Henry M. Hoyt: Difference between revisions
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Henry M. Hoyt |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2021}} | {{Use mdy dates|date=May 2021}} | ||
{{Infobox officeholder | {{Infobox officeholder | ||
|name= Henry Martyn Hoyt, Sr. | | name = Henry Martyn Hoyt, Sr. | ||
|image= Henry M. Hoyt - Brady-Handy.jpg | | image = Henry M. Hoyt - Brady-Handy.jpg | ||
|caption= | | caption = | ||
|order= 18th | | order = 18th | ||
|office= Governor of Pennsylvania | | office = Governor of Pennsylvania | ||
|term_start= January 21, 1879 | | term_start = January 21, 1879 | ||
|term_end= January 16, 1883 | | term_end = January 16, 1883 | ||
|lieutenant=[[Charles Warren Stone|Charles W. Stone]] | | lieutenant = [[Charles Warren Stone|Charles W. Stone]] | ||
|predecessor= [[John F. Hartranft]] | | predecessor = [[John F. Hartranft]] | ||
|successor= [[Robert E. Pattison]] | | successor = [[Robert E. Pattison]] | ||
|birth_date= {{Birth date|1830|06|08}} | | birth_date = {{Birth date|1830|06|08}} | ||
|birth_place= [[Kingston, Pennsylvania | | birth_place = [[Kingston, Pennsylvania]], US | ||
|death_date= {{death date and age|1892|12|1|1830|06|8}} | | death_date = {{death date and age|1892|12|1|1830|06|8}} | ||
|death_place= [[Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania | | death_place = [[Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania]], US | ||
|party= [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] | | party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] | ||
|profession= | | profession = | ||
|spouse= | | spouse = Mary Elizabeth Loveland (m.1855) | ||
|children=[[Henry Martyn Hoyt, Jr.]] | | children = 3 [[Henry Martyn Hoyt, Jr.]] | ||
|signature= Signature of Henry Martyn Hoyt, Sr. (1830–1892).png | | signature = Signature of Henry Martyn Hoyt, Sr. (1830–1892).png | ||
|footnotes= | | footnotes = | ||
|allegiance= | | allegiance = United States<br/>[[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] | ||
|branch= [[Union Army]] | | branch = [[Union Army]] | ||
|serviceyears=1861–1865 | | serviceyears = 1861–1865 | ||
|rank= | | rank = [[Colonel (United States)|Colonel]] <br> [[Brevet (military)|Bvt.]] [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier General]] | ||
|commands= [[52nd Pennsylvania Infantry]] | | commands = [[52nd Pennsylvania Infantry]] | ||
|unit= | | unit = | ||
|battles=[[American Civil War]] | | battles = [[American Civil War]] | ||
*[[Peninsula Campaign]] | *[[Peninsula Campaign]] | ||
*[[Second Battle of Charleston Harbor]] | *[[Second Battle of Charleston Harbor]] | ||
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==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
Henry M. Hoyt was born in [[Kingston, Pennsylvania]] | Henry M. Hoyt was born in [[Kingston, Pennsylvania]]. He attended lower education at [[Wyoming Seminary]]. He started higher-level classes at [[Lafayette College]], where he studied from 1845 until 1848. He transferred to [[Williams College]], graduating in 1849 with [[Phi Beta Kappa]] honors, as a member of [[Kappa Alpha Society]]. | ||
He attended lower education at [[Wyoming Seminary]]. He started higher-level classes at [[Lafayette College]], where he studied from 1845 until 1848. He transferred to [[Williams College]], graduating in 1849 with [[Phi Beta Kappa]] honors, as a member of [[Kappa Alpha Society]]. | |||
==Career== | ==Career== | ||
After graduating from Williams College, he returned to Pennsylvania, where | After graduating from Williams College, he returned to Pennsylvania, where he taught Mathematics at Wyoming Seminary from 1851 to 1853. Hoyt first held elected office as a district attorney. A member of the [[United States Whig Party|Whig Party]], Hoyt participated in [[John Fremont]]'s [[1860 United States presidential election|1856 presidential campaign]]. | ||
===Military career=== | ===Military career=== | ||
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After the war, Hoyt returned to his law practice. After briefly serving as a judge, he rose in influence with the [[United States Republican Party|Republican]] party and chaired the state Republican party from 1875 to 1876. | After the war, Hoyt returned to his law practice. After briefly serving as a judge, he rose in influence with the [[United States Republican Party|Republican]] party and chaired the state Republican party from 1875 to 1876. | ||
In 1878, he won the governor's seat, the third consecutive Civil War general to hold the office. During his term, the debt | In 1878, he won the governor's seat, the third consecutive Civil War general to hold the office. During his term, the state's debt was reduced to $10,000,000 and refunded at a rate of three percent. | ||
Hoyt wrote two books: ''Controversy between Connecticut and Pennsylvania'' (Philadelphia, 1879), about their competing colonial claims settled after the Revolutionary War; and ''Protection vs. Free Trade'' (New York, 1885). | Hoyt wrote two books: ''Controversy between Connecticut and Pennsylvania'' (Philadelphia, 1879), about their competing colonial claims settled after the Revolutionary War; and ''Protection vs. Free Trade'' (New York, 1885). | ||
==Personal life== | ==Personal life== | ||
On September 25, 1855, Hoyt married Mary Elizabeth Loveland (b. April 1833 – d. October 1890 in Luzerne County), the daughter of Elijah and Mary (née Buckingham) Loveland. They had three children together | On September 25, 1855, Hoyt married Mary Elizabeth Loveland (b. April 1833 – d. October 1890 in Luzerne County), the daughter of Elijah and Mary (née Buckingham) Loveland. They had three children together. [[Henry M. Hoyt (Solicitor general)|Henry Martyn Hoyt, Jr.]] (1856–1910) became solicitor general. | ||
Hoyt died in [[Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania|Wilkes-Barre]] on December 1, 1892.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/48726105/st-louis-post-dispatch/ |title=Ex-Gov. Henry M. Hoyt Died This Morning |newspaper=[[St. Louis Post-Dispatch]] |location=Wilkes-Barre |page=1 |date=1892-12-01 |access-date=2021-05-08 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> He is buried next to his wife in the [[Forty Fort]] Cemetery in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania. | Hoyt died in [[Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania|Wilkes-Barre]] on December 1, 1892.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/48726105/st-louis-post-dispatch/ |title=Ex-Gov. Henry M. Hoyt Died This Morning |newspaper=[[St. Louis Post-Dispatch]] |location=Wilkes-Barre |page=1 |date=1892-12-01 |access-date=2021-05-08 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> He is buried next to his wife in the [[Forty Fort]] Cemetery in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania. | ||
==Honors== | ==Honors== | ||
*In 1881 Hoyt was awarded the honorary degree of LL. D. from the [[University of Pennsylvania]] and also from [[Lafayette College]]. | *In 1881, Hoyt was awarded the honorary degree of LL. D. from the [[University of Pennsylvania]] and also from [[Lafayette College]]. | ||
*A residence hall in the South Halls section of the [[Pennsylvania State University]] at the [[University Park, Pennsylvania|University Park]] campus is named for him. | *A residence hall in the South Halls section of the [[Pennsylvania State University]] at the [[University Park, Pennsylvania|University Park]] campus is named for him. | ||
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[[Category:19th-century Pennsylvania state court judges]] | [[Category:19th-century Pennsylvania state court judges]] | ||
[[Category:19th-century American lawyers]] | [[Category:19th-century American lawyers]] | ||
[[Category:Chairs of the Republican State Committee of Pennsylvania]] | |||
Latest revision as of 19:01, 4 November 2025
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Henry Martyn Hoyt, Sr. (June 8, 1830 – December 1, 1892) was an American lawyer and politician and the 18th governor of Pennsylvania from 1879 to 1883,[1] as well as an officer in the Union army during the American Civil War.
Early life
Henry M. Hoyt was born in Kingston, Pennsylvania. He attended lower education at Wyoming Seminary. He started higher-level classes at Lafayette College, where he studied from 1845 until 1848. He transferred to Williams College, graduating in 1849 with Phi Beta Kappa honors, as a member of Kappa Alpha Society.
Career
After graduating from Williams College, he returned to Pennsylvania, where he taught Mathematics at Wyoming Seminary from 1851 to 1853. Hoyt first held elected office as a district attorney. A member of the Whig Party, Hoyt participated in John Fremont's 1856 presidential campaign.
Military career
As a soldier in the Civil War, Hoyt was initially commissioned as Lieutenant Colonel, then as colonel of the 52nd Pennsylvania Infantry. He led it during the Peninsula Campaign and subsequent actions of the Army of the Potomac until January 1863, when the regiment was ordered to Charleston, South Carolina.
He participated in the siege of Morris Island under Brig. Gen. Quincy A. Gillmore. Hoyt led troops in a rare night attack on Fort Johnson, stealthily arriving in the darkness via boats. He initially captured the fort, but was unable to hold it for lack of reinforcements. He and many of his men were captured in a Confederate counterattack. After being confined in a prisoner-of-war camp in Macon, Georgia, Hoyt was taken back to Charleston. He escaped briefly before being recaptured.
Upon his eventual exchange, he rejoined his regiment. He served with them until the close of the war, when he was mustered out with the rank of brevet brigadier general.
Law career
After the war, Hoyt returned to his law practice. After briefly serving as a judge, he rose in influence with the Republican party and chaired the state Republican party from 1875 to 1876.
In 1878, he won the governor's seat, the third consecutive Civil War general to hold the office. During his term, the state's debt was reduced to $10,000,000 and refunded at a rate of three percent.
Hoyt wrote two books: Controversy between Connecticut and Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, 1879), about their competing colonial claims settled after the Revolutionary War; and Protection vs. Free Trade (New York, 1885).
Personal life
On September 25, 1855, Hoyt married Mary Elizabeth Loveland (b. April 1833 – d. October 1890 in Luzerne County), the daughter of Elijah and Mary (née Buckingham) Loveland. They had three children together. Henry Martyn Hoyt, Jr. (1856–1910) became solicitor general.
Hoyt died in Wilkes-Barre on December 1, 1892.[2] He is buried next to his wife in the Forty Fort Cemetery in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania.
Honors
- In 1881, Hoyt was awarded the honorary degree of LL. D. from the University of Pennsylvania and also from Lafayette College.
- A residence hall in the South Halls section of the Pennsylvania State University at the University Park campus is named for him.
See also
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Notes
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- ↑ "The Governors of Pennsylvania." Mount Union, Pennsylvania: The Mount Union Times, January 27, 1911, p. 1 (subscription required).
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References
- State of Pennsylvania official webpage for Governor Hoyt
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External links
Template:Governors and Presidents of Pennsylvania Template:Authority control
- Pages with script errors
- Pages with broken file links
- Wikipedia articles incorporating text from Appleton's Cyclopedia
- 1830 births
- 1892 deaths
- People from Kingston, Pennsylvania
- American people of English descent
- Pennsylvania Whigs
- Pennsylvania Republicans
- Governors of Pennsylvania
- Republican Party governors of Pennsylvania
- Union army colonels
- Pennsylvania state court judges
- Pennsylvania lawyers
- People of Pennsylvania in the American Civil War
- American Civil War prisoners of war
- Williams College alumni
- Wyoming Seminary alumni
- 19th-century Pennsylvania state court judges
- 19th-century American lawyers
- Chairs of the Republican State Committee of Pennsylvania