USS Cutlass: Difference between revisions
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} | ||
{{Infobox ship | |||
{{Infobox ship image | |section1={{Infobox ship/image | ||
| | | image = USS Cutlass (SS-478) underway on 9 May 1962.jpg | ||
| | | image_caption = USS ''Cutlass'' operating with the [[aircraft carrier]] USS ''[[USS Lake Champlain (CV-39)|Lake Champlain]]'' in 1962 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Infobox ship career | |||
| | |section2={{Infobox ship/career | ||
| | | country = United States | ||
| | | flag = {{USN flag|1973}} | ||
| | | name = ''Cutlass'' | ||
| | | namesake = [[Cutlassfish]] | ||
| ordered = | |||
| builder = [[Portsmouth Naval Shipyard]], [[Kittery, Maine]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates">{{cite book | |||
| last = Friedman | | last = Friedman | ||
| first = Norman | | first = Norman | ||
| Line 21: | Line 23: | ||
| pages = 285–304 | | pages = 285–304 | ||
| isbn = 1-55750-263-3 }}</ref> | | isbn = 1-55750-263-3 }}</ref> | ||
| | | laid_down = 22 July 1944<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/> | ||
| | | launched = 5 November 1944<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/> | ||
| | | acquired = | ||
| | | commissioned = 17 March 1945<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/> | ||
| | | decommissioned = 15 April 1973<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/> | ||
| | | in_service = | ||
| | | out_of_service = | ||
| | | struck = 15 April 1973<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/> | ||
| | | reinstated = | ||
| | | fate = Transferred to [[Taiwan (Republic of China)]], 15 April 1973<ref name="Register">{{cite book | ||
| last = Bauer | | last = Bauer | ||
| first = K. Jack | | first = K. Jack | ||
| Line 40: | Line 42: | ||
| pages = 280–282 | | pages = 280–282 | ||
| isbn = 0-313-26202-0 }}</ref> | | isbn = 0-313-26202-0 }}</ref> | ||
| | | status = | ||
}} | | badge = [[File:Logo board from of the USS Cutlass.jpg|150px]] | ||
{{Infobox ship career | }} | ||
| | |||
| | |section3={{Infobox ship/career | ||
| | | hide_header = title | ||
| | | country = Taiwan | ||
| | | flag = {{shipboxflag|Republic of China|naval}} | ||
| | | name = ROCS ''Hai Shih'' (SS-791) | ||
| | | acquired = 12 April 1973 | ||
| | | commissioned = | ||
| | | decommissioned = | ||
| | | in_service = | ||
| | | out_of_service = | ||
| | | struck = | ||
| | | reinstated = | ||
}} | | fate = | ||
{{Infobox ship characteristics | | status = Active | ||
| | }} | ||
| | |||
| | |section4={{Infobox ship/characteristics | ||
| | | hide_header = | ||
*2,414 tons (2,453 t) submerged<ref name="Register"/> | | header_caption = (As completed) | ||
| | | class = [[Tench class submarine|''Tench''-class]] [[diesel-electric]] [[submarine]]<ref name="Register"/> | ||
| | | displacement = *1,570 [[long ton|ton]]s (1,595 [[tonne|t]]) surfaced<ref name="Register"/> | ||
| | *2,414 tons (2,453 t) submerged<ref name="Register"/> | ||
| | | length = {{convert|311|ft|8|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="Register"/> | ||
| | | beam = {{convert|27|ft|4|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="Register"/> | ||
*{{convert|8.75|kn|km/h|0}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/> | | draft = {{convert|17|ft|abbr=on}} maximum<ref name="Register"/> | ||
| | | propulsion = {{Fleet-boat-propulsion-late-FM-2-E}} | ||
| | | speed = *{{convert|20.25|kn|km/h|0|lk=in}} surfaced<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs">''U.S. Submarines Through 1945'' pp. 305–311</ref> | ||
*75 days on patrol | *{{convert|8.75|kn|km/h|0}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/> | ||
| | | range = {{convert|11000|nmi|km}} surfaced at 10 knots (19 km/h)<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/> | ||
| | | endurance = *48 hours at {{convert|2|kn|km/h}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/> | ||
| | *75 days on patrol | ||
| | | test_depth = {{convert|400|ft|m|-1|abbr=on}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/> | ||
| | | complement = 10 officers, 71 enlisted<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/> | ||
}} | | sensors = | ||
{{Infobox ship characteristics | | EW = | ||
| | | armament = {{Fleet-boat-armament-5-inch-28-torps}} | ||
| | }} | ||
| | |||
| | |section5={{Infobox ship/characteristics | ||
| hide_header = | |||
| header_caption = (Guppy II) | |||
| class = | |||
| displacement = *1,870 tons (1,900 t) surfaced<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2">{{cite book | |||
| last = Friedman | | last = Friedman | ||
| first = Norman | | first = Norman | ||
| Line 92: | Line 98: | ||
| isbn = 1-55750-260-9 }}</ref> | | isbn = 1-55750-260-9 }}</ref> | ||
*2,440 tons (2,480 t) submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/> | *2,440 tons (2,480 t) submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/> | ||
| | | length = 307 ft (93.6 m)<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs">''U.S. Submarines Since 1945'' pp. 242</ref> | ||
| | | beam = 27 ft 4 in (7.4 m)<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/> | ||
| | | draft = 17 ft (5.2 m)<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/> | ||
| | | propulsion = *[[Submarine snorkel|Snorkel]] added<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/> | ||
*Batteries upgraded to [[Greater Underwater Propulsion Power Program|GUPPY]] type, capacity expanded to 504 cells (4 × 126 cell batteries)<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/> | *Batteries upgraded to [[Greater Underwater Propulsion Power Program|GUPPY]] type, capacity expanded to 504 cells (4 × 126 cell batteries)<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/> | ||
| | | speed = *Surfaced: | ||
*{{convert|18.0|kn|km/h|1}} maximum | *{{convert|18.0|kn|km/h|1}} maximum | ||
*{{convert|13.5|kn|km/h|1}} cruising | *{{convert|13.5|kn|km/h|1}} cruising | ||
*Submerged: | *Submerged: | ||
*{{convert|16.0|kn|km/h|1}} for ½ hour | *{{convert|16.0|kn|km/h|1}} for ½ hour | ||
*{{convert|9.0|kn|km/h|1}} snorkeling | *{{convert|9.0|kn|km/h|1}} snorkeling | ||
*{{convert|3.5|kn|km/h|1}} cruising<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/> | *{{convert|3.5|kn|km/h|1}} cruising<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/> | ||
| | | range = 15,000 nm (28,000 km) surfaced at 11 knots (20 km/h)<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/> | ||
| | | endurance = 48 hours at {{convert|4|kn|km/h|0}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/> | ||
| | | test_depth = | ||
| | | complement = *9–10 officers | ||
*5 petty officers | *5 petty officers | ||
*70 enlisted men<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/> | *70 enlisted men<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/> | ||
| | | sensors = *AN/BQS-4 active sonar | ||
*AN/BQR-2 passive sonar | *AN/BQR-2 passive sonar | ||
*Mk 106 torpedo fire control system<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/> | *Mk 106 torpedo fire control system<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/> | ||
| | | EW = | ||
| | | armament = *10 × [[American 21-inch torpedo|21-inch (533 mm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s | ||
* (six forward, four aft)<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/> | * (six forward, four aft)<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-specs"/> | ||
*all guns removed<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/> | *all guns removed<ref name="FriedmanSubs2-chap2"/> | ||
| | | notes = | ||
}} | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''USS ''Cutlass'' (SS-478)''', is a [[Tench class submarine|''Tench''-class]] [[submarine]] now in the service of the [[Republic of China Navy]]. She was the only ship of the [[United States Navy]] to be named for the [[cutlassfish]], a long, thin fish found widely along the coasts of the [[United States]] and in the [[West Indies]]. Her keel was laid down by the [[Portsmouth Navy Yard]] on 10 July 1944. She was [[ship naming and launching|launched]] on 5 November 1944 sponsored by Mrs. R. E. Kintner, and [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 17 March 1945 with Commander Herbert L. Jukes in command. | '''USS ''Cutlass''''' ([[Hull number|hull number]] '''SS-478'''), renamed as '''ROCS ''Hai Shih''''' ('''SS-791''') since 1973, is a [[Tench class submarine|''Tench''-class]] [[submarine]] now in the service of the [[Republic of China Navy]]. She was the only ship of the [[United States Navy]] to be named for the [[cutlassfish]], a long, thin fish found widely along the coasts of the [[United States]] and in the [[West Indies]]. Her keel was laid down by the [[Portsmouth Navy Yard]] on 10 July 1944. She was [[ship naming and launching|launched]] on 5 November 1944 sponsored by Mrs. R. E. Kintner, and [[ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 17 March 1945 with Commander Herbert L. Jukes in command. | ||
Decommissioned and struck from the U.S. naval register in 1973, ''Cutlass'' was transferred to the [[Republic of China Navy]] and renamed ROCS ''Hai Shih'' (SS-791). She is expected to remain in service until at least 2026, 53 years after she entered service with the ROC Navy and 82 years after she was first launched. | |||
==Operational history== | ==Operational history== | ||
{{stack|[[File:USS Cutlass in Greece.jpg|thumb|Cruising the Mediterranean Sea, visiting France, Greece, Turkey, North Africa, Gibraltar, Malta, and Spain.]]}} | {{stack|[[File:USS Cutlass in Greece.jpg|thumb|Cruising the Mediterranean Sea, visiting France, Greece, Turkey, North Africa, Gibraltar, Malta, and Spain.]]}} | ||
===1945–1973 (U.S.)=== | ===1945–1973 (U.S.)=== | ||
Departing [[Portsmouth, New Hampshire]], on 25 April 1945, ''Cutlass'' arrived at [[Pearl Harbor]] on 15 July and put out on her maiden war patrol two days later. Assigned to patrol in the vicinity of the [[Kurile Islands]], she entered the area one day after [[Victory over Japan Day|the announced Japanese surrender]], remained on observation patrol until 24 August, then returned to Pearl Harbor. She sailed on 2 September for New York, arriving 24 September to receive visitors through [[Navy Day]]. | Departing [[Portsmouth, New Hampshire]], on 25 April 1945, ''Cutlass'' arrived at [[Pearl Harbor]] on 15 July and put out on her maiden war patrol two days later. Assigned to patrol in the vicinity of the [[Kurile Islands]], she entered the area one day after [[Victory over Japan Day|the announced Japanese surrender]], remained on observation patrol until 24 August, then returned to Pearl Harbor. She sailed on 2 September for New York, arriving 24 September to receive visitors through [[Navy Day]]. | ||
| Line 132: | Line 141: | ||
''Cutlass'' left the Panama Canal Zone 6 January 1948 for local operations at [[Key West, Florida]], then entered [[Philadelphia Naval Shipyard]] in March for overhaul and modernization. Arriving at Key West 7 February 1949 she served as test submarine for Operation "Rainbow" evaluating color schemes to enhance [[livability]], a serious problem in new submarines with long submergence capability. She continued to sail out of Key West until the summer of 1952 when her home port was changed to [[Naval Station Norfolk|Norfolk, Virginia]]. | ''Cutlass'' left the Panama Canal Zone 6 January 1948 for local operations at [[Key West, Florida]], then entered [[Philadelphia Naval Shipyard]] in March for overhaul and modernization. Arriving at Key West 7 February 1949 she served as test submarine for Operation "Rainbow" evaluating color schemes to enhance [[livability]], a serious problem in new submarines with long submergence capability. She continued to sail out of Key West until the summer of 1952 when her home port was changed to [[Naval Station Norfolk|Norfolk, Virginia]]. | ||
[[File: | {{stack|[[File:Crew of the USS Cutlass 01.jpg|thumb|''Aboard the USS Cutlass (SS-478), in 1955'']]}} | ||
In 1953 ''Cutlass'' cruised to the [[Mediterranean Sea]], visiting [[France]], [[Greece]], [[Turkey]], [[North Africa]], [[Gibraltar]], [[Malta]], and [[Spain]], then sailed in [[Cuba]]n waters to act as target for [[destroyer]]s and aircraft engaged in antisubmarine exercises. She joined in local operations, fleet exercises and antisubmarine warfare training in the [[Caribbean Sea]] until September 1956 when she departed for the Mediterranean and operations with [[NATO]] forces including the [[US 6th Fleet|Sixth Fleet]]. She visited [[Italy]], [[Greece]], [[Crete]], [[Majorca]], [[Portugal]] and [[England]], returning to Norfolk in December. In 1958 she sailed on a north European cruise, visiting [[Rosyth]], [[Scotland]], [[Copenhagen]] and [[Korsor]], [[Denmark]], and passing through the [[Kiel Canal]]. | In 1953 ''Cutlass'' cruised to the [[Mediterranean Sea]], visiting [[France]], [[Greece]], [[Turkey]], [[North Africa]], [[Gibraltar]], [[Malta]], and [[Spain]], then sailed in [[Cuba]]n waters to act as target for [[destroyer]]s and aircraft engaged in antisubmarine exercises. She joined in local operations, fleet exercises and antisubmarine warfare training in the [[Caribbean Sea]] until September 1956 when she departed for the Mediterranean and operations with [[NATO]] forces including the [[US 6th Fleet|Sixth Fleet]]. She visited [[Italy]], [[Greece]], [[Crete]], [[Majorca]], [[Portugal]] and [[England]], returning to Norfolk in December. In 1958 she sailed on a north European cruise, visiting [[Rosyth]], [[Scotland]], [[Copenhagen]] and [[Korsor]], [[Denmark]], and passing through the [[Kiel Canal]]. | ||
In the first half of 1959, ''Cutlass'' joined in the antisubmarine warfare development work of Task Force "Alfa" off the [[Virginia Capes]], and in September sailed for the Mediterranean. In November she passed through the [[Suez Canal]] to join ships of the [[Pakistani Navy]] in exercises off [[Karachi]], returning to Norfolk in December. After continued operations with TF "Alfa," she entered [[Philadelphia Naval Shipyard]] in February 1960 for an overhaul which continued until August. ''Cutlass'' was decommissioned and struck from the [[Naval Vessel Register]] on 15 April 1973. | In the first half of 1959, ''Cutlass'' joined in the antisubmarine warfare development work of Task Force "Alfa" off the [[Virginia Capes]], and in September sailed for the Mediterranean. In November she passed through the [[Suez Canal]] to join ships of the [[Pakistani Navy]] in exercises off [[Karachi]], returning to Norfolk in December. After continued operations with TF "Alfa," she entered [[Philadelphia Naval Shipyard]] in February 1960 for an overhaul which continued until August. ''Cutlass'' was decommissioned and struck from the [[Naval Vessel Register]] on 15 April 1973. | ||
[[File: | === 1973–present (Taiwan) === | ||
{{stack|[[File:ROCN SS-791 left side in Keelung 20190928a.jpg|thumb|ROCS ''Hai Shih'' (SS-791) in September 2019]]}} | |||
On 4 December 1973, ''Cutlass'' had her torpedo tubes sealed and was sold to [[Taiwan]], where she was commissioned in the [[Republic of China Navy]] as ROCS ''Hai Shih'' (SS-791), (meaning "[[sea lion]]"). They then tried to restore her torpedo capabilities. In January 2017, Taiwan announced that she would receive a retrofit to extend her service life until 2026, making her the longest-serving submarine in history. The submarine is still operational and reportedly capable of combat.<ref>{{cite web|author=Robert Beckhusen |url=https://warisboring.com/taiwans-ancient-submarine-will-reach-an-astounding-80-years-in-service-5b7ce1017f0b#.5s8hr4h8l |title=Taiwan's Ancient Submarine Will Reach an Astounding 80 Years in Service |publisher=Warisboring.com |access-date=2017-01-23}}</ref> The $19 million retrofit was to improve the hull and the diesel vessel's navigational elements.<ref>{{cite web|author=Taiwan News |url=http://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3079227 |title=World's oldest submarine to stay in service |date=21 January 2017 |publisher=Taiwan News |access-date=2017-01-23}}</ref> | On 4 December 1973, ''Cutlass'' had her torpedo tubes sealed and was sold to [[Taiwan]], where she was commissioned in the [[Republic of China Navy]] as ROCS ''Hai Shih'' (SS-791), (meaning "[[sea lion]]"). They then tried to restore her torpedo capabilities. In January 2017, Taiwan announced that she would receive a retrofit to extend her service life until 2026, making her the longest-serving submarine in history. The submarine is still operational and reportedly capable of combat.<ref>{{cite web|author=Robert Beckhusen |url=https://warisboring.com/taiwans-ancient-submarine-will-reach-an-astounding-80-years-in-service-5b7ce1017f0b#.5s8hr4h8l |title=Taiwan's Ancient Submarine Will Reach an Astounding 80 Years in Service |publisher=Warisboring.com |access-date=2017-01-23}}</ref> The $19 million retrofit was to improve the hull and the diesel vessel's navigational elements.<ref>{{cite web|author=Taiwan News |url=http://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3079227 |title=World's oldest submarine to stay in service |date=21 January 2017 |publisher=Taiwan News |access-date=2017-01-23}}</ref> | ||
| Line 154: | Line 159: | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{wikimedia}} | |||
{{refbegin}} | {{refbegin}} | ||
*{{navsource|08/08478}} | *{{navsource|08/08478}} | ||
Latest revision as of 17:25, 14 December 2025
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Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherTemplate:Infobox ship/subboxTemplate:Infobox ship/subboxTemplate:Infobox ship/subboxTemplate:Infobox ship/subboxUSS Cutlass (hull number SS-478), renamed as ROCS Hai Shih (SS-791) since 1973, is a Tench-class submarine now in the service of the Republic of China Navy. She was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for the cutlassfish, a long, thin fish found widely along the coasts of the United States and in the West Indies. Her keel was laid down by the Portsmouth Navy Yard on 10 July 1944. She was launched on 5 November 1944 sponsored by Mrs. R. E. Kintner, and commissioned on 17 March 1945 with Commander Herbert L. Jukes in command.
Decommissioned and struck from the U.S. naval register in 1973, Cutlass was transferred to the Republic of China Navy and renamed ROCS Hai Shih (SS-791). She is expected to remain in service until at least 2026, 53 years after she entered service with the ROC Navy and 82 years after she was first launched.
Operational history
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1945–1973 (U.S.)
Departing Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on 25 April 1945, Cutlass arrived at Pearl Harbor on 15 July and put out on her maiden war patrol two days later. Assigned to patrol in the vicinity of the Kurile Islands, she entered the area one day after the announced Japanese surrender, remained on observation patrol until 24 August, then returned to Pearl Harbor. She sailed on 2 September for New York, arriving 24 September to receive visitors through Navy Day.
Cutlass cruised on the East Coast until 8 January 1946 when she cleared for the Panama Canal Zone. Except for three months of operations in Delaware Bay, Cutlass remained in the Caribbean Sea, based at Cristóbal, Canal Zone. From 23 August to 2 October 1947 she made a cruise down the coast of South America, around Cape Horn, visited Valparaíso, Chile, and returned to the east coast of South America through the Straits of Magellan.
Cutlass left the Panama Canal Zone 6 January 1948 for local operations at Key West, Florida, then entered Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in March for overhaul and modernization. Arriving at Key West 7 February 1949 she served as test submarine for Operation "Rainbow" evaluating color schemes to enhance livability, a serious problem in new submarines with long submergence capability. She continued to sail out of Key West until the summer of 1952 when her home port was changed to Norfolk, Virginia.
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In 1953 Cutlass cruised to the Mediterranean Sea, visiting France, Greece, Turkey, North Africa, Gibraltar, Malta, and Spain, then sailed in Cuban waters to act as target for destroyers and aircraft engaged in antisubmarine exercises. She joined in local operations, fleet exercises and antisubmarine warfare training in the Caribbean Sea until September 1956 when she departed for the Mediterranean and operations with NATO forces including the Sixth Fleet. She visited Italy, Greece, Crete, Majorca, Portugal and England, returning to Norfolk in December. In 1958 she sailed on a north European cruise, visiting Rosyth, Scotland, Copenhagen and Korsor, Denmark, and passing through the Kiel Canal.
In the first half of 1959, Cutlass joined in the antisubmarine warfare development work of Task Force "Alfa" off the Virginia Capes, and in September sailed for the Mediterranean. In November she passed through the Suez Canal to join ships of the Pakistani Navy in exercises off Karachi, returning to Norfolk in December. After continued operations with TF "Alfa," she entered Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in February 1960 for an overhaul which continued until August. Cutlass was decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 15 April 1973.
1973–present (Taiwan)
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On 4 December 1973, Cutlass had her torpedo tubes sealed and was sold to Taiwan, where she was commissioned in the Republic of China Navy as ROCS Hai Shih (SS-791), (meaning "sea lion"). They then tried to restore her torpedo capabilities. In January 2017, Taiwan announced that she would receive a retrofit to extend her service life until 2026, making her the longest-serving submarine in history. The submarine is still operational and reportedly capable of combat.[1] The $19 million retrofit was to improve the hull and the diesel vessel's navigational elements.[2]
References
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Public Domain This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entries can be found here and here.
Operational Historical images provided by the estate of TM2, Ronald StMartin, 1952-1956.. DSM
External links
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- Taipei Times, 17 April 2007: World's longest-serving sub feted
- USS Cutlass naval webring page
- USS Cutlass - new HOME PORT page
- USS "Cutlass" Shipmate Connection" Template:Webarchive
- Cutless page
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Categories:
- Pages with ignored display titles
- Pages with script errors
- Pages with broken file links
- Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships
- Tench-class submarines
- Ships built in Kittery, Maine
- 1944 ships
- World War II submarines of the United States
- Cold War submarines of the United States
- Tench-class submarines of the Republic of China Navy
- Hai Shih-class submarines
- Submarines of the Republic of China