Grumman C-1 Trader: Difference between revisions
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{{ | {{Short description|United States Navy carrier on-board delivery (COD) transport aircraft}} | ||
{{Infobox aircraft | {{Infobox aircraft | ||
|name= C-1 Trader <br /> TF Trader | |name= C-1 Trader <br /> TF Trader | ||
| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
==Operational history== | ==Operational history== | ||
[[File:C-1A Trader landing on USS Midway (CV-41), circa in 1982.jpg|thumb|left|C-1 Trader lands on [[USS Midway (CV-41)]], 1982]] | [[File:C-1A Trader landing on USS Midway (CV-41), circa in 1982.jpg|thumb|left|C-1 Trader lands on [[USS Midway (CV-41)]], 1982]] | ||
Throughout the 1960s and 1970s the C-1 Trader carried mail and supplies to [[aircraft carrier]]s on station in the Pacific Ocean during the [[Vietnam War]] and also served as a trainer for all-weather carrier operations. Over its production life 87 C-1 Traders were built, of which four were converted into '''EC-1A Tracer''' [[electronic countermeasures]] aircraft.<ref>{{cite book |last= Donald |first= David |author2=Daniel J. March |title= Carrier Aviation Air Power Directory |year= 2001 |publisher= AIRtime Publishing |location= Norwalk, CT |isbn= 1-880588-43-9 }}</ref> The last C-1 was retired from USN service in 1988; it was the second-to-last radial-engine aircraft in U.S. military service (The last [[C-131]] wasn't retired until 1990). As of 2010, approximately ten were still airworthy in civil hands, operating as [[warbird]]s.{{citation needed|date=August 2010}} | Throughout the 1960s and 1970s the C-1 Trader carried mail and supplies to [[aircraft carrier]]s on station in the Pacific Ocean during the [[Vietnam War]] and also served as a trainer for all-weather carrier operations. Over its production life 87 C-1 Traders were built, of which four were converted into '''EC-1A Tracer''' [[electronic countermeasures]] aircraft.<ref>{{cite book |last= Donald |first= David |author2=Daniel J. March |title= Carrier Aviation Air Power Directory |year= 2001 |publisher= AIRtime Publishing |location= Norwalk, CT |isbn= 1-880588-43-9 }}</ref> The last C-1 was retired from USN service in 1988; it was the second-to-last radial-engine aircraft in U.S. military service (The last [[C-131]] wasn't retired until 1990). As of 2010, approximately ten were still airworthy in civil hands, operating as [[warbird]]s.{{citation needed|date=August 2010}} | ||
In 1956 the U.S. Marine Corps Test Unit Number 1 (MCTU #1) tested the concept of using the TF-1 variant as a vehicle for inserting reconnaissance teams behind enemy lines. | In 1956 the U.S. Marine Corps Test Unit Number 1 (MCTU #1) tested the concept of using the TF-1 variant as a vehicle for inserting reconnaissance teams behind enemy lines. "On 9 July 1956 MCTU Recon Marines became the first to parachute from a TF-1. Less than three weeks later, four recon parachutists launched from the [[USS Bennington (CV-20)|USS ''Bennington'']], which was 70 miles at sea, and jumped on a desert drop zone near El Centro California, some 100 miles inland. For the first time in Marine Corps and Naval Aviation history, the technique of introducing recon personnel off a carrier sea base to an inland objective had successfully been tested."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Lanning |first1=Michael Lee |last2=Stubbe |first2=Ray W. |date=1989 |title=Inside Force Recon |publisher=Ivy Books |page=34 |isbn=-08041-0301-1 |oclc=20084405 |ref=21}}</ref> | ||
In August 2010, [[Brazilian Naval Aviation]] announced that it would buy and modernize eight C-1 airframes to serve in | In August 2010, [[Brazilian Naval Aviation]] announced that it would buy and modernize eight C-1 airframes to serve in carrier onboard delivery and [[aerial refueling]] roles for use on its aircraft carrier [[Brazilian aircraft carrier São Paulo (A12)|''São Paulo'']].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/08/23/346412/brazilian-navy-buys-traders.html|title=Brazilian navy buys Traders}}</ref> In 2011 contract was signed with Marsh Aviation to convert four ex-US Navy C-1A Trader airframes into KC-2 Turbo Traders.<ref name=FG>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/brazilian-navy-restarts-kc-2-turbo-trader-contract-406169/|title = Brazilian Navy restarts KC-2 Turbo Trader contract|website=FlightGlobal}}</ref> The first KC-2 prototype flight was expected for November 2017 and the delivery of the first operational aircraft was scheduled for December 2018; in 2014 the contract was reaffirmed,<ref name="FG"/> but by 2023, with no aircraft having been delivered and ''São Paulo'' long since having been stricken, the contract was cancelled.<ref>{{cite web |title=Brazilian Navy kills KC-2 project 12 years later and without receiving any aircraft |url=https://www.riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/defense-updates/brazilian-navy-kills-kc-2-project-12-years-later-and-without-receiving-any-aircraft/ |access-date=14 November 2024 |work=[[The Rio Times]] |date=29 March 2023}}</ref> | ||
==Variants== | ==Variants== | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{ | * {{Commons category-inline}} | ||
{{Grumman aircraft}} | {{Grumman aircraft}} | ||
Latest revision as of 13:32, 22 June 2025
Template:Short description Template:Infobox aircraft
The Grumman C-1 Trader (TF prior to 1962) is a carrier onboard delivery (COD) variant of the Grumman S-2 Tracker. It was replaced by a similar version of the Northrop Grumman E-2 Hawkeye, the Grumman C-2 Greyhound. It entered service in 1956 and was retired in 1988, with 87 aircraft produced.
Design and development
The C-1 Trader grew out of a need by the United States Navy for a new anti-submarine airplane. In response to this Grumman began development on a prototype twin-engine, high-wing aircraft which it designated the G-89. In 1952 the Navy designated this aircraft the XS2F-1 and flew it for the first time on December 4 that year. During the rest of the 1950s three major variants emerged, the C-1 Trader being one of them. The C-1 (originally the TF-1, for "Trainer", a secondary role)[1] was outfitted to carry nine passengers or Template:Convert of cargo and first flew in January 1955.
Operational history
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Throughout the 1960s and 1970s the C-1 Trader carried mail and supplies to aircraft carriers on station in the Pacific Ocean during the Vietnam War and also served as a trainer for all-weather carrier operations. Over its production life 87 C-1 Traders were built, of which four were converted into EC-1A Tracer electronic countermeasures aircraft.[2] The last C-1 was retired from USN service in 1988; it was the second-to-last radial-engine aircraft in U.S. military service (The last C-131 wasn't retired until 1990). As of 2010, approximately ten were still airworthy in civil hands, operating as warbirds.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
In 1956 the U.S. Marine Corps Test Unit Number 1 (MCTU #1) tested the concept of using the TF-1 variant as a vehicle for inserting reconnaissance teams behind enemy lines. "On 9 July 1956 MCTU Recon Marines became the first to parachute from a TF-1. Less than three weeks later, four recon parachutists launched from the USS Bennington, which was 70 miles at sea, and jumped on a desert drop zone near El Centro California, some 100 miles inland. For the first time in Marine Corps and Naval Aviation history, the technique of introducing recon personnel off a carrier sea base to an inland objective had successfully been tested."[3]
In August 2010, Brazilian Naval Aviation announced that it would buy and modernize eight C-1 airframes to serve in carrier onboard delivery and aerial refueling roles for use on its aircraft carrier São Paulo.[4] In 2011 contract was signed with Marsh Aviation to convert four ex-US Navy C-1A Trader airframes into KC-2 Turbo Traders.[5] The first KC-2 prototype flight was expected for November 2017 and the delivery of the first operational aircraft was scheduled for December 2018; in 2014 the contract was reaffirmed,[5] but by 2023, with no aircraft having been delivered and São Paulo long since having been stricken, the contract was cancelled.[6]
Variants
- TF-1
- Carrier Onboard Delivery version of the S-2 Tracker with enlarged fuselage for nine passengers, redesignated C-1A in 1962, 87 built.
- TF-1Q
- Electronic Countermeasures conversion of the TF-1, redesignated EC-1A in 1962, four conversions.
- TF-1W
- Airborne Early Warning project that was developed in the WF-2 Tracer.
- C-1A
- TF-1 redesignated in 1962.
- EC-1A
- TF-1Q redesignated in 1962.
- KC-2 Turbo Trader
- Marsh Aviation modernization project for Air-to-Air Refueling, requested for the Brazilian Navy.[7]
- G-101
- proposed 10-12 seat passenger variant
- G-104
- proposed tanker variant
Operators
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- Script error: No such module "flag". (Retired)
Surviving aircraft
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- Airworthy
- BuNo 136752 – based at Lauridsen Aviation Museum in Buckeye, Arizona.[8][9]
- BuNo 136766 – privately owned in Carson City, Nevada.[10]
- BuNo 136773 – privately owned in Wilmington, Delaware.[11]
- BuNo 136778 – based at Champaign Aviation Museum in Urbana, Ohio.[12][13]
- BuNo 136781 – based at Pacific Coast Air Museum in Santa Rosa, California.[14][15]
- BuNo 146027 – privately owned in Wilmington, Delaware.[16]
- BuNo 146044 – privately owned in Oklahoma City, OK.[17]
- BuNo 146048 – privately owned in Reno, Nevada.[18]
- BuNo 146052 – based at Lone Star Flight Museum in Galveston, Texas.[19]
- On display
- BuNo 136754 – National Museum of Naval Aviation, NAS Pensacola, Pensacola, Florida.[20]
- BuNo 136790 – Grissom Air Museum, Grissom ARB (former Grissom AFB), Kokomo, Indiana.[21]
- BuNo 136792 – NAVSUP Weapon Systems Support Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[22] (formerly display at the Quonset Air Museum)
- BuNo 146034 – Wings of Freedom Aviation Museum, former NAS Willow Grove, Horsham, Pennsylvania.[23]
- BuNo 146036 – USS Midway Museum, San Diego, California.[24]
Specifications (C-1A)
See also
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
References
External links
Template:Grumman aircraft Template:US transport aircraft Template:USN trainer aircraft
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ a b Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ "Brazilian Traders set for modernisation" Fight Global, 14 Dec 2011 Retrieved: 23 December 2011
- ↑ Template:Usurped Lauridsen Aviation Museum. Retrieved: 6 August 2021.
- ↑ "FAA Registry/N71456." faa.gov Retrieved: 6 August 2021.
- ↑ "FAA Registry/N6193Z." faa.gov Retrieved: 6 August 2021.
- ↑ "FAA Registry/N6193N." faa.gov Retrieved: 6 August 2021.
- ↑ "Grumman C-1 Trader/136778." Champaign Aviation Museum. Retrieved: 6 August 2021.
- ↑ "FAA Registry/N778SR." faa.gov Retrieved: 6 August 2021.
- ↑ "Grumman C-1A Trader/136781." Pacific Coast Air Museum. Retrieved: 6 August 2021.
- ↑ "FAA Registry/N475AM." faa.gov Retrieved: 6 August 2021.
- ↑ "FAA Registry/N927BN." faa.gov Retrieved: 6 August 2021.
- ↑ "FAA Registry/N189G." faa.gov Retrieved: 3 January 2023.
- ↑ "FAA Registry/N7171M." faa.gov Retrieved: 6 August 2021.
- ↑ "FAA Registry/N81193." faa.gov Retrieved: 6 August 2021.
- ↑ "Grumman C-1A Trader/136754." National Naval Aviation Museum. Retrieved: 27 April 2016.
- ↑ "Grumman C-1A Trader/136790." Grissom Air Museum. Retrieved: 27 April 2016.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ "Grumman C-1A Trader/146034." Wings of Freedom Museum. Retrieved: 27 April 2016.
- ↑ "Grumman C-1A Trader/146036." USS Midway Museum. Retrieved: 27 April 2016.