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Add. English name acc. to : https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18860 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Calidris_ruficollis https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22693383/270814378 https://www.nzbirdsonline.org.nz/species/red-necked-stint https://waders.org.au/about-waders/shorebird-identification/waders-regularly-seen-in-australia-p-t/red-necked-stint/ https://gena.birding.day/v2taxon.php?s=288&l=en https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=BBDF2F1BAC640E4D https://www.biodi |
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{{Speciesbox | {{Speciesbox | ||
| image = Red-necked Stint - Boat Harbour.jpg | | image = Red-necked Stint - Boat Harbour.jpg | ||
| image_caption = | | image_caption = Non-breeding plumage in [[New South Wales]], Australia | ||
| status = NT | | status = NT | ||
| status_system = IUCN3.1 | | status_system = IUCN3.1 | ||
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Calidris ruficollis'' |volume=2016 | | | status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Calidris ruficollis'' |volume=2016 |article-number=e.T22693383A93401907 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22693383A93401907.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref> | ||
| taxon = Calidris ruficollis | | taxon = Calidris ruficollis | ||
| authority = ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1776) | | authority = ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1776) | ||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''red-necked stint''' ('''''Calidris ruficollis''''') is a small migratory [[wader]]. The | The '''red-necked stint''' or '''rufous-necked stint''' ('''''Calidris ruficollis''''') is a small migratory [[wader]] that breeds in northeast Russia and spends the non-breeding season along the coastlines of [[Southeast Asia]] and [[Australasia]]. | ||
==Taxonomy== | |||
The red-necked stint was [[species description|formally described]] in 1776 by the German naturalist [[Peter Simon Pallas]] under the [[binomial name]] ''Trynga ruficollis''.<ref>{{ cite book | last=Pallas | first=Peter Simon | author-link=Peter Simon Pallas | year=1776 | title=Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des Russischen Reichs | volume=3 | language=German, Latin | location=Saint Petersburg | publisher=Kayserlichen Academie der Wissenschaften | page=700 | url=https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN33004978X?tify=%7B%22pages%22%3A%5B250%5D%2C%22view%22%3A%22info%22%7D }}</ref> The specific epithet ''ruficollis'' is [[Modern Latin]] meaning "red-necked" from [[Latin]] ''rufus'' meaning "red" or "rufous" and ''-collis'' meaning "-necked" or "-throated".<ref>{{ cite web | last=Jobling | first=James A. | title=ruficollis | work=The Key to Scientific Names | url=https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/key-to-scientific-names/search?q=ruficollis | publisher=Cornell Lab of Ornithology | access-date=21 October 2025 }}</ref> The [[type locality (biology)|type locality]] is southern [[Transbaikal]] in eastern [[Siberia]].<ref>{{ cite book | last=Ridgway | first=Robert | author-link=Robert Ridgway | year=1919 | chapter=''Pisobia ruficollis'' (Pallas) | title=The Birds of North and Middle America | series=Bulletin of the United States National Museum. Volume 50, Part 8 | location=Washington | publisher=Smithsonian Institution | pages=290-294 [292] | chapter-url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7744798 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite book | editor-last=Peters | editor-first=James Lee | editor-link=James L. Peters | year=1934 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=2 | publisher=Harvard University Press | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=282 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14483095 }}</ref> The red-necked stint is now placed with 23 other species in the genus ''[[Calidris]]'' that was introduced in 1804 by the German naturalist [[Blasius Merrem]]. The species is [[monotypic]], with no [[subspecies]] recognised.<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela C. Rasmussen | date=February 2025 | title=Sandpipers, snipes, coursers | work=IOC World Bird List Version 15.1 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/sandpipers/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=21 October 2025 }}</ref> Within the genus ''Calidris'' the red-necked stint is most closely related to the [[spoon-billed sandpiper]] (''Calidris pygmaea'').<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Černý | first1=David | last2=Natale | first2=Rossy | date=2022 | title=Comprehensive taxon sampling and vetted fossils help clarify the time tree of shorebirds (Aves, Charadriiformes) | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=177 | article-number=107620 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107620|url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2021/07/16/2021.07.15.452585.full.pdf }}</ref> | |||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
These birds are among the smallest of waders, very similar to the [[little stint]], ''Calidris minuta'', with which they were once considered conspecific. The red-necked stint's small size, fine dark bill, dark legs and quicker movements distinguish this species from all waders except the other dark-legged stints. It measures {{convert|13|-|17|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length, {{convert|28|-|37|cm|in|abbr=on}} in wingspan and {{convert|21|-|51|g|oz|abbr=on}} in | These birds are among the smallest of waders, very similar to the [[little stint]], ''Calidris minuta'', with which they were once considered conspecific. The red-necked stint's small size, fine dark bill, dark legs and quicker movements distinguish this species from all waders except the other dark-legged stints. It measures {{convert|13|-|17|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length, {{convert|28|-|37|cm|in|abbr=on}} in wingspan, and {{convert|21|-|51|g|oz|abbr=on}} in weight.<ref name=CRC/> It can be distinguished from the [[western sandpiper]] and the [[semipalmated sandpiper]] in all plumages by its combination of a fine bill tip, unwebbed toes, and longer primary projection. | ||
The breeding adult has an unstreaked orange breast, bordered with dark markings below, and a white V on its back. In winter plumage identification is difficult, although it is shorter legged and longer winged than the [[little stint]]. Juveniles have more contrasting mantle plumage and weaker white lines down the back than their relative. The call is a hoarse "stit". | The breeding adult has an unstreaked orange breast, bordered with dark markings below, and a white V on its back. In winter plumage identification is difficult, although it is shorter legged and longer winged than the [[little stint]]. Juveniles have more contrasting mantle plumage and weaker white lines down the back than their relative. The call is a hoarse "stit". | ||
==Distribution and habitat== | ==Distribution and habitat== | ||
Red-necked stints are strongly [[bird migration|migratory]], breeding along the [[Arctic]] [[littoral]] of eastern [[Palearctic|Eurasia]] and spending the non-breeding season in [[ | Red-necked stints are strongly [[bird migration|migratory]], breeding along the [[Arctic]] [[littoral]] of eastern [[Palearctic|Eurasia]] and spending the non-breeding season in [[Southeast Asia]] and [[Australasia]] as far south as [[Tasmania]] and [[New Zealand]]. They are rare vagrants to western [[Europe]], with records from Belgium, Denmark, Great Britain, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Sweden.<ref>{{cite book | last1=Alström | first1=Per | last2=Colston | first2=Peter | title=A Field Guide to the Rare Birds of Britain and Europe | publisher=HarperCollins |date=1991 | isbn=0-00-219917-3 | pages=119–121}}</ref> They are often seen in western [[Alaska]] and occasionally elsewhere in the [[Americas]]. | ||
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
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===Breeding=== | ===Breeding=== | ||
The breeding habitat is low altitude [[tundra]] usually in dry raised areas. The birds have only a low degree of site fidelity. The eggs are laid in June. The nest is a shallow depression lined with leaves and grass. The clutch of 3 or 4 eggs is incubated for 20-22 days by both parents. The females leaves soon after the eggs hatch while the male continues to care for the chicks until they fledge at 16-17 days. Only a single brood is raised each year.<ref name=hbw>{{ cite book | last1=Piersma | first1=T. | last2=van Gils | first2=J. | last3=Wiersma | first3=P. | year=1996 | chapter=Family Scolopacidae (Snipes, Sandpipers and Phalaropes) | editor1-last=del Hoyo | editor1-first=J. | editor2-last=Elliott | editor2-first=A. | editor3-last=Sargatal | editor3-first=J. | title=Handbook of the Birds of the World | volume=3: Hoatzin to Auks | location=Barcelona, Spain | publisher=Lynx Edicions | isbn=978-84-87334-20-7 | pages=444-533 [521] | chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/handbookofbirdso0003unse/page/521/mode/1up | chapter-url-access=registration }}</ref> | |||
=== | ===Food and feeding=== | ||
They forage in wet grassland and soft mud, mainly picking up food by sight. In their non-breeding habitat they feed on intertidal mudflats and along the muddy margins of freshwater lakes. They mainly eat insects and other small invertebrates. | They forage in wet grassland and soft mud, mainly picking up food by sight. In their non-breeding habitat they feed on intertidal mudflats and along the muddy margins of freshwater lakes. They mainly eat insects and other small invertebrates.<ref name=hbw/> | ||
==Gallery== | |||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
File:Calidris ruficollis P4233842.jpg| | File:Calidris ruficollis P4233842.jpg|Feeding | ||
File:Calidris ruficollis summer plumage.JPG|Summer plumage | File:Calidris ruficollis summer plumage.JPG|Summer plumage in Japan | ||
File:Red-necked Stint redcliffe95.ogv|Scarborough, SE [[Queensland]], | File:Red-necked Stint redcliffe95.ogv|Scarborough, SE [[Queensland]], Australia | ||
File:Calidris ruficollis - Pak Thale.jpg| | File:Calidris ruficollis - Pak Thale.jpg|In Thailand | ||
File:Red-Necked Stint Kaitorete.jpg|Non-breeding plumage, [[Lake Ellesmere / Te Waihora|Lake Ellesmere]], New Zealand. | File:Red-Necked Stint Kaitorete.jpg|Non-breeding plumage, [[Lake Ellesmere / Te Waihora|Lake Ellesmere]], New Zealand. | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
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==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
* {{cite journal |last1=Jonsson |first1=Lars | | * {{cite journal |last1=Jonsson |first1=Lars |author-link1=Lars Jonsson (bird artist) |first2=Peter J. |last2= Grant |author-link2=Peter J. Grant |year=1984 |title=Identification of stints and peeps |journal=[[British Birds (magazine)|British Birds]] |volume=77 |issue=7 |pages=293–315}} | ||
* {{cite journal |last1=Alström |first1=Per |first2=Urban |last2=Olsson |year=1989 |title=The identification of juvenile Red-necked and Long-toed Stints |journal=[[British Birds (magazine)|British Birds]] |volume=82 |issue=8 |pages=360–372}} | * {{cite journal |last1=Alström |first1=Per |first2=Urban |last2=Olsson |year=1989 |title=The identification of juvenile Red-necked and Long-toed Stints |journal=[[British Birds (magazine)|British Birds]] |volume=82 |issue=8 |pages=360–372}} | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{Commons category|Calidris ruficollis}} | {{Commons category|Calidris ruficollis}} | ||
* {{BirdLife|22693383|Calidris ruficollis}} | * {{BirdLife|22693383|Calidris ruficollis}} | ||
* {{Avibase|name=Calidris ruficollis}} | * {{Avibase|name=Calidris ruficollis}} | ||
* {{InternetBirdCollection|red-necked-stint-calidris-ruficollis}} | * {{InternetBirdCollection|red-necked-stint-calidris-ruficollis}} | ||
* {{field guide birds of the world|Calidris ruficollis}} | * {{field guide birds of the world|Calidris ruficollis}} | ||
{{Scolopacidae|1}} | {{Scolopacidae|1}} | ||
| Line 67: | Line 65: | ||
[[Category:Calidris|red-necked stint]] | [[Category:Calidris|red-necked stint]] | ||
[[Category:Wading birds]] | [[Category:Wading birds]] | ||
[[Category:Birds of North Asia]] | [[Category:Birds of North Asia]] | ||
Latest revision as of 07:29, 15 December 2025
Template:Short description Template:Speciesbox
The red-necked stint or rufous-necked stint (Calidris ruficollis) is a small migratory wader that breeds in northeast Russia and spends the non-breeding season along the coastlines of Southeast Asia and Australasia.
Taxonomy
The red-necked stint was formally described in 1776 by the German naturalist Peter Simon Pallas under the binomial name Trynga ruficollis.[1] The specific epithet ruficollis is Modern Latin meaning "red-necked" from Latin rufus meaning "red" or "rufous" and -collis meaning "-necked" or "-throated".[2] The type locality is southern Transbaikal in eastern Siberia.[3][4] The red-necked stint is now placed with 23 other species in the genus Calidris that was introduced in 1804 by the German naturalist Blasius Merrem. The species is monotypic, with no subspecies recognised.[5] Within the genus Calidris the red-necked stint is most closely related to the spoon-billed sandpiper (Calidris pygmaea).[6]
Description
These birds are among the smallest of waders, very similar to the little stint, Calidris minuta, with which they were once considered conspecific. The red-necked stint's small size, fine dark bill, dark legs and quicker movements distinguish this species from all waders except the other dark-legged stints. It measures Script error: No such module "convert". in length, Script error: No such module "convert". in wingspan, and Script error: No such module "convert". in weight.[7] It can be distinguished from the western sandpiper and the semipalmated sandpiper in all plumages by its combination of a fine bill tip, unwebbed toes, and longer primary projection.
The breeding adult has an unstreaked orange breast, bordered with dark markings below, and a white V on its back. In winter plumage identification is difficult, although it is shorter legged and longer winged than the little stint. Juveniles have more contrasting mantle plumage and weaker white lines down the back than their relative. The call is a hoarse "stit".
Distribution and habitat
Red-necked stints are strongly migratory, breeding along the Arctic littoral of eastern Eurasia and spending the non-breeding season in Southeast Asia and Australasia as far south as Tasmania and New Zealand. They are rare vagrants to western Europe, with records from Belgium, Denmark, Great Britain, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, and Sweden.[8] They are often seen in western Alaska and occasionally elsewhere in the Americas.
Behaviour
Red-necked stints are highly gregarious and will form flocks with other small Calidris waders, such as sharp-tailed sandpipers and curlew sandpipers in their non-breeding areas.
Breeding
The breeding habitat is low altitude tundra usually in dry raised areas. The birds have only a low degree of site fidelity. The eggs are laid in June. The nest is a shallow depression lined with leaves and grass. The clutch of 3 or 4 eggs is incubated for 20-22 days by both parents. The females leaves soon after the eggs hatch while the male continues to care for the chicks until they fledge at 16-17 days. Only a single brood is raised each year.[9]
Food and feeding
They forage in wet grassland and soft mud, mainly picking up food by sight. In their non-breeding habitat they feed on intertidal mudflats and along the muddy margins of freshwater lakes. They mainly eat insects and other small invertebrates.[9]
Gallery
-
Feeding
-
Summer plumage in Japan
-
Scarborough, SE Queensland, Australia
-
In Thailand
-
Non-breeding plumage, Lake Ellesmere, New Zealand.
References
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Further reading
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