Essex County, Virginia: Difference between revisions
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'''Essex County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] located in the [[Middle Peninsula]] | '''Essex County''' is a [[County (United States)|United States county]] located in the [[Middle Peninsula]] of the [[Commonwealth (U.S. state)|Commonwealth]] of [[Virginia]]. The county is bordered by the [[Rappahannock River]] on the north and [[King and Queen County, Virginia|King and Queen County]] on the south. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the county's population was 10,599.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Essex County, Virginia|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0500000US51057|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=January 30, 2022}}</ref> The [[county seat]] is the historic town of [[Tappahannock, Virginia|Tappahannock]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 }}</ref> | ||
== History == | The county was created in 1692, when the old [[Rappahannock County (1656), Virginia|Rappahannock County]] was dissolved to form the new Essex and [[Richmond County, Virginia|Richmond]] counties, and was named to honor [[Essex]] in England. Due to the region's location on the Rappahannock River, it was one of the early areas visited by English explorer [[John Smith (explorer)|John Smith]]. Smith's three trips led to him being captured, attacked and finally making peace with the resident indigenous [[Powhatan]] people.<ref name=Museum/> | ||
Essex County was established in 1692 from the old [[Rappahannock County (1656), Virginia|Rappahannock County, Virginia]] (not to be confused with the present-day [[Rappahannock County, Virginia]]). The county is named for either the [[Essex, England|shire or county in England]], or for the [[Earl of Essex]]. | |||
==History== | |||
Essex County was established in 1692 from the old [[Rappahannock County (1656), Virginia|Rappahannock County, Virginia]] (not to be confused with the present-day [[Rappahannock County, Virginia]]). The county is named for either the [[Essex, England|shire or county in England]], or for the [[Earl of Essex]].<ref name=Museum>{{cite web |title=History |url=https://ecmhs.org/history/ |website=Essex County Museum & Historical Society |access-date=21 December 2025 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=A Guide to the Old Rappahannock County and Essex County (Va.) Wills, 1652-1806 (bulk 1677-1806) |url=https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva%2Fvi02503.xml |website=Archival Resources of the Virginias |publisher=Library of Virginia |access-date=21 December 2025 |language=English}}</ref> | |||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
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|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing from 1790-2000|publisher=[[US Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 24, 2022}}</ref><br />1790-1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=January 2, 2014}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/va190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 2, 2014}}</ref><br />1990-2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 2, 2014}}</ref> 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2/> 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2/> | |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing from 1790-2000|publisher=[[US Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 24, 2022}}</ref><br />1790-1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=January 2, 2014}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/va190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 2, 2014}}</ref><br />1990-2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 2, 2014}}</ref> 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2/> 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2/> | ||
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=== | ===Racial and ethnic composition=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | ||
|+'''Essex County, Virginia – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small> | |+'''Essex County, Virginia – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small> | ||
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===2020 census=== | |||
As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the county had a population of 10,599. The median age was 48.6 years. 18.9% of residents were under the age of 18 and 24.6% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 89.8 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 86.8 males age 18 and over.<ref name="Census2020DP">{{cite web|title=2020 Decennial Census Demographic Profile (DP1)|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/dp?get=NAME,DP1_0021P,DP1_0024P,DP1_0025C,DP1_0049C,DP1_0045C,DP1_0069C,DP1_0073C,DP1_0125P,DP1_0126P,DP1_0129P,DP1_0138P,DP1_0139P,DP1_0141P,DP1_0142P,DP1_0143P,DP1_0145P,DP1_0146P,DP1_0147C,DP1_0148C,DP1_0149C,DP1_0156C,DP1_0157C,DP1_0158C,DP1_0159P,DP1_0160P&for=county%3A057&in=state%3A51|website=United States Census Bureau|year=2021|access-date=December 24, 2025|df=mdy}}</ref><ref name="Census2020PL">{{cite web|title=2020 Decennial Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171)|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=NAME,P1_001N,P1_003N,P1_004N,P1_005N,P1_006N,P1_007N,P1_008N,P1_009N,P2_001N,P2_002N,H1_001N,H1_002N&for=county%3A057&in=state%3A51|website=United States Census Bureau|year=2021|access-date=December 24, 2025|df=mdy}}</ref> | |||
The racial makeup of the county was 56.2% White, 35.6% [[African Americans|Black or African American]], 0.8% [[Native Americans in the United States|American Indian and Alaska Native]], 0.6% [[Asian Americans|Asian]], 0.0% [[Native Hawaiians|Native Hawaiian]] and [[Pacific Islander|Pacific Islander]], 1.7% from some other race, and 5.2% from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]]. [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] residents of any race comprised 3.5% of the population.<ref name="Census2020PL"/> | |||
0.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 100.0% lived in rural areas.<ref name="Census2020DHC">{{cite web|title=2020 Decennial Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics (DHC)|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/dhc?get=NAME,P2_002N,P2_003N&for=county%3A057&in=state%3A51|website=United States Census Bureau|year=2023|access-date=December 24, 2025|df=mdy}}</ref> | |||
There were 4,572 households in the county, of which 24.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 31.4% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 29.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name="Census2020DP"/> | |||
There were 5,742 housing units, of which 20.4% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 70.8% were owner-occupied and 29.2% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.8% and the rental vacancy rate was 7.7%.<ref name="Census2020DP"/> | |||
===2000 Census=== | ===2000 Census=== | ||
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The median income for a household in the county was $37,395, and the median income for a family was $43,588. Males had a median income of $29,736 versus $22,253 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $17,994. About 7.70% of families and 11.20% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 16.80% of those under age 18 and 11.80% of those age 65 or over. | The median income for a household in the county was $37,395, and the median income for a family was $43,588. Males had a median income of $29,736 versus $22,253 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $17,994. About 7.70% of families and 11.20% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 16.80% of those under age 18 and 11.80% of those age 65 or over. | ||
==Government== | ==Government== | ||
===Board of supervisors=== | ===Board of supervisors=== | ||
Latest revision as of 13:35, 24 December 2025
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Essex County is a United States county located in the Middle Peninsula of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The county is bordered by the Rappahannock River on the north and King and Queen County on the south. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 10,599.[1] The county seat is the historic town of Tappahannock.[2]
The county was created in 1692, when the old Rappahannock County was dissolved to form the new Essex and Richmond counties, and was named to honor Essex in England. Due to the region's location on the Rappahannock River, it was one of the early areas visited by English explorer John Smith. Smith's three trips led to him being captured, attacked and finally making peace with the resident indigenous Powhatan people.[3]
History
Essex County was established in 1692 from the old Rappahannock County, Virginia (not to be confused with the present-day Rappahannock County, Virginia). The county is named for either the shire or county in England, or for the Earl of Essex.[3][4]
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Script error: No such module "convert"., of which Script error: No such module "convert". is land and Script error: No such module "convert". (10.1%) is water.[5] Its main town, Tappahanock, is focused at the Rappahanock River.
Adjacent counties
- Westmoreland County – north
- Richmond County – northeast
- Middlesex County – southeast
- King and Queen County – south
- Caroline County – west
- King George County – northwest
Major highways
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National protected area
- Rappahannock River Valley National Wildlife Refuge (part) Hutchinson unit, Thomas unit
Demographics
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| Census | Pop. | Template:Sronly | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1790 | 9,122 | — | |
| 1800 | 9,508 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1810 | 9,376 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1820 | 9,909 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1830 | 10,521 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1840 | 11,309 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1850 | 10,206 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1860 | 10,469 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1870 | 9,927 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1880 | 11,032 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1890 | 10,047 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1900 | 9,701 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1910 | 9,105 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1920 | 8,542 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1930 | 6,976 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1940 | 7,006 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1950 | 6,530 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1960 | 6,690 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1970 | 7,099 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1980 | 8,864 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 1990 | 8,689 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 2000 | 9,989 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 2010 | 11,151 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| 2020 | 10,599 | Script error: No such module "String".% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[6] 1790-1960[7] 1900-1990[8] 1990-2000[9] 2010[10] 2020[11] | |||
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Racial and ethnic composition
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2010[10] | Pop 2020[11] | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 6,239 | 5,871 | 55.95% | 55.39% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 4,224 | 3,743 | 37.88% | 35.31% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 46 | 61 | 0.41% | 0.58% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 86 | 62 | 0.77% | 0.58% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 2 | 3 | 0.02% | 0.03% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 13 | 40 | 0.12% | 0.38% |
| Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) | 192 | 450 | 1.72% | 4.25% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 349 | 369 | 3.13% | 3.48% |
| Total | 11,151 | 10,599 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
2020 census
As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 10,599. The median age was 48.6 years. 18.9% of residents were under the age of 18 and 24.6% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 89.8 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 86.8 males age 18 and over.[12][13]
The racial makeup of the county was 56.2% White, 35.6% Black or African American, 0.8% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.6% Asian, 0.0% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 1.7% from some other race, and 5.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 3.5% of the population.[13]
0.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 100.0% lived in rural areas.[14]
There were 4,572 households in the county, of which 24.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 31.4% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 29.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[12]
There were 5,742 housing units, of which 20.4% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 70.8% were owner-occupied and 29.2% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.8% and the rental vacancy rate was 7.7%.[12]
2000 Census
As of the census[15] of 2000, there were 9,989 people, 3,995 households, and 2,740 families residing in the county. The population density was Script error: No such module "convert".. There were 4,926 housing units at an average density of Script error: No such module "convert".. The racial makeup of the county was 57.96% White, 39.04% Black or African American, 0.55% Native American, 0.81% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.32% from other races, and 1.28% from two or more races. 0.72% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 3,995 households, out of which 28.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.70% were married couples living together, 14.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.40% were non-families. 26.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.95.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 22.90% under the age of 18, 7.00% from 18 to 24, 27.00% from 25 to 44, 25.70% from 45 to 64, and 17.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 89.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.20 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $37,395, and the median income for a family was $43,588. Males had a median income of $29,736 versus $22,253 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,994. About 7.70% of families and 11.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.80% of those under age 18 and 11.80% of those age 65 or over.
Government
Board of supervisors
- Central District: John Magruder (I)
- Greater Tappahannock District: Robert Akers (I)
- North District: Sidney N. Johnson (I)
- South District: Ronnie Gill
- At Large: Bud Smith
Constitutional officers
- Clerk of the Circuit Court: Christina A. Ambrose (I)
- Commissioner of the Revenue: Kristen Andrews Foster (I)
- Commonwealth's Attorney: Vince S. Donoghue (R)
- Sheriff: Walter "Arnie" Holmes (I)
- Treasurer: B. A. "Penny" Davis (I)
Essex is represented by Republican Ryan T. McDougle in the Virginia Senate, Republican M. Keith Hodges in the Virginia House of Delegates, and Republican Robert J. "Rob" Wittman in the U.S. House of Representatives.
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Education
Essex County Public Schools (ECPS) is the public schools system for Essex County, Virginia, United States.[16] The following schools make up the Essex County Public Schools system:
Tappahannock Elementary School (Grades PK - 4th)[17]
Essex Intermediate School (Grades 5th - 8th)[18]
Essex High School (Grades 9th - 12th)[19]
Other schools located in Essex County include:
St Margaret's School (Grades 8th - 12th, girls only)[20]
Tappahannock Junior Academy (Grades K - 10th)[21]
Aylett Country Day School (Grades PK - 8th) [22]
Communities
Town
Unincorporated communities
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Notable people
- David George - black American ex-slave founder of Silver Bluff Baptist Church
- Former NBA player Xavier McDaniel once lived in this county.
- U.S. Senator Paul S. Trible Jr. was Commonwealth's Attorney of Essex County.
- Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter, 1809–1887. Speaker of the United States House of Representatives and Confederate States Secretary of State.
- Grammy Award-winning R&B singer Chris Brown was born and raised in this county.
- Richard B. Garnett- Confederate States of America general who was killed while leading his brigade during Pickett's Charge.
See also
References
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- ↑ http://www.essex.k12.va.us Essex
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External links
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- Essex County Museum
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