1452: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Next edit →
VisualWikitext
imported>Redaktor GLAM
Higher resolution version of image
 
imported>Mandsford
→April–June: Eliminate May 31 beginning of Ghent war, case of March-May confusion; add Brechin and China and Joan of Arc
Line 2: Line 2:
{{About year|1452}}
{{About year|1452}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2017}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2017}}
[[File:Frederick III Coronation Tapestry.jpg|250px|thumb|[[March 19]]: Frederick III is crowned as the new Holy Roman Emperor at Rome.]]
{{Year nav|1452}}
{{Year nav|1452}}
{{C15 year in topic}}Year '''1452''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCDLII]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Saturday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].
{{C15 year in topic}}Year '''1452''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCDLII]]''') was a [[leap year starting on Saturday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].
Line 8: Line 9:
<onlyinclude>
<onlyinclude>


=== January&ndash;December ===
=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 19]] &ndash; In [[Mongolia]], [[Taisun Khan]], the reigning [[List of Northern Yuan khans|khagan]] of the [[Northern Yuan]] dynasty, is killed while fleeing after a defeat at [[Turfan]] in a war with [[Esen Taishi]]. Taisun's younger brother, [[Agbarjin]], becomes the new khagan.<ref>{{cite book|author=Alan J.K. Sanders|title=Historical Dictionary of Mongolia|url=|date=2010|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7452-7|pages=xxvii}}</ref>
* [[February 22]] &ndash; [[William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas]] is killed by [[James II of Scotland]], at [[Stirling Castle]].
* [[February]] &ndash; [[Alexăndrel of Moldavia|Alexăndrel]] retakes the throne of [[Moldavia]], in his long struggle with [[Petru Aron]].
* [[February]] &ndash; [[Alexăndrel of Moldavia|Alexăndrel]] retakes the throne of [[Moldavia]], in his long struggle with [[Petru Aron]].
* [[February 22]] &ndash; [[William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas]] is killed by [[James II of Scotland]], at [[Stirling Castle]].
* [[March 17]] &ndash; ''[[Reconquista]]'' &ndash; [[Battle of Los Alporchones]] (around the city of [[Lorca, Spain|Lorca]] in [[Murcia]]): The combined forces of the [[Kingdom of Castile]], and its subsidiary kingdom of [[Region of Murcia|Murcia]], defeat the [[Emirate of Granada]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Thomas Devaney|title=Enemies in the Plaza: Urban Spectacle and the End of Spanish Frontier Culture, 1460-1492|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xzbKBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA158|date=3 April 2015|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-8122-9134-6|pages=158}}</ref>
* [[March 17]] &ndash; ''[[Reconquista]]'' &ndash; [[Battle of Los Alporchones]] (around the city of [[Lorca, Spain|Lorca]] in [[Murcia]]): The combined forces of the [[Kingdom of Castile]], and its subsidiary kingdom of [[Region of Murcia|Murcia]], defeat the [[Emirate of Granada]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Thomas Devaney|title=Enemies in the Plaza: Urban Spectacle and the End of Spanish Frontier Culture, 1460-1492|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xzbKBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA158|date=3 April 2015|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-8122-9134-6|pages=158}}</ref>
* [[March 19]] &ndash; [[Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor]], becomes the last to be crowned in [[Rome]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.onthisday.com/events/date/1452|title=Historical Events in 1452|work=OnThisDay.com|access-date=2017-08-08|language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 19]] &ndash; [[Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor]], becomes the last to be crowned in [[Rome]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.onthisday.com/events/date/1452|title=Historical Events in 1452|work=OnThisDay.com|access-date=2017-08-08|language=en}}</ref>
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[Revolt of Ghent (1449–53)|Revolt of Ghent]]: [[Philip the Good]], Duke of Burgundy, officially declares war on [[Ghent]].
* [[March 31]] &ndash; In an attempt to end the [[Ghent War (1449–1453)|rebellion in Ghent]], [[Philip the Good]], Duke of Burgundy, declares war against the Ghentenaar rebels.<ref>Richard Vaughan, ''Philip the Good: The Apogee of Burgundy'' (Boydell Press, 2002), {{ISBN|0851159176}}, p.128 </ref>
 
=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 27]] &ndash; [[George of Poděbrady]] is elected as regent of Bohemia until [[Ladislaus the Posthumous|King Ladislaus of Hungary]] reaches the age of majority.<ref>{{cite book |last=Šmahel |first=František |editor1-last=Pánek |editor1-first=Jaroslav |editor2-last=Tůma |editor2-first=Oldřich | title=A History of the Czech Lands |publisher=Charles University in Prague |year=2011 |pages=164 |chapter=The Hussite Revolution (1419–1471) |isbn=978-80-246-1645-2}}</ref>
* [[May 2]] &ndash; [[Jean Bréhal]], chief of the French inquisition, [[Rehabilitation trial of Joan of Arc|reopens the case]] of [[Joan of Arc]], who had been executed more than 20 years earlier for heresy and begins taking testimony from witnesses.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Pernoud|first=Régine|year=2007|title=The Retrial of Joan of Arc; The Evidence at the Trial For Her Rehabilitation 1450–1456|location=San Francisco|publisher=Harcourt, Brace and Company|orig-year=1955|page=261|url=https://archive.org/details/retrialofjoanofa00regi|url-access=registration|isbn=9781586171780|oclc=1338471}}</ref>
* [[May 4]] &ndash; [[Pope John XI of Alexandria]], leader of the Coptic Christian church since 1427, dies, leaving a vacancy in the Coptic papacy.
* [[May 18]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Brechin]] is fought in [[Scotland]] between the royalist supporters of [[Clan Gordon]] (led by [[Alexander Gordon, 1st Earl of Huntly]]) and the rebels of [[Clan Lindsay]], led by [[Alexander Lindsay, 4th Earl of Crawford]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Lawson |first=John Parker |author-link=John Parker Lawson |year=1839 |title=Historical Tales of the Wars of Scotland, And of the Border Raids, Forays and Conflicts |url=https://archive.org/details/historicaltaleso01lawsuoft/page/n7/mode/2up |volume=1 |location=Edinburgh, London and Dublin |publisher=[[Archibald Fullarton]] |pages=215-217 [https://archive.org/details/historicaltaleso01lawsuoft/page/214/mode/2up 215]|access-date=November 7, 2021}}</ref> Clan Gordon wins and the Lindsays submit to the authority of King James II.
* [[May 20]] &ndash; China's [[Jingtai Emperor|Emperor Daizhong]], brother of the former emperor [[Emperor Yingzong of Ming|Yingzong]], [[Jingtai Emperor's change of heirs apparent|designates his son as the new heir to the throne]], demoting Daizhong's son [[Chenghua Emperor|Zhu Jianshen]] and placing his own son, [[:zh:朱见济|Zhu Janji]], as next in line for the throne.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Goodrich |first1=L. Carington |title=Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368-1644 |last2=Fang |first2=Chaoying |author-link2=Fang Chao-ying |publisher=Columbia University Press |year=1976 |page=296|isbn=0-231-03801-1 |location=New York}}</ref>
* [[June 18]] &ndash; [[Pope Nicholas V]] issues the [[papal bull|bull]] ''[[Dum Diversas]]'', legitimising the [[Colonialism|colonial]] [[History of slavery|slave trade]].
* [[June 18]] &ndash; [[Pope Nicholas V]] issues the [[papal bull|bull]] ''[[Dum Diversas]]'', legitimising the [[Colonialism|colonial]] [[History of slavery|slave trade]].
* [[October]]
 
** English troops under [[John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury]], land in [[Guyenne]], France, and retake most of the province without a fight.
=== July&ndash;September ===
** [[Byzantine–Ottoman Wars]]: The Ottoman governor of [[Thessaly]], [[Turakhan Beg]], breaks through the [[Hexamilion wall]] for the fourth time, and ravages the [[Peloponnese]] Peninsula to prevent the Byzantine [[Despotate of the Morea]] from assisting [[Constantinople]], during the [[Fall of Constantinople|final Ottoman siege]] of the imperial capital.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Papacy and the Levant (1204–1571), volume '''II''': The Fifteenth Century|last=Setton|first=Kenneth M.|year=1978|publisher=DIANE Publishing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Sz2VYI0l1IC |isbn=0-87169-127-2|page=146}}</ref>
* [[July 21]] &ndash; The [[League of God's House]] signs a peace treaty with the counts of Ortenstein in the Swiss [[Canton of Graubünden]] to fund the rebuilding of [[Ortenstein Castle]], as long as they promise never to use the castle against the League.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.burgenwelt.org/schweiz/ober_tagstein/index.htm |title=Burg Ortenstein |access-date=15 March 2017 |website=www.burgenwelt.ch}}</ref>
* [[July 26]] &ndash; The [[University of Valence]] is founded in [[France]] by the [[Louis XI of France|Dauphin Louis]], son of [[Charles VII of France|King Charles VII]]. The university lasts for 330 years until being closed during the [[French Revolution]].<ref>{{Catholic|wstitle=University of Valence}}</ref>
* [[August 10]] (25th day of 7th month of [[Hōtoku|Hōtoku 4]] &ndash; The [[Kyōtoku]] era is proclaimed in Japan during the reign of the [[Emperor Go-Hanazono]].
* [[September 14]] &ndash; Serbian General [[Thomas Kantakouzenos]] leads troops in an invasion of the [[Principality of Zeta]] but is driven back by the Prince of Zeta, [[Stefan Crnojević]].<ref>Donald M. Nicol, ''The Byzantine Family of Kantakouzenos (Cantacuzenus), ca. 1100–1460: A Genealogical and Prosopographical Study'' (Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, 1968) p.183. OCLC 390843</ref>
* [[September 23]] &ndash; [[Pope Matthew II of Alexandria]] is elected as the new Patriarch of the Coptic Christian Church, succeeding [[Pope John XI of Alexandria|Pope John XI]], who died on May 4.
 
=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 17]] &ndash; English troops under [[John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury]], land in [[Guyenne]], in France, in order to recapture and retake most of the province Guyenne province.<ref>David Nicolle, ''The Fall of English France, 1449–53'' (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2012) {{ISBN|1849086176}}</ref>
* [[October 23]] &ndash; The [[John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury|Earl of Shrewsbury]] and his army capture [[Bordeaux]], capital of [[Gascony]], after having taken back most of the province without resistance.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Wagner |first=J. |url=http://dl.lilibook.ir/2016/03/Encyclopedia-of-the-Hundred-Years-War.pdf |title=Encyclopedia of the Hundred Years War |date=2006 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=978-0-3133-2736-0 |location=Westport, CT|page=75 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716235643/http://dl.lilibook.ir/2016/03/Encyclopedia-of-the-Hundred-Years-War.pdf |archive-date=16 July 2018 }}</ref>
* [[October]] &ndash; [[Byzantine–Ottoman Wars]]: The Ottoman governor of [[Thessaly]], [[Turakhan Beg]], breaks through the [[Hexamilion wall]] for the fourth time, and ravages the [[Peloponnese]] Peninsula to prevent the Byzantine [[Despotate of the Morea]] from assisting [[Constantinople]], during the [[Fall of Constantinople|final Ottoman siege]] of the imperial capital.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Papacy and the Levant (1204–1571), volume '''II''': The Fifteenth Century|last=Setton|first=Kenneth M.|year=1978|publisher=DIANE Publishing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Sz2VYI0l1IC |isbn=0-87169-127-2|page=146}}</ref>
* [[November 23]] &ndash; The [[Appenzell|Canton of Appenzell]] becomes an associate member of the [[Old Swiss Confederacy|Swiss Confederacy]]. Full membership will be granted more than 50 years later in [[1513]].
* [[December 12]] &ndash; [[Isidore of Kiev]], the [[Latin Patriarch of Constantinople]], proclaims the union of the Greek and Latin churches at the [[Hagia Sophia]] in hopes of an alliance with Western Christians to prevent the loss of Consttantinople to the Ottoman Turks.<ref >[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/295409/Isidore-Of-Kiev Isidore of Kiev], [[Encyclopædia Britannica]], 2008, O.Ed.</ref>


=== Date unknown ===
=== Date unknown ===

Revision as of 21:30, 25 June 2025

Template:Use mdy dates Template:About year Template:More citations needed

File:Frederick III Coronation Tapestry.jpg
March 19: Frederick III is crowned as the new Holy Roman Emperor at Rome.

Template:Year nav Script error: No such module "Sidebar". Script error: No such module "Year in various calendars".Year 1452 (MCDLII) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–March

April–June

July–September

October–December

Date unknown

Births

File:Santa Joana, Princesa de Portugal.jpg
Joanna, Princess of Portugal

Deaths

Template:Multiple image

File:Conrad IV arrests his brother Conrad VII.jpg
Konrad VII the White
File:Reinhard III. von Hanau.jpg
Reinhard III, Count of Hanau

References

Template:Reflist

  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  4. ↑ Richard Vaughan, Philip the Good: The Apogee of Burgundy (Boydell Press, 2002), Template:ISBN, p.128
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  6. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  8. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  9. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  10. ↑ Template:Catholic
  11. ↑ Donald M. Nicol, The Byzantine Family of Kantakouzenos (Cantacuzenus), ca. 1100–1460: A Genealogical and Prosopographical Study (Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, 1968) p.183. OCLC 390843
  12. ↑ David Nicolle, The Fall of English France, 1449–53 (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2012) Template:ISBN
  13. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  14. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  15. ↑ Isidore of Kiev, Encyclopædia Britannica, 2008, O.Ed.
  16. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  17. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  18. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  19. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  20. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  21. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  22. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  23. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  24. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
Retrieved from "http://debianws.lexgopc.com/wiki143/index.php?title=1452&oldid=729786"