2 | |area_urban_km2 = | ||
|area_urban_sq_mi | |area_urban_sq_mi = | ||
|area_metro_km2 | |area_metro_km2 = | ||
|area_metro_sq_mi | |area_metro_sq_mi = | ||
|area_blank1_title | |area_blank1_title = | ||
|area_blank1_km2 | |area_blank1_km2 = | ||
|area_blank1_sq_mi | |area_blank1_sq_mi = | ||
<!-- Population -----------------------> | <!-- Population -----------------------> | ||
|population_as_of | |population_as_of = 2025 | ||
|population_footnotes | |population_footnotes = <ref name="population" /> | ||
|population_note | |population_note = | ||
|population_total | |population_total = 108049 | ||
|population_density_km2 =auto | |population_density_km2 =auto | ||
|population_density_sq_mi = | |population_density_sq_mi = | ||
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|population_density_metro_km2 = | |population_density_metro_km2 = | ||
|population_density_metro_sq_mi = | |population_density_metro_sq_mi = | ||
|population_urban = | |population_urban = | ||
|population_density_urban_km2 = | |population_density_urban_km2 = | ||
|population_density_urban_sq_mi = | |population_density_urban_sq_mi = | ||
|population_blank1_title =Ethnicities | |population_blank1_title =Ethnicities | ||
|population_blank1 = [[Uzbeks|Uzbek]], [[Pashtuns|Pashtun]] [[Turkmens|Turkmen]] | |population_blank1 =[[Uzbeks|Uzbek]], [[Pashtuns|Pashtun]] [[Turkmens|Turkmen]] | ||
|population_blank2_title =Religions | |population_blank2_title =Religions | ||
|population_blank2 = | |population_blank2 = | ||
|population_density_blank1_km2 = | |population_density_blank1_km2 = | ||
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi = | |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = | ||
<!-- General information ---------------> | <!-- General information ---------------> | ||
|timezone = [[ | |timezone = [[Time in Afghanistan|Afghanistan Time]] | ||
|utc_offset = | |utc_offset = +04:30 | ||
|timezone_DST = | |timezone_DST = | ||
|utc_offset_DST = | |utc_offset_DST = | ||
|coordinates = {{coord|35|56|N|64|45|E|region:AF|display=inline}} | |coordinates = {{coord|35|56|N|64|45|E|region:AF|display=inline}} | ||
|elevation_footnotes = | |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> | ||
|elevation_m = 877 | |elevation_m = 877 | ||
|elevation_ft = | |elevation_ft = | ||
<!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> | <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> | ||
|postal_code_type = | |postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> | ||
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}} | }} | ||
''' | '''Maimana'''{{efn|{{bulleted list|{{langx|ps|ميمنه |Maimana}} {{IPA|ps|ˌmaɪmaˈna|}}|{{langx|prs|میمنه|Maymana}} {{IPA|prs|ˌmajmaˈna|}}}}}}, also spelled as '''Maymana''', is a [[list of cities in Afghanistan|city]] in northern [[Afghanistan]], serving as the capital of [[Faryab Province]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://pajhwok.com/2025/10/08/faryab-residents-1urge-completion-of-maimana-roads/ |title=Faryab residents urge completion of Maimana roads |work=Pajhwok Afghan News |date=8 October 2025 |access-date=2025-12-30}}</ref> It is approximately {{cvt|400|km}} northwest of the country's capital [[Kabul]], and is located on the Maymana River, which is a tributary of the [[Murghab River]]. The population of Maimana was estimated in 2025 to be around 108,049 people.<ref name="population" /> The [[mayor]] of the city is [[Damla Mohibullah]]. | ||
Maimana has a [[domestic airport|domestic]] [[Maymana Airport|airport]], a number of large markets, [[list of mosques in Afghanistan|mosques]], [[list of universities in Afghanistan|universities]], parks, [[list of hospitals in Afghanistan|hospitals]], and many standard roads and streets. The [[Afghanistan Ring Road]] passes through the city. The closest major cities to Maimana are [[Andkhoy (city)|Andkhoy]] in Faryab, [[Sheberghan]] in [[Jowzjan Province]], and [[Sar-e-Pol, Afghanistan|Sar-e-Pol]] in [[Sar-e-Pol Province]]. The city is to be connected by [[rail transport in Afghanistan|railroad]] with [[Herat]] in the southwest and [[Mazar-i-Sharif]] in the northeast.<ref name="TOLO-196284" /> | |||
==Geography== | |||
{{Further|Geography of Afghanistan}} | |||
Maimana is located at the northern foot of the [[Turkestan Range|Torkestan Range]] at an [[altitude|elevation]] of {{cvt|877|m|ft|abbr=on}} on the old terrace of the [[Qaysar District|Qeysar]] or Maimana River, which is a right tributary of the [[Murghab River]]. The Maimana River branches off of the Band-e Turkistan River {{cvt|50|km}} south of the city. The highlands of the Maimana region generally possess a very rich topsoil which supports the seasonal agricultural activities. | |||
== | ===Land use=== | ||
Maimana is a trading and transit hub in northern Afghanistan. Just over half of the land in Maimana is non built-up (57%) consisting largely of agriculture.<ref name=soac2015 /> The central districts (2-5) have higher dwelling density and clear road grids.<ref name=soac2015 /> The outer districts (1, 7-10) are characterized by more agricultural land.<ref name=soac2015 /> | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
{{Further|History of Afghanistan}} | |||
The | The city is of ancient origin. It seems clear that Maymana citadel dates back to the early [[Iron Age]]. Ceramic materials in a nearby cave at Bilchiragh are from the [[Paleolithic]] and late [[Neolithic]]-Bronze Age.{{Citation needed|date=December 2007}} Between 800 B.C and 700 A.D it was part of [[Medes|Median]] and [[Achaemenid Empire|Persian Empire]], as well of [[Kushan Empire|Kushanian]] and [[Hephthalites|Hephtalite]], before being subjugated by Arabs during the [[Early Muslim conquests|Islamic Conquest]] who used local Iranian vassals to rule the region. In the 7th and 8th century it was the residence of the Malik of [[Guzganan]], last Kushanian remnants, which was then under the control of the [[Farighunid]], a native [[dynasty]]. From the 9th to 11th century the region was ruled by several rulers and dynasties ([[Saffarid]], [[Mihrabanid]], [[Nasrid]]...) from Sistan and then being subjugated by the Iranian [[Samanid]] and the Irano-Turkic [[Ghaznavid]] and [[Khwarizm]] rulers. | ||
In the 12th and 13th century the region was devastated by nomadic Turks and invading Mongols. It took long for the region, nearly 200 years, to recover from the damage the nomadic and invading Turko-Mongol foreigners from northern [[Central Asia]] had caused. The area's population remained thin and the commercial trade was very weak but enough for the survivors to develop new agricultural and rebuild old structures. While the city was garrisoned and hosted Iranians and some Arabs, the villages as well owned by Iranians and settled remnants of Arabs, the deserts and steppe were home of wandering nomads of Turko-Mongolian and Iranian stocks ([[Aymaq]]). | In the 12th and 13th century the region was devastated by nomadic Turks and invading Mongols. It took long for the region, nearly 200 years, to recover from the damage the nomadic and invading Turko-Mongol foreigners from northern [[Central Asia]] had caused. The area's population remained thin and the commercial trade was very weak but enough for the survivors to develop new agricultural and rebuild old structures. While the city was garrisoned and hosted Iranians and some Arabs, the villages as well owned by Iranians and settled remnants of Arabs, the deserts and steppe were home of wandering nomads of Turko-Mongolian and Iranian stocks ([[Aymaq]]). | ||
In the 16th century, the Turkic [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] influence came to Maymana with the invasions of [[Turkestan|Turkistan]] and [[Herat]] by [[Muhammad Shaibani]]. For the region it was again a complicated time. However, Shaibani was defeated by the Iranian [[Saffavids]] but the Uzbek elements remained dominant from then up to day in the region until in the 18th and 19th centuries. | In the 16th century, the Turkic [[Uzbekistan|Uzbek]] influence came to Maymana with the invasions of [[Turkestan|Turkistan]] and [[Herat]] by [[Muhammad Shaibani]]. For the region it was again a complicated time. However, Shaibani was defeated by the Iranian [[Saffavids]] but the Uzbek elements remained dominant from then up to day in the region until in the 18th and 19th centuries. | ||
[[File:People of Maymana2 in Faryab province.jpg|thumb|A market area in Maimana]] | |||
[[File:People of Maymana in Faryab province.jpg|thumb|People of Maimana with a female Norwegian soldier in 2009]] | |||
During that time the city became the center of the [[Maimana Khanate]]<ref name="Chaffetz1981">{{cite book|author=David Chaffetz|title=A Journey Through Afghanistan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gUUCK2xrijIC&q=central+asian+features+turkish+popular+blood&pg=PA63|year=1981|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-10064-7|pages=63–}}</ref> and an important centre for commerce, as well as being the gateway to [[Turkestan|Turkistan]] from [[Herat]] and [[Iran]]. It served as an important cultural and trade centre for the whole region and served to connect various different states and peoples. Under the Uzbek rule, the city experienced a sudden renaissance, starting from the conquest of the area by Muhammad Shaibani and lasting all the way down to the Pashtun subjugation of the region. In 1876, under [[Sher Ali Khan]], the city fell to the kingdom of Kabul and was viciosly put in ruins. As result, only ten percent of the population remained alive while a large part either died or left the city for other regions after the horrific slaughter.{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}} | During that time the city became the center of the [[Maimana Khanate]]<ref name="Chaffetz1981">{{cite book|author=David Chaffetz|title=A Journey Through Afghanistan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gUUCK2xrijIC&q=central+asian+features+turkish+popular+blood&pg=PA63|year=1981|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-10064-7|pages=63–}}</ref> and an important centre for commerce, as well as being the gateway to [[Turkestan|Turkistan]] from [[Herat]] and [[Iran]]. It served as an important cultural and trade centre for the whole region and served to connect various different states and peoples. Under the Uzbek rule, the city experienced a sudden renaissance, starting from the conquest of the area by Muhammad Shaibani and lasting all the way down to the Pashtun subjugation of the region. In 1876, under [[Sher Ali Khan]], the city fell to the kingdom of Kabul and was viciosly put in ruins. As result, only ten percent of the population remained alive while a large part either died or left the city for other regions after the horrific slaughter.{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}} | ||
In the 20th century, the city was once strongly walled with thick walls and towers and surrounded by a moat, but in the | In the 20th century, the city was once strongly walled with thick walls and towers and surrounded by a moat, but in the same century all this has been reduced to an anonymous mound. In 1934, the rebuilding of the city started, and in 1949 the northern parts of the old city were renewed, the old city citadel changed to a park. Maimana was the administrative center of [[Meymaneh Province]] until the disintegration of the province. | ||
As part of the [[International Security Assistance Force]] operation in Afghanistan, a [[Provincial Reconstruction Team]] led by [[Norway]] formerly operated in the province. The team also included [[Latvia]]n troops. On 18 March 2014, a suicide bomber detonated his explosives near the entrance to a busy market in Maimana, killing 15 people including women and children and injuring 27 others. The attack came ahead of the [[2014 Afghan presidential election|presidential elections]] on 5 April.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2014-03-18 |title=Afghan suicide bombing at market leaves many dead |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-26624641 |access-date=2025-02-13 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> | |||
[[ | On 14 August 2021, Maimana was seized by [[Taliban]] fighters, becoming the twenty-second provincial capital to be captured in the wider [[2021 Taliban offensive]]. In January 2022, some clashes were reported in the city.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/taliban-arrest-uzbek-commander-clashes/31677178.html|title=Taliban's Arrest Of Ethnic Uzbek Commander Sparks Clashes In Northern Afghanistan|first=Bruce|last=Pannier|publisher=Radio Free Europe|date=January 29, 2022|access-date=January 30, 2022}}</ref> | ||
==Climate== | ==Climate== | ||
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|access-date = December 25, 2012}}</ref> | |access-date = December 25, 2012}}</ref> | ||
|date=December 2014}} | |date=December 2014}} | ||
==Demographics== | |||
{{Further|Demographics of Afghanistan}} | |||
Maimana has an estimated population of 108,049 people.<ref name="population">{{cite web |url=https://nsia.gov.af:8443/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D9%86%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84-1404.pdf#page=83 |title=Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2025-26 |page=60 |work=National Statistics and Information Authority |date=September 2025 |access-date=2025-12-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=State of Afghan Cities report 2015 (Volume-I English) |page=12|url=https://unhabitat.org/soac2015 |publisher=UN-Habitat |access-date=2015-10-31}}</ref> The city is divided into 10 districts covering a land area of {{cvt|35|km2}} or {{cvt|3461|ha}}. In 2015 there were 16,560 dwellings in the city.<ref name=soac2015>{{cite web|title=State of Afghan Cities report 2015 (Volume-I English) |page=8|url=https://unhabitat.org/soac2015|publisher=UN-Habitat|access-date=2015-10-22}}</ref> During the 19th century, the population was estimated at 15,000–18,000 families (or roughly 75,000-95,000 individuals)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lee |first=Jonathan L. |date=1987 |title=The History of Maimana in Northwestern Afghanistan 1731-1893 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4299788 |journal=Iran |volume=25 |pages=107–124 |doi=10.2307/4299788 |issn=0578-6967|url-access=subscription }}</ref> and was assumed to be a dominantly Uzbek city due to the market language which was mostly [[Chagatai language]]. However, documents show it was a diverse city (as it is today). In 1958, the population was estimated to be 30,000. By 1979 this had risen to 38,250, and by 1982 to 56,973. | |||
==Economy== | |||
{{Further|Economy of Afghanistan}} | |||
Maimana is an important livestock centre in Afghanistan. The city serves an agricultural area irrigated from the Qeysar River and also handles the trade in [[Karakul (sheep)|Karakul]] sheep with nomads. In the 1970s, the wool and cotton processing industry was booming in the city. Maimana is a market for leather goods, silk, carpets, wheat, barley, melons and grapes.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://pajhwok.com/2023/08/08/faryab-farmers-complain-non-availability-of-cold-stores-market/ |title=Faryab farmers complain non-availability of cold stores, market |work=Pajhwok Afghan News |date=18 August 2023 |access-date=2025-12-30}}</ref> Some residents are now in the [[saffron]] business.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://pajhwok.com/2024/12/18/as-harvest-jumps-faryab-saffron-farmers-seek-govts-support/ |title=As harvest jumps, Faryab saffron farmers seek govt's support |work=Pajhwok Afghan News |date=18 December 2024 |access-date=2025-12-30}}</ref> Regarding [[drought in Afghanistan|drought]] in the area, the government recently built the [[Qosh Tepa Canal]]. This canal is expected to significantly increase agricultural lands in the area, and boost the economy of the northern Afghan cities such as Maimana.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://tolonews.com/afghanistan-196348 |title=High-Level Delegation Reviews Progress of Qosh Tepa Canal Project |work=TOLOnews |date=29 October 2025 |access-date=2025-12-30}}</ref> | |||
==Transportation== | |||
{{Further|Transport in Afghanistan}} | |||
The [[Maymana Airport]] is located 2 miles ({{cvt|3.2|km}}) west of Maimana in a valley surrounded by hills and a range of mountains with some peaks reaching {{cvt|12000|ft}}. It is about ({{cvt|39|km}}) southeast of the [[Afghanistan–Turkmenistan border]] and {{cvt|103|km}} south of [[Andkhoy (city)|Andkhoy]]. It had direct flights to [[Herat International Airport|Herat]] as of May 2014.<ref>2014 East Horizon Airlines Timetable, http://flyeasthorizon.com/flight-schedule/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003225730/http://flyeasthorizon.com/flight-schedule/ |date=2018-10-03 }}</ref> There is a [[rail way]] project planned, which is to connect by [[rail transport in Afghanistan|rail]] Maimana with [[Herat]] in the southwest and [[Mazar-i-Sharif]] in the northeast.<ref name="TOLO-196284">{{cite news |url=https://tolonews.com/afghanistan-196284 |title=Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkey Agree to Expand Regional Railway Cooperation |work=TOLOnews |date=24 October 2025 |access-date=2025-11-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ariananews.af/afghanistan-turkmenistan-sign-three-mous-on-railway-projects/ |title=Afghanistan, Turkmenistan sign three MOUs on railway projects |work=Ariana News |date=February 27, 2025 |access-date=2025-12-30}}</ref> | |||
[[File:Panorama maymana.JPG|thumb|center|upright=3.2|Panorama of Maymana]] | |||
== Notes == | |||
{{notelist}} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 307: | Line 312: | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
* | *{{YouTube|ByXzQywaR14|Beautiful Maimana City}} | ||
*{{YouTube|7KiIh7Z8FEc| زیبایی های ولایت فاریاب / Beautiful Faryab Province }} | |||
{{Faryab Province}} | {{Faryab Province}} | ||
Latest revision as of 20:47, 30 December 2025
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Script error: No such module "Settlement short description".Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".Expression error: Unexpected < operator.
MaimanaTemplate:Efn, also spelled as Maymana, is a city in northern Afghanistan, serving as the capital of Faryab Province.[1] It is approximately Template:Cvt northwest of the country's capital Kabul, and is located on the Maymana River, which is a tributary of the Murghab River. The population of Maimana was estimated in 2025 to be around 108,049 people.[2] The mayor of the city is Damla Mohibullah.
Maimana has a domestic airport, a number of large markets, mosques, universities, parks, hospitals, and many standard roads and streets. The Afghanistan Ring Road passes through the city. The closest major cities to Maimana are Andkhoy in Faryab, Sheberghan in Jowzjan Province, and Sar-e-Pol in Sar-e-Pol Province. The city is to be connected by railroad with Herat in the southwest and Mazar-i-Sharif in the northeast.[3]
Geography
Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote". Maimana is located at the northern foot of the Torkestan Range at an elevation of Template:Cvt on the old terrace of the Qeysar or Maimana River, which is a right tributary of the Murghab River. The Maimana River branches off of the Band-e Turkistan River Template:Cvt south of the city. The highlands of the Maimana region generally possess a very rich topsoil which supports the seasonal agricultural activities.
Land use
Maimana is a trading and transit hub in northern Afghanistan. Just over half of the land in Maimana is non built-up (57%) consisting largely of agriculture.[4] The central districts (2-5) have higher dwelling density and clear road grids.[4] The outer districts (1, 7-10) are characterized by more agricultural land.[4]
History
Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote".
The city is of ancient origin. It seems clear that Maymana citadel dates back to the early Iron Age. Ceramic materials in a nearby cave at Bilchiragh are from the Paleolithic and late Neolithic-Bronze Age.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Between 800 B.C and 700 A.D it was part of Median and Persian Empire, as well of Kushanian and Hephtalite, before being subjugated by Arabs during the Islamic Conquest who used local Iranian vassals to rule the region. In the 7th and 8th century it was the residence of the Malik of Guzganan, last Kushanian remnants, which was then under the control of the Farighunid, a native dynasty. From the 9th to 11th century the region was ruled by several rulers and dynasties (Saffarid, Mihrabanid, Nasrid...) from Sistan and then being subjugated by the Iranian Samanid and the Irano-Turkic Ghaznavid and Khwarizm rulers.
In the 12th and 13th century the region was devastated by nomadic Turks and invading Mongols. It took long for the region, nearly 200 years, to recover from the damage the nomadic and invading Turko-Mongol foreigners from northern Central Asia had caused. The area's population remained thin and the commercial trade was very weak but enough for the survivors to develop new agricultural and rebuild old structures. While the city was garrisoned and hosted Iranians and some Arabs, the villages as well owned by Iranians and settled remnants of Arabs, the deserts and steppe were home of wandering nomads of Turko-Mongolian and Iranian stocks (Aymaq). In the 16th century, the Turkic Uzbek influence came to Maymana with the invasions of Turkistan and Herat by Muhammad Shaibani. For the region it was again a complicated time. However, Shaibani was defeated by the Iranian Saffavids but the Uzbek elements remained dominant from then up to day in the region until in the 18th and 19th centuries.
During that time the city became the center of the Maimana Khanate[5] and an important centre for commerce, as well as being the gateway to Turkistan from Herat and Iran. It served as an important cultural and trade centre for the whole region and served to connect various different states and peoples. Under the Uzbek rule, the city experienced a sudden renaissance, starting from the conquest of the area by Muhammad Shaibani and lasting all the way down to the Pashtun subjugation of the region. In 1876, under Sher Ali Khan, the city fell to the kingdom of Kabul and was viciosly put in ruins. As result, only ten percent of the population remained alive while a large part either died or left the city for other regions after the horrific slaughter.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
In the 20th century, the city was once strongly walled with thick walls and towers and surrounded by a moat, but in the same century all this has been reduced to an anonymous mound. In 1934, the rebuilding of the city started, and in 1949 the northern parts of the old city were renewed, the old city citadel changed to a park. Maimana was the administrative center of Meymaneh Province until the disintegration of the province.
As part of the International Security Assistance Force operation in Afghanistan, a Provincial Reconstruction Team led by Norway formerly operated in the province. The team also included Latvian troops. On 18 March 2014, a suicide bomber detonated his explosives near the entrance to a busy market in Maimana, killing 15 people including women and children and injuring 27 others. The attack came ahead of the presidential elections on 5 April.[6]
On 14 August 2021, Maimana was seized by Taliban fighters, becoming the twenty-second provincial capital to be captured in the wider 2021 Taliban offensive. In January 2022, some clashes were reported in the city.[7]
Climate
Maymana has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa) with hot, dry summers and cold, moist winters.
Script error: No such module "weather box".Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
Demographics
Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote". Maimana has an estimated population of 108,049 people.[2][8] The city is divided into 10 districts covering a land area of Template:Cvt or Template:Cvt. In 2015 there were 16,560 dwellings in the city.[4] During the 19th century, the population was estimated at 15,000–18,000 families (or roughly 75,000-95,000 individuals)[9] and was assumed to be a dominantly Uzbek city due to the market language which was mostly Chagatai language. However, documents show it was a diverse city (as it is today). In 1958, the population was estimated to be 30,000. By 1979 this had risen to 38,250, and by 1982 to 56,973.
Economy
Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote". Maimana is an important livestock centre in Afghanistan. The city serves an agricultural area irrigated from the Qeysar River and also handles the trade in Karakul sheep with nomads. In the 1970s, the wool and cotton processing industry was booming in the city. Maimana is a market for leather goods, silk, carpets, wheat, barley, melons and grapes.[10] Some residents are now in the saffron business.[11] Regarding drought in the area, the government recently built the Qosh Tepa Canal. This canal is expected to significantly increase agricultural lands in the area, and boost the economy of the northern Afghan cities such as Maimana.[12]
Transportation
Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote". The Maymana Airport is located 2 miles (Template:Cvt) west of Maimana in a valley surrounded by hills and a range of mountains with some peaks reaching Template:Cvt. It is about (Template:Cvt) southeast of the Afghanistan–Turkmenistan border and Template:Cvt south of Andkhoy. It had direct flights to Herat as of May 2014.[13] There is a rail way project planned, which is to connect by rail Maimana with Herat in the southwest and Mazar-i-Sharif in the northeast.[3][14]
Notes
References
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- ↑ 2014 East Horizon Airlines Timetable, http://flyeasthorizon.com/flight-schedule/ Template:Webarchive
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External links
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