Rosa multiflora: Difference between revisions
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| authority = [[Carl Peter Thunberg|Thunb.]] | | authority = [[Carl Peter Thunberg|Thunb.]] | ||
| synonyms = | | synonyms = | ||
* ''Rosa polyanthos'' <small>Rössig</small> | |||
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=POWO>{{cite POWO |id=77231459-1 |title=''Rosa multiflora'' Thunb. |access-date=13 July 2025}}</ref> | |||
| synonyms_ref = <ref>{{ | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''''Rosa multiflora''''' ([[synonym (biology)|syn.]] '''''Rosa polyantha''''')<ref name=P&R>{{cite book |title=The Ultimate Guide to Roses |author1=Roger Phillips |author2=Martyn Rix |publisher=Pan Macmillan Ltd |year=2004 |isbn=1-4050-4920-0 |page=262}}</ref> is a species of [[rose]] known commonly as '''multiflora rose''',<ref name=GRIN>{{GRIN |access-date=December 15, 2017}}</ref> '''baby rose''',<ref name=GRIN/> '''Japanese rose''',<ref name=GRIN/> '''many-flowered rose''',<ref name=GRIN/> '''seven-sisters rose''',<ref name=GRIN/> '''Eijitsu rose''' and '''rambler rose'''. It is native to eastern [[Asia]], in [[China]], [[Japan]], and [[Korea]]. It should not be confused with ''[[Rosa rugosa]]'', which is also known as "Japanese rose", or with [[polyantha rose]]s which are garden cultivars derived from hybrids of ''R. multiflora''. It was introduced to North America, where it is | '''''Rosa multiflora''''' ([[synonym (biology)|syn.]] '''''Rosa polyantha''''')<ref name=P&R>{{cite book |title=The Ultimate Guide to Roses |author1=Roger Phillips |author2=Martyn Rix |publisher=Pan Macmillan Ltd |year=2004 |isbn=1-4050-4920-0 |page=262}}</ref> is a species of [[rose]] known commonly as '''multiflora rose''',<ref name=GRIN>{{GRIN |access-date=December 15, 2017}}</ref> '''baby rose''',<ref name=GRIN/> '''Japanese rose''',<ref name=GRIN/> '''many-flowered rose''',<ref name=GRIN/> '''seven-sisters rose''',<ref name=GRIN/> '''Eijitsu rose''' and '''rambler rose'''. It is native to eastern [[Asia]], in [[China]], [[Japan]], and [[Korea]]. It should not be confused with ''[[Rosa rugosa]]'', which is also known as "Japanese rose", or with [[polyantha rose]]s which are garden cultivars derived from hybrids of ''R. multiflora''. It was introduced to North America, where it is an [[invasive species]], forming extensive, impenetrable stands within forest understories, thickets, borders, and lowlands. | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
It is a scrambling [[shrub]] climbing over other plants to a height of {{cvt|3|–|5|m|ftin}}, with stout stems with recurved [[Thorns, spines, and prickles|prickles]] (sometimes absent). The [[leaf|leaves]] are {{cvt|5|–|10|cm|0}} long, compound, with 5–9 leaflets and feathered stipules. The [[flower]]s are produced in large [[corymb]]s, each flower small, {{cvt|1.5|–|4|cm|in|frac=8}} diameter, white or pink, borne in early summer. The [[rose hip|hips]] are reddish to purple, {{cvt|6|–|8|mm|frac=128}} diameter. | It is a scrambling [[shrub]] climbing over other plants to a height of {{cvt|3|–|5|m|ftin}}, with stout stems with recurved [[Thorns, spines, and prickles|prickles]] (sometimes absent). The [[leaf|leaves]] are {{cvt|5|–|10|cm|0}} long, compound, with 5–9 leaflets and feathered stipules. The [[flower]]s are produced in large [[corymb]]s, each flower small, {{cvt|1.5|–|4|cm|in|frac=8}} diameter, white or pink, borne in early summer. The [[rose hip|hips]] are reddish to purple, {{cvt|6|–|8|mm|frac=128}} diameter. Two other [[variety (botany)|varieties]] have been identified which have many [[synonym (taxonomy)|synonyms]] of their own:<ref name=POWO/> | ||
* ''Rosa multiflora'' var. ''adenochaeta'' <small>(Koidz.) Ohwi</small> | |||
* ''Rosa multiflora'' var. ''cathayensis'' <small>Rehder & E.H.Wilson</small> | |||
As well as the type variety ''Rosa multiflora'' var. ''multiflora''. | |||
==Cultivation and uses== | ==Cultivation and uses== | ||
''Rosa multiflora'' is grown as an [[ornamental plant]] and also used as a [[rootstock]] for [[grafting|grafted]] ornamental rose [[cultivar]]s. | ''Rosa multiflora'' is grown as an [[ornamental plant]] and also used as a [[rootstock]] for [[grafting|grafted]] ornamental rose [[cultivar]]s. | ||
In eastern [[North America]], ''Rosa multiflora'' is considered an [[invasive species]]. It was originally introduced from Asia as a [[soil conservation]] measure, as a natural hedge to border grazing land, and to attract wildlife. | In eastern [[North America]], ''Rosa multiflora'' is considered an [[invasive species]]. It was originally introduced from Asia as a [[soil conservation]] measure, as a natural hedge to border grazing land, and to attract wildlife. In some regions the plant is classified as a [[noxious weed]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/romu1.htm |title=Multiflora Rose |author1=Carole Bergmann |author2=Jil M. Swearingen |publisher=U.S. National Park Service |access-date=March 27, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060404041241/http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/romu1.htm |archive-date=2006-04-04}}</ref> In grazing areas, it is generally considered to be a serious pest, though it is excellent fodder for [[goat]]s.<ref>{{citation |url=https://u.osu.edu/sheep/2020/06/02/control-of-multiflora-rose-in-pastures/ |title=Control of Multiflora Rose in Pastures |access-date=13 July 2025}}</ref> | ||
In some regions the plant is classified as a [[noxious weed]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/romu1.htm |title=Multiflora Rose |author1=Carole Bergmann |author2=Jil M. Swearingen |publisher=U.S. National Park Service |access-date=March 27, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060404041241/http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/romu1.htm |archive-date=2006-04-04}}</ref> In grazing areas, it is generally considered to be a serious pest, though it is | |||
The achene fruits (hips) of ''Rosa multiflora'' (referred to as "Eijitsu" or "Rosae fructus") are used to make a tea and in traditional medicine historically and in modern clinical practice to treat constipation.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kitahiro |first=Yumi |last2=Ikeda |first2=Hiroshi |last3=Im |first3=Hyoung-Tak |last4=Kodaira |first4=Eiichi |last5=Shibano |first5=Makio |date=2019-06-01 |title=Phytochemical characterization of ''Rosa multiflora'' Thunb. (Rosaceae) in Japan and South Korea, with a focus on the bioactive flavonol glycoside ‘multiflorin A’ |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11418-019-01302-x |journal=Journal of Natural Medicines |language=en |volume=73 |issue=3 |pages=555–565 |doi=10.1007/s11418-019-01302-x |issn=1861-0293|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=Eat the Planet|url=http://eattheplanet.org/multiflora-rose-an-invasive-but-nutritious-wild-edible/|title=Multiflora Rose, An Invasive But Nutritious Wild Edible|date=February 21, 2014 }}</ref> | |||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
Latest revision as of 02:11, 25 July 2025
Template:Short descriptionScript error: No such module "redirect hatnote".Template:Use mdy dates Template:Use American English Template:Speciesbox Rosa multiflora (syn. Rosa polyantha)[1] is a species of rose known commonly as multiflora rose,[2] baby rose,[2] Japanese rose,[2] many-flowered rose,[2] seven-sisters rose,[2] Eijitsu rose and rambler rose. It is native to eastern Asia, in China, Japan, and Korea. It should not be confused with Rosa rugosa, which is also known as "Japanese rose", or with polyantha roses which are garden cultivars derived from hybrids of R. multiflora. It was introduced to North America, where it is an invasive species, forming extensive, impenetrable stands within forest understories, thickets, borders, and lowlands.
Description
It is a scrambling shrub climbing over other plants to a height of Template:Cvt, with stout stems with recurved prickles (sometimes absent). The leaves are Template:Cvt long, compound, with 5–9 leaflets and feathered stipules. The flowers are produced in large corymbs, each flower small, Template:Cvt diameter, white or pink, borne in early summer. The hips are reddish to purple, Template:Cvt diameter. Two other varieties have been identified which have many synonyms of their own:[3]
- Rosa multiflora var. adenochaeta (Koidz.) Ohwi
- Rosa multiflora var. cathayensis Rehder & E.H.Wilson
As well as the type variety Rosa multiflora var. multiflora.
Cultivation and uses
Rosa multiflora is grown as an ornamental plant and also used as a rootstock for grafted ornamental rose cultivars.
In eastern North America, Rosa multiflora is considered an invasive species. It was originally introduced from Asia as a soil conservation measure, as a natural hedge to border grazing land, and to attract wildlife. In some regions the plant is classified as a noxious weed.[4] In grazing areas, it is generally considered to be a serious pest, though it is excellent fodder for goats.[5]
The achene fruits (hips) of Rosa multiflora (referred to as "Eijitsu" or "Rosae fructus") are used to make a tea and in traditional medicine historically and in modern clinical practice to treat constipation.[6][7]
Management
The targeted removal of multiflora rose often requires an aggressive technique, such as the full removal of the plant in addition to the root structure. Pruning and cutting back of the plant often leads to re-sprouting. Two natural biological controls include the rose rosette disease and the rose seed chalid (Megastigmus aculeastus var. nigroflavus).[8] Patches of introduced multiflora rose in Pennsylvania are displaying symptoms of rose rosette disease, which can lead to decline and death.[9]
Gallery
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Hips (fruits)
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Blossom of var. cathayensis on the Kuma River of Japan.
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References
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External links
- Species Profile – Multiflora Rose, National Invasive Species Information Center, United States National Agricultural Library. Lists general information and resources for Multiflora Rose.