Teaching: Difference between revisions
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'''Teaching''' is the practice implemented by a ''[[teacher]]'' aimed at transmitting [[skills]] ([[knowledge]], [[know-how]], and [[interpersonal skills]]) to a [[learner]], a [[student]], or any other audience in the of an [[educational institution]]. Teaching is closely related to ''[[learning]]'', the student's activity of appropriating this knowledge.<ref name="LTLt">{{cite book |last1=Musial |first1=Manuel |title=How to design a teaching course |last2=Pradere |first2=Fabienne |last3=Tricot |first3=André |publisher=De Boeck |year=2012 |isbn=978-2-8041-6936-7 |location=Brussels}}</ref> | '''Teaching''' is the practice implemented by a ''[[teacher]]'' aimed at transmitting [[skills]] ([[knowledge]], [[know-how]], and [[interpersonal skills]]) to a [[learner]], a [[student]], or any other audience in the of an [[educational institution]]. Teaching is closely related to ''[[learning]]'', the student's activity of appropriating this knowledge.<ref name="LTLt">{{cite book |last1=Musial |first1=Manuel |title=How to design a teaching course |last2=Pradere |first2=Fabienne |last3=Tricot |first3=André |publisher=De Boeck |year=2012 |isbn=978-2-8041-6936-7 |location=Brussels}}</ref> | ||
Teaching is part of the broader concept of ''[[education]]''.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Chessex-Viguet |first=Christiane | Teaching is part of the broader concept of ''[[education]]''.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Chessex-Viguet |first=Christiane |title=Penser l'école |publisher=L'Harmattan |year=2015 |isbn=978-2-343-06826-8 |location=Paris |oclc=922630409}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Ver |first1=Naïl |title=Professeur des écoles: droits, responsabilités, carrière |last2=Paul |first2=Adeline |last3=Malki |first3=Farid |publisher=Retz Éditions |year=2014 |isbn=9782725632520 |language=fr |trans-title=School teacher: rights, responsibilities, career |oclc=871305750}}</ref> | ||
[[File:A_college_professor_teaching_in_a_university_classroom_full_of_students_in_Tennessee,_United_States_06.jpg|thumb|A college professor teaching a class in the United States]] | [[File:A_college_professor_teaching_in_a_university_classroom_full_of_students_in_Tennessee,_United_States_06.jpg|thumb|A college professor teaching a class in the United States]] | ||
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==Teaching in non-human animals== | ==Teaching in non-human animals== | ||
Teaching has been considered uniquely human because of mentalistic definitions. Indeed, in psychology, teaching is defined by the intention of the teacher, which is to transmit information and/or behavior and/or skill. This implies the need for the teacher to assess the knowledge state of the potential learner, thus to demonstrate [[theory of mind]] abilities. As theory of mind and intentions are difficult (if not impossible) to assess in non-humans, teaching was considered uniquely human.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kline |first1=Michelle Ann |title=How to learn about teaching: An evolutionary framework for the study of teaching behavior in humans and other animals |journal=Behavioral and Brain Sciences |date=2015 |volume=38 | | Teaching has been considered uniquely human because of mentalistic definitions. Indeed, in psychology, teaching is defined by the intention of the teacher, which is to transmit information and/or behavior and/or skill. This implies the need for the teacher to assess the knowledge state of the potential learner, thus to demonstrate [[theory of mind]] abilities. As theory of mind and intentions are difficult (if not impossible) to assess in non-humans, teaching was considered uniquely human.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kline |first1=Michelle Ann |title=How to learn about teaching: An evolutionary framework for the study of teaching behavior in humans and other animals |journal=Behavioral and Brain Sciences |date=2015 |volume=38 |article-number=e31 |doi=10.1017/S0140525X14000090 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences/article/abs/how-to-learn-about-teaching-an-evolutionary-framework-for-the-study-of-teaching-behavior-in-humans-and-other-animals/017C2C246E9C206562CAE3DB590B01EC|url-access=subscription }}</ref> | ||
However, if teaching is defined by its function, it is then possible to assess its presence among non-human species. Caro and Hauser<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Caro |first1=T.M. |last2=Hauser |first2=M.D. |title=Is There Teaching in Nonhuman Animals? |journal=The Quarterly Review of Biology |date=1992 |volume=67 |issue=2 |pages=151–174 |doi=10.1086/417553 |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/417553|url-access=subscription }}</ref> suggested a functionalist definition. For a behavior to be labeled as teaching, three criteria must be met : | However, if teaching is defined by its function, it is then possible to assess its presence among non-human species. Caro and Hauser<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Caro |first1=T.M. |last2=Hauser |first2=M.D. |title=Is There Teaching in Nonhuman Animals? |journal=The Quarterly Review of Biology |date=1992 |volume=67 |issue=2 |pages=151–174 |doi=10.1086/417553 |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/417553|url-access=subscription }}</ref> suggested a functionalist definition. For a behavior to be labeled as teaching, three criteria must be met : | ||
* The behavior of the "teacher" must be observed only in the presence of a naive individual | * The behavior of the "teacher" must be observed only in the presence of a naive individual | ||
Revision as of 13:09, 10 November 2025
Teaching is the practice implemented by a teacher aimed at transmitting skills (knowledge, know-how, and interpersonal skills) to a learner, a student, or any other audience in the of an educational institution. Teaching is closely related to learning, the student's activity of appropriating this knowledge.[1]
Teaching is part of the broader concept of education.[2][3]
Profession
Training
Teaching in non-human animals
Teaching has been considered uniquely human because of mentalistic definitions. Indeed, in psychology, teaching is defined by the intention of the teacher, which is to transmit information and/or behavior and/or skill. This implies the need for the teacher to assess the knowledge state of the potential learner, thus to demonstrate theory of mind abilities. As theory of mind and intentions are difficult (if not impossible) to assess in non-humans, teaching was considered uniquely human.[4] However, if teaching is defined by its function, it is then possible to assess its presence among non-human species. Caro and Hauser[5] suggested a functionalist definition. For a behavior to be labeled as teaching, three criteria must be met :
- The behavior of the "teacher" must be observed only in the presence of a naive individual
- The behavior represents a cost for the teacher, or at least no direct benefit
- The possible consequence of the behavior is a learning gain for the learner
See also
References
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Further reading
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