Spectacled warbler: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of bird}} | {{Short description|Species of bird}} | ||
{{distinguish| | {{distinguish|speckled warbler}} | ||
{{Speciesbox | {{Speciesbox | ||
| image = Fauvette à lunettes Aqueduc de Zaghouan.jpg | | image = Fauvette à lunettes Aqueduc de Zaghouan.jpg | ||
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| status = LC | | status = LC | ||
| status_system = IUCN3.1 | | status_system = IUCN3.1 | ||
| status_ref = <ref>{{cite iucn| | | status_ref = <ref>{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International. |year=2024 |title=''Curruca conspicillata'' |volume=2024 |article-number=e.T22716976A264535453 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T22716976A264535453.en |access-date=6 August 2025}}</ref> | ||
| genus = Curruca | | genus = Curruca | ||
| species = conspicillata | | species = conspicillata | ||
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}} | }} | ||
The '''spectacled warbler''' ('''''Curruca conspicillata''''') is a [[species]] in the [[ | The '''spectacled warbler''' ('''''Curruca conspicillata''''') is a [[species]] of [[passerine]] [[bird]] in the warbler [[genus]] ''[[Curruca]]'' in the family [[Sylviidae]]. The specific ''conspicillata'' is from [[Latin]] ''conspicillum'', a place to look from, equivalent to "spectacled".<ref name=job>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher= Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n117 117], 376}}</ref> | ||
It breeds in northwest [[Africa]], southwest [[Europe]] from [[Iberian Peninsula|Iberia]] to [[Italy]], and then further east on the eastern [[Mediterranean]] islands and coastal regions. It is mainly resident in Africa, but other populations [[bird migration|migrate]] to winter more widely in north and west [[Africa]] and [[Egypt]]. This [[bird]] is a rare vagrant to northern and western [[Europe]]. | It breeds in northwest [[Africa]], southwest [[Europe]] from [[Iberian Peninsula|Iberia]] to [[Italy]], and then further east on the eastern [[Mediterranean]] islands and coastal regions. It is mainly resident in Africa, but other populations [[bird migration|migrate]] to winter more widely in north and west [[Africa]] and [[Egypt]]. This [[bird]] is a rare vagrant to northern and western [[Europe]]. | ||
It also occurs in some [[Atlantic]] islands. The [[subspecies]] ''orbitalis'' has been proposed for those of the [[Cape Verde Islands]]. The presumed subspecies for the [[Madeira]] birds, ''bella'', is today usually included in this [[taxon]], as are the birds of the [[Canary Islands]], where the species is quite common except on [[El Hierro]] and known as ''zarzalero y ratonero''.<ref>Álamo Tavío, Manuel | It also occurs in some [[Atlantic]] islands. The [[subspecies]] ''orbitalis'' has been proposed for those of the [[Cape Verde Islands]]. The presumed subspecies for the [[Madeira]] birds, ''bella'', is today usually included in this [[taxon]], as are the birds of the [[Canary Islands]], where the species is quite common except on [[El Hierro]] and known as ''zarzalero y ratonero''.<ref>{{cite book|author=Álamo Tavío, Manuel |year=1975|chapter-url=http://bdigital.ulpgc.es/mdc/texto/pdf/057627_0000.pdf |chapter=Aves de Fuerteventura en peligro de extinción|editor=Asociación Canaria para Defensa de la Naturaleza|title=Aves y plantas de Fuerteventura en peligro de extinción|pages= 10–32|location= Las Palmas de Gran Canaria}}{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | ||
These are very small "warblers" and are intermediate between [[common whitethroat]]s and [[Tristram's warbler]] in coloration. Spectacled warblers are brown above and buff below, with chestnut wing patches and a white throat. Adult males have a grey head and the white eye ring which gives the species its name. Immature birds can be confused with both the whitethroat and the [[western subalpine warbler]], and identification is difficult in the field. The song is a fast high warble. | These are very small "warblers" and are intermediate between [[common whitethroat]]s and [[Tristram's warbler]] in coloration. Spectacled warblers are brown above and buff below, with chestnut wing patches and a white throat. Adult males have a grey head and the white eye ring which gives the species its name. Immature birds can be confused with both the whitethroat and the [[western subalpine warbler]], and identification is difficult in the field. The song is a fast high warble. | ||
About the precise relationships of this bird, not much can be said with certainty. It seems as if its intermediate appearance, apart from the [[autapomorph]]ic white eye ring, indicates its relationships reasonably well. At least, it is not the closest living relative of Tristram's warbler.<ref>Helbig, A. J. | About the precise relationships of this bird, not much can be said with certainty. It seems as if its intermediate appearance, apart from the [[autapomorph]]ic white eye ring, indicates its relationships reasonably well. At least, it is not the closest living relative of Tristram's warbler.<ref>{{cite book|author=Helbig, A. J. |year=2001|chapter= Phylogeny and biogeography of the genus ''Sylvia''|editor= Shirihai, Hadoram|title=Sylvia warblers|pages=24–29|publisher= Princeton University Press|location= Princeton, N.J. |isbn=0-691-08833-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Jønsson, Knud A. |author2= Fjeldså, Jon |year=2006|title= A phylogenetic supertree of oscine passerine birds (Aves: Passeri)|journal=[[Zoologica Scripta|Zool. Scripta]]|volume=35|issue=2|pages= 149–186|doi=10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00221.x}}</ref> | ||
These small [[passerine]] birds are found in dry open country with bushes. 3-6 eggs are laid in a nest in a bush. Like its relatives, the spectacled warbler is insectivorous. | These small [[passerine]] birds are found in dry open country with bushes. 3-6 eggs are laid in a nest in a bush. Like its relatives, the spectacled warbler is insectivorous. | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{Commons category-inline| | {{Commons category-inline|Curruca conspicillata|Spectacled warbler}} | ||
* {{Wikispecies-inline|Sylvia conspicillata|Spectacled warbler}} | * {{Wikispecies-inline|Sylvia conspicillata|Spectacled warbler}} | ||
* Madeira Birds: [http://www.madeirabirds.com/spectacle_warbler Spectacled warbler] | * Madeira Birds: [http://www.madeirabirds.com/spectacle_warbler Spectacled warbler] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:42, 5 October 2025
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The spectacled warbler (Curruca conspicillata) is a species of passerine bird in the warbler genus Curruca in the family Sylviidae. The specific conspicillata is from Latin conspicillum, a place to look from, equivalent to "spectacled".[1]
It breeds in northwest Africa, southwest Europe from Iberia to Italy, and then further east on the eastern Mediterranean islands and coastal regions. It is mainly resident in Africa, but other populations migrate to winter more widely in north and west Africa and Egypt. This bird is a rare vagrant to northern and western Europe.
It also occurs in some Atlantic islands. The subspecies orbitalis has been proposed for those of the Cape Verde Islands. The presumed subspecies for the Madeira birds, bella, is today usually included in this taxon, as are the birds of the Canary Islands, where the species is quite common except on El Hierro and known as zarzalero y ratonero.[2]
These are very small "warblers" and are intermediate between common whitethroats and Tristram's warbler in coloration. Spectacled warblers are brown above and buff below, with chestnut wing patches and a white throat. Adult males have a grey head and the white eye ring which gives the species its name. Immature birds can be confused with both the whitethroat and the western subalpine warbler, and identification is difficult in the field. The song is a fast high warble.
About the precise relationships of this bird, not much can be said with certainty. It seems as if its intermediate appearance, apart from the autapomorphic white eye ring, indicates its relationships reasonably well. At least, it is not the closest living relative of Tristram's warbler.[3][4]
These small passerine birds are found in dry open country with bushes. 3-6 eggs are laid in a nest in a bush. Like its relatives, the spectacled warbler is insectivorous.
References
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Further reading
- Shirihai, Hadoram, Alan Harris and David Cottridge (1991) Identification of Spectacled Warbler British Birds 84(10):423-430