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→Culinary uses: Reflect ingredients of bubble and squeak more accurately according to bubble and squeak article.
 
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'''Mashed potato''' or '''mashed potatoes''' ([[American English|American]], [[Canadian English|Canadian]], and [[Australian English]]), colloquially known as '''mash''' ([[British English]]),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lexico.com/definition/mash|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209172846/https://www.lexico.com/definition/mash|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 December 2019|title=Mash: Meaning of Mash |website=Lexico Dictionaries &#124; English}}</ref> is a dish made by mashing boiled or steamed [[potato]]es, usually with added milk, butter, salt, and pepper. It is generally served as a [[side dish]] to meat or vegetables. Roughly mashed potatoes are sometimes called '''smashed potatoes'''.{{citation needed|date=November 2023}} [[Dehydrated food|Dehydrated]] [[instant mashed potatoes]]<ref>{{cite book | title=Package Quantities of Instant Mashed Potatoes | publisher=U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards | series=Voluntary product standard | year=1971 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8oTQrCY7R9oC&pg=PA1 | access-date=28 August 2023 | page=1}}</ref> and [[Frozen food|frozen]] mashed potatoes<ref>{{cite book | last=Sun | first=D.W. | title=Handbook of Frozen Food Processing and Packaging | publisher=CRC Press | series=Contemporary Food Engineering | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4398-3605-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sxzOBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA490 | access-date=28 August 2023 | page=490}}</ref> are available. Mashed potatoes are an ingredient in other dishes, such as [[dumpling]]s and [[gnocchi]].<ref>{{cite book | last=Marks | first=G. | title=The: World of Jewish Cooking | publisher=Simon & Schuster | series=Over 613 Traditional Recipes from Alsace to Yemen | year=1999 | isbn=978-0-684-83559-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ux2lGKCKVPYC&pg=PA249 | access-date=28 August 2023 | page=249}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title=Food Preparation and Cooking: Cookery units. Student guide | publisher=Stanley Thornes | series=Catering and hospitality, NVQ/SVQ2 | year=1996 | isbn=978-0-7487-2566-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vRcidxIUWYMC&pg=PA280 | access-date=28 August 2023 | page=280}}</ref>
'''Mashed potato''' or '''mashed potatoes''' ([[American English|American]], [[Canadian English|Canadian]], and [[Australian English]]), colloquially known as '''mash''' ([[British English]]),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lexico.com/definition/mash|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209172846/https://www.lexico.com/definition/mash|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 December 2019|title=Mash: Meaning of Mash |website=Lexico Dictionaries &#124; English}}</ref> is a dish made by mashing boiled or steamed [[potato]]es, usually with added milk, butter, salt, and pepper. It is generally served as a [[side dish]] to meat or vegetables. Roughly mashed potatoes are sometimes called '''smashed potatoes'''. [[Dehydrated food|Dehydrated]] [[instant mashed potatoes]]<ref>{{cite book | title=Package Quantities of Instant Mashed Potatoes | publisher=U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards | series=Voluntary product standard | year=1971 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8oTQrCY7R9oC&pg=PA1 | access-date=28 August 2023 | page=1}}</ref> and [[Frozen food|frozen]] mashed potatoes<ref>{{cite book | last=Sun | first=D.W. | title=Handbook of Frozen Food Processing and Packaging | publisher=CRC Press | series=Contemporary Food Engineering | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4398-3605-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sxzOBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA490 | access-date=28 August 2023 | page=490}}</ref> are available. Mashed potatoes are an ingredient in other dishes, such as [[dumpling]]s and [[gnocchi]].<ref>{{cite book | last=Marks | first=G. | title=The: World of Jewish Cooking | publisher=Simon & Schuster | series=Over 613 Traditional Recipes from Alsace to Yemen | year=1999 | isbn=978-0-684-83559-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ux2lGKCKVPYC&pg=PA249 | access-date=28 August 2023 | page=249}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title=Food Preparation and Cooking: Cookery units. Student guide | publisher=Stanley Thornes | series=Catering and hospitality, NVQ/SVQ2 | year=1996 | isbn=978-0-7487-2566-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vRcidxIUWYMC&pg=PA280 | access-date=28 August 2023 | page=280}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
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[[File:Frankfurter-rippchen-mit-kraut-kpl.001-1.jpg|thumb|Mashed potato served with ''[[Frankfurter Rippchen]]'', ''[[sauerkraut]]'' and mustard]]
[[File:Frankfurter-rippchen-mit-kraut-kpl.001-1.jpg|thumb|Mashed potato served with ''[[Frankfurter Rippchen]]'', ''[[sauerkraut]]'' and mustard]]


Mashed potato can be served as a [[side dish]]. In the British Isles, sausages served with mashed potatoes are known as [[bangers and mash]]. Mashed potato can be an ingredient of various other dishes, including [[cottage pie|shepherd's and cottage pie]], Orkney [[clapshot]], [[pierogi]], [[colcannon]], [[dumpling]]s, [[potato pancakes]], potato [[croquette]]s, and [[gnocchi]]. Particularly runny mashed potatoes are called ''mousseline'' potatoes.<ref name="Dupree">{{Cite book| publisher = Gibbs Smith| isbn = 978-1-4236-2316-8| last = Dupree| first = Nathalie| title = Mastering the Art of Southern Cooking| date = 1 November 2012}}</ref>
Mashed potato can be served as a [[side dish]]. In the British Isles, sausages served with mashed potatoes are known as [[bangers and mash]]. Mashed potato can be an ingredient of various other dishes, including [[cottage pie|shepherd's and cottage pie]], Orkney [[clapshot]], [[pierogi]], [[colcannon]], [[champ (food)|champ]], [[dumpling]]s, [[potato pancakes]], potato [[croquette]]s, and [[gnocchi]]. Particularly runny mashed potatoes are called ''mousseline'' potatoes.<ref name="Dupree">{{Cite book| publisher = Gibbs Smith| isbn = 978-1-4236-2316-8| last = Dupree| first = Nathalie| title = Mastering the Art of Southern Cooking| date = 1 November 2012}}</ref>


In the United Kingdom, cold mashed potato can be mixed with fresh eggs and then fried until crisp to produce a [[potato cake]]. This dish is thought to have originated in [[Cornwall]] and is a popular breakfast item. When instead combined with meat and other leftover vegetables, the fried dish is known as [[bubble and squeak]].{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}
In the United Kingdom, cold mashed potato can be mixed with fresh eggs and then fried until crisp to produce a [[potato cake]]. This dish is thought to have originated in [[Cornwall]] and is a popular breakfast item. When the potato is combined with cooked cabbage or similar vegetables, the fried dish is known as [[bubble and squeak]]; some recipes add meat or other ingredients.


Mashed potatoes may be eaten with [[gravy]],<ref>{{cite book | last=Smith | first=A.F. | title=The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink | publisher=Oxford University Press, USA | series=Oxford Companions | year=2007 | isbn=978-0-19-530796-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AoWlCmNDA3QC&pg=PT321 | access-date=28 August 2023 | page=321}}</ref> typically meat gravy, though vegetable gravy is becoming more common as vegetarian and vegan diets increase in popularity.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}
Mashed potatoes may be eaten with [[gravy]],<ref>{{cite book | last=Smith | first=A.F. | title=The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink | publisher=Oxford University Press, USA | series=Oxford Companions | year=2007 | isbn=978-0-19-530796-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AoWlCmNDA3QC&pg=PT321 | access-date=28 August 2023 | page=321}}</ref> typically meat gravy, though vegetable gravy is becoming more common as vegetarian and vegan diets increase in popularity.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}
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In [[India]], mashed potatoes made with spices, fried or not, are called chaukha. Chaukha is used in [[samosa]]s in India and with [[Litti (dish)|litti]], especially in [[Bihar]].<ref name="Dupree"/>
In [[India]], mashed potatoes made with spices, fried or not, are called chaukha. Chaukha is used in [[samosa]]s in India and with [[Litti (dish)|litti]], especially in [[Bihar]].<ref name="Dupree"/>


In [[Kenya]], mashed potatoes are eaten in the form of a dish called irio, native to the Kikuyu tribe. The dish mainly incorporates corn and peas along with other ingredients into the potatoes. It is often served with grilled meat, known as ''nyama choma'', which could be either goat or beef.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.africanbites.com/irio/|title=Kenyan Mashed Potatoes: Irio}}</ref>
In [[Kenya]], mashed potatoes are eaten in the form of a dish called [[mukimo]], native to the Kikuyu tribe. The dish mainly incorporates corn and peas along with other ingredients into the potatoes. It is often served with grilled meat, known as ''nyama choma'', which could be either goat or beef.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.africanbites.com/irio/|title=Kenyan Mashed Potatoes: Irio}}</ref>


In [[Turkey]], mashed potatoes made with milk, salt, black pepper, and butter are called ''patates puresi''.{{citation needed|date=August 2023}}
In [[Turkey]], mashed potatoes made with milk, salt, black pepper, and butter are called ''patates puresi''.{{citation needed|date=August 2023}}
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[[Category:Irish cuisine]]
[[Category:Irish cuisine]]
[[Category:Dutch cuisine]]
[[Category:Dutch cuisine]]
[[Category:Luxembourgian cuisine]]
[[Category:Cuisine of Luxembourg]]
[[Category:German cuisine]]
[[Category:German cuisine]]
[[Category:Swedish cuisine]]
[[Category:Swedish cuisine]]

Latest revision as of 23:13, 27 November 2025

Template:Short description Script error: No such module "about". Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Template:Use dmy dates Script error: No such module "Infobox".Template:Template otherScript error: No such module "check for unknown parameters". Mashed potato or mashed potatoes (American, Canadian, and Australian English), colloquially known as mash (British English),[1] is a dish made by mashing boiled or steamed potatoes, usually with added milk, butter, salt, and pepper. It is generally served as a side dish to meat or vegetables. Roughly mashed potatoes are sometimes called smashed potatoes. Dehydrated instant mashed potatoes[2] and frozen mashed potatoes[3] are available. Mashed potatoes are an ingredient in other dishes, such as dumplings and gnocchi.[4][5]

History

An early recipe is found in Hannah Glasse's The Art of Cookery, published in 1747.[6] Her recipe mashed them in a saucepan with milk, salt, and butter.[7]

Ingredients

Most authors recommend the use of "floury" potatoes with a high ratio of amylose in their starch to achieve a fluffy, creamy consistency and appearance.[8] The best-known floury varieties are King Edward, Golden Wonder, and Red Rascal in Britain and the Russet in North America.[9] However, some recipes use "waxy" potatoes containing more amylopectin in their starch for a different texture or look;[8] for instance, one pounded mashed potato dish from Yunnan cuisine (in southwestern China), uses waxy potatoes to achieve a chewy, sticky texture.[10]

Butter, milk or cream, salt, and pepper are usually added. Many other seasonings may also be used, including herbs (notably parsley and chives), spices (notably nutmeg), garlic, cheese, bacon, sour cream, crisp onion or spring onion, caramelized onion, and mustard.[11]

One French variation adds egg yolk for pommes duchesse, or Duchess potatoes, piped through a carrot tube into wavy ribbons and rosettes, brushed with butter, and lightly browned.[12][13] Some French recipes for pomme purée (potato puree) use up to one part butter for every two parts potato.[8][14] In low-calorie or non-dairy variations, milk, cream, and butter may be replaced by soup stock or broth.

Aloo bharta, an Indian sub-continent variation, uses chopped onions, mustard (oil, paste, or seeds), chili pepper, coriander leaves, and other spices. Alu pitika (Template:Langx) is a popular variation of aloo bharta in Assam,[15][16] that may occasionally omit mustard and other spices. Alu pitika, made with roasted and smoked potatoes, is especially consumed in the winter.

Culinary uses

File:Frankfurter-rippchen-mit-kraut-kpl.001-1.jpg
Mashed potato served with Frankfurter Rippchen, sauerkraut and mustard

Mashed potato can be served as a side dish. In the British Isles, sausages served with mashed potatoes are known as bangers and mash. Mashed potato can be an ingredient of various other dishes, including shepherd's and cottage pie, Orkney clapshot, pierogi, colcannon, champ, dumplings, potato pancakes, potato croquettes, and gnocchi. Particularly runny mashed potatoes are called mousseline potatoes.[17]

In the United Kingdom, cold mashed potato can be mixed with fresh eggs and then fried until crisp to produce a potato cake. This dish is thought to have originated in Cornwall and is a popular breakfast item. When the potato is combined with cooked cabbage or similar vegetables, the fried dish is known as bubble and squeak; some recipes add meat or other ingredients.

Mashed potatoes may be eaten with gravy,[18] typically meat gravy, though vegetable gravy is becoming more common as vegetarian and vegan diets increase in popularity.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

A potato masher can be used to mash the potatoes.[19] A potato ricer produces a uniform, lump-free, mash.[20]

In India, mashed potatoes made with spices, fried or not, are called chaukha. Chaukha is used in samosas in India and with litti, especially in Bihar.[17]

In Kenya, mashed potatoes are eaten in the form of a dish called mukimo, native to the Kikuyu tribe. The dish mainly incorporates corn and peas along with other ingredients into the potatoes. It is often served with grilled meat, known as nyama choma, which could be either goat or beef.[21]

In Turkey, mashed potatoes made with milk, salt, black pepper, and butter are called patates puresi.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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  7. ↑ Hannah Glasse, The Art of Cookery, 1747, p. 148 full text
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External links

Template:Potato dishes Script error: No such module "Navbox". Template:Authority control

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